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| pushpin_map = Turkey
| pushpin_label = Thyatira
| coordinates = {{coord|38.920090|27.836253|type:landmark_region:TR-45|display=inline,title}}
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[[File:Ruins of Thyateira.jpg|thumb|220px|Ruins of the city.]]
'''Thyateira''' (also '''Thyatira'''; {{lang-grc|Θυάτειρα}}) was the name of an ancient Greek city in Asia Minor, now the modern Turkish city of [[Akhisar]] ("white castle"), [[Manisa Province]]. The name is probably [[Lydian language|Lydian]]. It lies in the far west of Turkey, south of Istanbul and almost due east of Athens. It is about {{convert|50|mi}} from the [[Aegean Sea]].
==History==
It was an ancient Greek city called '''Pelopia''' ({{lang-grc|Πελόπεια}}) and '''Semiramis''' ({{lang-grc|Σεμίραμις}}),<ref>[https://topostext.org/work/241#Th319.1 Stephanus of Byzantium, Ethnica, Th319.1]</ref> before it was renamed to Thyateira (Θυάτειρα), during the Hellenistic era in 290 BC, by the King [[Seleucus I Nicator]]. He was at war with [[Lysimachus]] when he learned that his wife had given birth to a daughter. According to [[Stephanus of Byzantium]], he called this city "Thuateira" from Greek θυγάτηρ, θυγατέρα (''thugatēr'', ''thugatera''), meaning "daughter", although it is likely that it is an older, Lydian name.<ref>[[Stephanus of Byzantium]], ''De Urbibus'' ("On cities") [https://books.google.com/books?id=lU8_AAAAcAAJ&q=pelopia]</ref><ref>[https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3Dquga%2Fthr Θυγάτηρ],
Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, ''A Greek-English Lexicon'', at Perseus project</ref> In classical times, Thyatira stood on the border between [[Lydia]] and [[Mysia]]. During the Roman era, (1st century AD), it was famous for its dyeing facilities and was a center of the purple cloth trade.
In early Christian times, Thyateira was home to a significant Christian church, mentioned as one of the [[seven Churches of the Book of Revelation]] in the [[Book of Revelation]].<ref>[[Book of Revelation|Rev.]] 1:11; 2:18–28.</ref> According to Revelation, a woman named Jezebel (who called herself a prophetess) taught and seduced the Christians of Thyateira to commit sexual immorality and to eat food sacrificed to [[cult image|idols]].<ref>[[Book of Revelation|Rev.]] 2:20</ref> However, some commentators such as Benson and Doddridge have concluded that what is being here practised in Thyatira is the same [[apostasy]] promoted in [[Kingdom of Israel (Samaria)|Israel]] by [[Jezebel]] as mentioned in the [[Books of Kings]] and that use of her name here is a direct reference to such. Indeed, as Doddridge notes, "the resemblance appears so great" that, in his view, it is the "same heresy which is represented".<ref>{{cite web |last1=Benson |title=Revelation 2 Benson Commentary |url=https://biblehub.com/commentaries/benson/revelation/2.htm |website=Biblehub |access-date=24 August 2019}}</ref>
The [[Apostle Paul]] and [[Silas]] might have visited Thyateira during Paul's second or third journey, Acts 16:
In 366, a [[battle of Thyatira|battle]] fought near Thyateira saw the army of [[Roman emperor]] [[Valens]] defeat [[Roman usurper]] [[Procopius (usurper)|Procopius]].
==Notable people==
Artemidorus ({{lang-grc|Ἀρτεμίδωρος}}) of Thyateira was an
Nicander ({{lang-grc|Νίκανδρος}}), also known as Nicander of Thyateira ({{lang-grc|Νίκανδρος ὁ Θυατειρηνός}}) was an ancient Greek grammarian.<ref>[https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=urn:cts:greekLit:tlg1389.tlg001.perseus-grc1:q.thurgonidai Harpokration, Lexicon of the Ten Orators, Th33]</ref><ref>[https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0008.tlg001.perseus-grc2:11.5 Athenaeus, Deipnosophistae, § 11.5]</ref>
[[Lydia of Thyatira]], businesswoman in the [[Acts of the Apostles]] chapter 16 verse 11–40.
==Bishopric==
{{Main|Thyatira (titular see)}}
[[file:A dictionary of the Bible.. (1887) (14595164770).jpg|thumb|right|19th-century Thyatira<ref>Schaff, Philip, A dictionary of the Bible(1887).</ref>]]The city was home to a Christian community from the [[early Christianity|apostolic period]]. The community continued until 1922, when the [[Eastern Orthodox Church|Orthodox Christian]] population was deported.▼
▲
[[File:ThyatiraBasilika.jpg|thumb|left|Byzantine basilica of Thatira]]In 1922, the [[Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople]] appointed an [[exarch]] for Western and Central Europe with the title Archbishop of Thyateira. The current archbishop of Thyateira (since 2019) is [[Nikitas Lulias]].<ref>[http://www.thyateira.org.uk/archbishop-nikitas/] – Biography at the website of the Archdiocese of Thyateira and Great Britain</ref> The Archbishop of Thyateira resides in London and has pastoral responsibility for the [[Greek Orthodox Church]] in the United Kingdom, Ireland and [[Malta]].▼
▲
The see of Thyatira is also included, without [[Archbishop|archiepiscopal]] rank, in the [[Roman Catholic Church]]'s list of [[titular see]]s.<ref>''Annuario Pontificio 2013'' (Libreria Editrice Vaticana, 2013, {{ISBN|978-88-209-9070-1}}), p. 988</ref>▼
▲The see of Thyatira is also included, without [[Archbishop|archiepiscopal]] rank, in the [[Roman Catholic Church]]'s list of [[titular see]]s.<ref>''Annuario Pontificio 2013'' (Libreria Editrice Vaticana, 2013, {{ISBN|978-88-209-9070-1}}), p. 988.</ref>
<gallery widths="200px" heights="140px">
File:A dictionary of the Bible.. (1887) (14595164770).jpg|19th-century Thyatira<ref>Schaff, Philip (1887). ''A Dictionary of the Bible''.</ref>
File:ThyatiraBasilika.jpg|Byzantine basilica of Thatira
</gallery>
==See also==
* [[Archdiocese of Thyateira and Great Britain]]
* [[List of archbishops of Thyateira and Great Britain]]
==References==
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{{Ancient settlements in Turkey}}
[[Category:Greek colonies in Anatolia]]▼
[[Category:Ancient Greek archaeological sites in Turkey]]
▲[[Category:Greek colonies in Anatolia]]
[[Category:History of Manisa Province]]▼
[[Category:New Testament cities]]▼
[[Category:Populated places in ancient Lydia]]
[[Category:Populated places in ancient Mysia]]
[[Category:Roman
[[Category:
▲[[Category:New Testament cities]]
▲[[Category:History of Manisa Province]]
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