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{{Short description|British orientalist and historian}}
{{Use British English|date=October 2012}}
{{refimproveUse dmy dates|date=AprilAugust 20122021}}
{{Infobox scientist
| image = Thomasarnoldorientalist.jpg
| caption = Sir Thomas Arnold
| honorific_prefix = [[Sir]]
| name = Thomas Walker Arnold
[[Category:Companions| ofhonorific_suffix the= [[Order of the Indian Empire|CIE]]▼
| birth_date = 19 April{{birth date|1864|4|19|df=y}}
| birth_place = [[Devonport, Devon]]
| death_date birth_place = 9[[Devonport, JuneDevon]], 1930England
| death_date = {{death date and age|1930|6|9|1864|4|19|df=y}}
| death_place =
| influenced death_place = [[Muhammad IqbalLondon]], England
}}
 
'''Sir Thomas Walker Arnold''', [[Order of the Indian Empire{{postnominals|country=GBR|CIE]]|FBA}} (19 April 1864 &ndash; 9 June 1930) was a [[United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland|British]] [[Oriental studies|orientalist]] and historian of [[Islamic art]]. whoHe taught at [[Muhammadan Anglo-Oriental College]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.britishempire.co.uk/article/plymouth/thomasarnold.htm|title=Empire in Your Backyard: Imperial Plymouth|website=www.britishempire.co.uk|access-date=2016-05-05}}</ref> later [[Aligarh Muslim University]] (then Aligarh College), and [[Government College University, Lahore]].<ref name="Iranica">{{Cite web|urllast=http://wwwRobinson|first=B.iranicaonlineW.org/articles/arnold-sir-thomas-walker-british-orientalist-1864-1930|title=ARNOLD, THOMAS WALKER – Encyclopaedia Iranica|last=electricpulp.com|website=www.iranicaonline.org|access-date=2016-08-08}}</ref> He was a friend of [[Sir Syed Ahmed Khan]], and wrote his famous book "The preaching of Islam" at the insistence of Sir Syed.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/arnold-sir-thomas-walker-british-orientalist-1864-1930|title=ARNOLD, THOMAS WALKER – Encyclopaedia Iranica|last=electricpulp.com|website=www.iranicaonline.org|access-date=2016-08-08}}</ref> He also taught poet-philosopher [[Muhammad Iqbal]] and [[Syed Sulaiman Nadvi]], and was a very close friend of [[Shibli Nomani]] who was also a teacher at Aligarh.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://aligarhmovement.com/karwaan_e_aligarh/sir_thomas_walker_arnold|title=Sir Thomas Walker Arnold {{!}} Aligarh Movement|website=aligarhmovementiranicaonline.com|access-date=2016-08-08org}}</ref>
 
Arnold was a friend of [[Sir Syed Ahmed Khan]], who influenced him to write the famous book ''[[The Preaching of Islam]]'',<ref name=Iranica/> and of [[Shibli Nomani]], with whom he taught at Aligarh. He taught [[Syed Sulaiman Nadvi]] and the poet-philosopher [[Muhammad Iqbal]].<ref name=aligarhmovement>{{Cite web|url=http://aligarhmovement.com/karwaan_e_aligarh/sir_thomas_walker_arnold|title=Sir Thomas Walker Arnold {{!}} Aligarh Movement|website=aligarhmovement.com|access-date=2016-08-08}}</ref> He was the first English editor for the first edition of ''[[The Encyclopaedia of Islam]]''.<ref name=Iranica/>
 
==Life==
[[File:Brieven van Thomas Walker Arnold (1864-1930) aan Christiaan Snouck Hurgronje (1857-1936) Or. 8952 A 80.pdf|thumb|page=3|Letter to Snouck Hurgronje (1902)]]
Arnold was born on 19 April 1864, and educated at the [[City of London School]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/arnold-sir-thomas-walker-british-orientalist-1864-1930|title=ARNOLD, THOMAS WALKER – Encyclopaedia Iranica|last=electricpulp.com|website=www.iranicaonline.org|access-date=2016-08-08}}</ref> From 1888 he worked as a teacher at the [[Muhammadan Anglo-Oriental College]], [[Aligarh]]. In 1898, he accepted a post as Professor of Philosophy at the [[Government College, Lahore]] and later became Dean of the Oriental Faculty at [[University of the Punjab|Punjab University]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/arnold-sir-thomas-walker-british-orientalist-1864-1930|title=ARNOLD, THOMAS WALKER – Encyclopaedia Iranica|last=electricpulp.com|website=www.iranicaonline.org|access-date=2016-08-08}}</ref> From 1904 to 1909 he was on the staff of the India Office as Assistant Librarian. In 1909 he was appointed Educational Adviser to Indian students in Britain.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.open.ac.uk/researchprojects/makingbritain/content/thomas-w-arnold|title=Thomas W. Arnold {{!}} Making Britain|website=www.open.ac.uk|access-date=2016-08-08}}</ref> From 1917 to 1920 he acted as Adviser to the [[Secretary of State for India]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.goodreads.com/author/show/949681.Thomas_Walker_Arnold|title=Thomas Walker Arnold|website=Goodreads|access-date=2016-08-08}}</ref> He was Professor of Arabic and Islamic Studies at the [[School of Oriental and African Studies|School of Oriental Studies]], [[University of London]], from 1921 to 1930.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/arnold-sir-thomas-walker-british-orientalist-1864-1930|title=ARNOLD, THOMAS WALKER – Encyclopaedia Iranica|last=electricpulp.com|website=www.iranicaonline.org|access-date=2016-08-08}}</ref> Arnold became the first English editor for the first edition of ''[[The Encyclopaedia of Islam]]''.<ref>[http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/arnold-sir-thomas-walker-british-orientalist-1864-1930]</ref>
Thomas Walker Arnold was born in [[Devonport, Plymouth]] on 19 April 1864,<ref name=MakingBritain/> and educated at the [[City of London School]]. From 1888 he worked as a teacher at the [[Muhammadan Anglo-Oriental College]], [[Aligarh]]. In 1892 he married Celia Mary Hickson,<ref name=Iranica/> a niece of [[Theodore Beck]].<ref name=MakingBritain/>
 
In 1898, he accepted a post as Professor of Philosophy at the [[Government College, Lahore]] and later became Dean of the Oriental Faculty at [[University of the Punjab|Punjab University]].<ref name=Iranica/>
He was made Companion of the Order of the Indian Empire in 1912, and in 1921 was given a [[Knighthood]]. He married Celia Mary Hickson in 1892.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/arnold-sir-thomas-walker-british-orientalist-1864-1930|title=ARNOLD, THOMAS WALKER – Encyclopaedia Iranica|last=electricpulp.com|website=www.iranicaonline.org|access-date=2016-08-08}}</ref> He died on 9 June 1930.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/preachingofislam00arno|title=The preaching of Islam : a history of the propagation of the Muslim faith|last=Arnold|first=Thomas Walker|date=1913-01-01|publisher=London : Constable}}</ref>▼
 
From 1904 to 1909, he was on the staff of the India Office as Assistant Librarian. In 1909 he was appointed Educational Adviser to Indian students in Britain.<ref name=MakingBritain>{{Cite web|url=http://www.open.ac.uk/researchprojects/makingbritain/content/thomas-w-arnold|title=Thomas W. Arnold {{!}} Making Britain|website=open.ac.uk|access-date=2016-08-08}}</ref> From 1917 to 1920 he acted as Adviser to the [[Secretary of State for India]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.goodreads.com/author/show/949681.Thomas_Walker_Arnold|title=Thomas Walker Arnold|website=Goodreads|access-date=2016-08-08}}</ref> He was Professor of Arabic and Islamic Studies at the [[School of Oriental and African Studies|School of Oriental Studies]], [[University of London]], from 1921 to 1930.<ref name=Iranica/>
==Works==▼
*{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=O45CAAAAIAAJ&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false|title=The preaching of Islam: a history of the propagation of the Muslim faith|author=Sir Thomas Walker Arnold|editor=|year=1896|publisher=A. Constable and co.|edition=|location=WESTMINSTER|page=|isbn=|pages=388|accessdate=2011-05-29}}(Original from the University of California)<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://aligarhmovement.com/karwaan_e_aligarh/sir_thomas_walker_arnold|title=Sir Thomas Walker Arnold {{!}} Aligarh Movement|website=aligarhmovement.com|access-date=2016-08-08}}</ref>
* ''The Caliphate'', Oxford 1924, reissued with an additional chapter by Sylvia G. Haim: Routledge and Kegan Paul, London 1965<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.open.ac.uk/researchprojects/makingbritain/content/thomas-w-arnold|title=Thomas W. Arnold {{!}} Making Britain|website=www.open.ac.uk|access-date=2016-08-08}}</ref>
* ''The Old and New Testaments in Muslim Religious Art'' ([[Schweich Lectures]] for 1928)<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/arnold-sir-thomas-walker-british-orientalist-1864-1930|title=ARNOLD, THOMAS WALKER – Encyclopaedia Iranica|last=electricpulp.com|website=www.iranicaonline.org|access-date=2016-08-08}}</ref>
* ''Painting in Islam, A Study of the Place of Pictorial Art in Muslim Culture'' (1928, reprint ed. 1965).<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/arnold-sir-thomas-walker-british-orientalist-1864-1930|title=ARNOLD, THOMAS WALKER – Encyclopaedia Iranica|last=electricpulp.com|website=www.iranicaonline.org|access-date=2016-08-08}}</ref>
 
▲HeArnold was madeinvested as a Companion of the [[Order of the Indian Empire]] in 1912, and in 1921 was giveninvested as a [[Knighthood|knight]]. He married Celia Mary Hickson in 1892.<ref>{{Cite web|urlname=http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/arnold-sir-thomas-walker-british-orientalist-1864-1930|title=ARNOLD,"Iranica" THOMAS WALKER – Encyclopaedia Iranica|last=electricpulp.com|website=www.iranicaonline.org|access-date=2016-08-08}}</ref> He died on 9 June 1930.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/preachingofislam00arno|title=The preaching of Islam : a history of the propagation of the Muslim faith|last=Arnold|first=Thomas Walker|date=1913-01-01|publisher=London : Constable}}</ref>
==See also==
 
* [[Sir Syed Ahmed Khan]]
▲==Works==
* [[Muhammad Iqbal|Muhammad Iqbal]]
* {{cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/preachingislama00arnogoog|title=The preaching of Islam: a history of the propagation of the Muslim faith|year=1896|publisher=[[Constable & Robinson|A. Constable and co.]]|location=Westminster|access-date=2011-05-29}}
* [[Syed Sulaiman Nadvi]]
* (trans. and ed.) ''[[Little Flowers of St. Francis|The little flowers of Saint Francis]]'' by [[Francis of Assisi]]. London: [[J.M. Dent]], 1898.
* [[Shibli Nomani]]
* ''The Court Painters of the Grand Moghuls''. Oxford: [[Oxford University Press]], 1921.
* [[List of Old Citizens]]
* ''The Caliphate''. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1924. Reissued with an additional chapter by Sylvia G. Haim: [[Routledge and Kegan Paul]], London 1965.
* ''Painting in Islam, A Study of the Place of Pictorial Art in Muslim Culture''. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1928. Reprint ed. 1965.
* ''Bihzad and his Paintings in the Zafar-namah ms''. London: [[B. Quaritch]], 1930.
* (with Alfred Guillaume) ''The Legacy of Islam''. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1931.
* ''The Old and New Testaments in Muslim Religious Art''. London: Pub. for the British Academy by [[Humphrey Sumner Milford|H. Milford]], Oxford University Press. [[Schweich Lectures]] for 1928.
 
==References==
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==External links==
*[http://www.aim25.ac.uk/cgi-bin/search2?coll_id=171&inst_id=19 Arnold, Sir Thomas Walker] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080509021122/http://www.aim25.ac.uk/cgi-bin/search2?coll_id=171&inst_id=19 |date=9 May 2008 }}, School of Oriental and African Studies: home page
*[http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/arnold-sir-thomas-walker-british-orientalist-1864-1930 Sir Thomas Walker] entry in [[Encyclopaedia Iranica]]
* The Archive of the Council for World Mission is held at the [[School of Oriental and African Studies]], London. [http://www.soas.ac.uk/library/archives/]
 
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2012}}
{{Authority control}}
 
{{DEFAULTSORT:Arnold, Thomas Walker}}
[[Category:1864 births]]
[[Category:1930 deaths]]
[[Category:PeopleAcademic connectedstaff withof PlymouthAligarh Muslim University]]
[[Category:Academic staff of the Government College University, Lahore]]
[[Category:Alumni of Magdalene College, Cambridge]]
[[Category:AligarhBritish Muslimart Universitycritics]]
[[Category:British historians of Islam]]
[[Category:Companions of the Order of the Indian Empire]]
[[Category:English orientalists]]
[[Category:Non-MuslimHistorians Islamicof scholarsIndian art]]
[[Category:Knights Bachelor]]
[[Category:People educated at the City of London School]]
[[Category:GovernmentPeople Collegefrom UniversityDevonport, Lahore facultyPlymouth]]
[[Category:Victorian writers]]
[[Category:19th-century English writers]]
[[Category:20th-century English writers]]
[[Category:Knights20th-century BachelorEnglish male writers]]
▲[[Category:Companions of the Order of the Indian Empire]]
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