Content deleted Content added
cleaned up the infobox |
HeyElliott (talk | contribs) |
||
| (5 intermediate revisions by 5 users not shown) | |||
Line 1:
{{Short description|Athenian general and politician (c. 440 – 388 BC)}}
{{About|the Athenian general|the tyrant of Miletus|Thrasybulus (tyrant)|the tyrant of Syracuse|Thrasybulus of Syracuse}}
{{Infobox military person
Line 10:
| birth_date = {{circa}} 455-441 BC
| death_date = 388 BC (aged 53-67)
| death_place = [[Aspendos]]<br />(modern-day [[Serik]], [[Antalya Province|Antalya]], [[Turkey]])
| battles = {{tree list}}
*[[Peloponnesian War]]
Line 17:
**[[Battle of Cyzicus]]
**[[Battle of Arginusae]]
*[[Phyle Campaign]]
**[[Battle of Phyle]]
**[[Battle of Munychia]]
**[[Battle of Piraeus]]
*[[Corinthian War]]
**[[Battle of Nemea]]
**[[Battle of Coronea (394 BC)|Battle of Coronea]]
{{tree list/end}}
}}
'''Thrasybulus''' ({{IPAc-en|ˌ|θ|r|æ|s|ᵻ|ˈ|b|juː|l|ə|s}}; {{lang-grc-gre|[[wikt:Θρασύβουλος|Θρασύβουλος]]}} {{transl|grc|Thrasyboulos}}; {{circa|lk=no}} 440 – 388 BC) was an [[Athens|Athenian]] general and [[democracy|democratic]] leader. In 411 BC, in the wake of an [[oligarchy|oligarchic]] coup at Athens, the pro-democracy sailors at [[Samos]] elected him as a general, making him a primary leader of the ultimately successful democratic resistance to the coup. As general, he was responsible for recalling the controversial nobleman [[Alcibiades]] from exile, and the two worked together extensively over the next several years. In 411 and 410, Thrasybulus was in command along with Alcibiades and others at several critical Athenian naval victories.
Line 26 ⟶ 31:
==Personal life and early career==
Almost nothing is known of Thrasybulus's background or early life. His father was named Lycus,<ref>[[Thucydides]], ''[[History of the Peloponnesian War|The Peloponnesian War]]'' [[s:History of the Peloponnesian War/Book 8#8:75|8.75.2]]</ref> and he was a native of the [[deme]] of Steiria in Athens.<ref name="ReferenceA">[[Xenophon]], ''[[Hellenica]]'' [[s:Hellenica (Xenophon)/Book 4/Chapter 8|4.8]]</ref> He was probably born between 455 and 441 BC, although dates as late as the later 430s BC have been suggested. He was married, and had two children. Several facts make it clear that he was from a wealthy family; he held the office of [[trierarch]],<ref>Thucydides, ''The Peloponnesian War'' [[s:History of the Peloponnesian War/Book 8#8:73|8.73.4]]</ref> which involved significant personal expenditures on several occasions, and in the 4th century BC his son was able to pay a substantial fine of 10 [[Attic talent|talents]].<ref>[[Demosthenes]], ''On the False Embassy'' [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0072&layout=&loc=19.280 280]</ref>
By 411 Thrasybulus had established a reputation as a pro-democracy politician. Throughout his career, Thrasybulus consistently advocated several policies. He was a proponent of Athenian imperialism and expansionism and a strong supporter of [[Pericles|Periclean]] democracy. According to [[Demosthenes]], Thrasybulus was one of the "great and distinguished orators."<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.01.0072:speech=18:section=219&highlight=cephalus|title = Demosthenes, on the Crown, section 219}}</ref> [[Plutarch]] notes that he had "the loudest voice of the Athenians."<ref>[[Plutarch]], [http://classics.mit.edu/Plutarch/alcibiad.html Life of Alcibiades]</ref> And the Athenian general [[Conon]] described Thrasybulus as a man who was "bold in counsel."<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0060%3Abook%3D2%3Achapter%3D23%3Asection%3D29|title = Aristotle, Rhetoric, book 2, chapter 23, section 29}}</ref> During his period of prominence within the democracy, he seems to have led what might now be termed a [[Populism|populist]] faction.
Line 81 ⟶ 86:
The second-century travel writer [[Pausanias (geographer)|Pausanias]] called Thrasybulus "the greatest of all famous Athenians" for overthrowing the Thirty as well as his other exploits, making clear that he thought him greater than even Pericles.<ref>[http://www.theoi.com/Text/Pausanias1B.html Pausanias, ''Description of Greece'', paragraph 1.29.3]</ref>
Thus Thrasybulus won praise as an Athenian patriot and staunch, principled democrat. He has been criticized by modern historians, however, for failing to recognize that Athens in the 4th century BC could not sustain an imperial policy.<ref>Henry Dickinson Westlake and Simon Hornblower, "Thrasybulus
Thrasybulus was a capable general, particularly successful in naval warfare, and a competent speaker,{{cn|date=December 2020}} but was frequently overshadowed or pushed aside by more charismatic or spectacularly successful leaders.{{cn|date=December 2020}} Buck has compared him to Winston Churchill, another advocate of imperial policies who held fast to his beliefs after the tide of history had turned against him, and who rose to his peak of prominence at his country's darkest hour.{{cn|date=December 2020}} Throughout his two decades of prominence, whether in or out of leadership, Thrasybulus remained a steady advocate of traditional Athenian imperial democracy, and he died fighting for the same cause he was advocating on his first appearance in 411.{{cn|date=December 2020}}
| |||