|
|region =[[Southeast Asia]], [[East Asia]], [[South Asia]]
|familycolor=Sino-Tibetan
|protoname=[[Proto-Tibeto-BurmeseBurman language|Proto-Tibeto-BurmeseBurman]]
|child1 =''[[Gongduk language|Gongduk]]'', ''[[Lhokpu language|Lhokpu]]'', ''[['Ole language|'Ole]]'', ''[[Lepcha language|Lepcha]]'', [[Tani languages|Tani]]
|child2 ='''[[Tibeto-Kanauri languages|Western]]''': [[Bodish languages|Bodish]], ''[[Tshangla language|Tshangla]]'', [[Tamangic languages|Tamangic]], [[West Himalayish languages|West Himalayish]], [[Greater Magaric languages|Greater Magaric]], [[Newaric language|Newaric]], [[Kiranti languages|Kiranti]]
|child3 ='''[[Central Tibeto-BurmeseBurman languages|Central]]''': [[Sal languages|Sal]], ''[[Pyu language (Burma)|Pyu]]'', [[Kuki-Chin–Naga languages|Kuki-Chin–Naga]] ([[Ao languages|Ao]], [[Angami–Pochuri languages|Angami–Pochuri]], ''[[Meitei language|Meitei]]'', [[Tangkhulic languages|Tangkhulic]], [[Zeme languages|Zeme]], [[Kuki-Chin-Mizo languages|Kuki-Chin-Mizo]], ''[[Karbi language|Karbi]]''), [[Mruic languages|Mruic]], ''[[Miju languages|Miju]]''
|child4 ='''Eastern''': [[Burmo-Qiangic languages|Burmo-Qiangic]], [[Karenic languages|Karenic]], [[Nungish languages|Nungish]], ''[[Tujia language|Tujia]]''
|child5 ='''Dubious as TB''': [[Digaro languages|Digaro]], [[Hrusish languages|Hrusish]], [[Kho-Bwa languages|Kho-Bwa]], ''[[Puroik language|Puroik]]'', [[Siangic languages|Siangic]], [[Miju languages|Miju]]
{{col-end}}
}}
The '''Tibeto-BurmeseBurman languages''' are the non-[[Sinitic languages|Sinitic]] members of the [[Sino-Tibetan languages|Sino-Tibetan language family]], over 400 of which are spoken throughout the [[Southeast Asian Massif]] ("Zomia") as well as parts of [[East Asia]] and [[South Asia]]. Around 60 million people speak Tibeto-BurmeseBurman languages.<ref>{{cite book | title = Ethnologue: Languages of the World
| editor-given1 = David M. | editor-surname1 = Eberhard
| editor-given2 = Gary F. | editor-surname2 = Simons
}}</ref> The name derives from the most widely spoken of these languages, [[Burmese language|Burmese]] and the [[Tibetic languages]], which also have extensive literary traditions, dating from the 12th and 7th centuries respectively. Most of the other languages are spoken by much smaller communities, and many of them have not been described in detail.
Though the division of Sino-Tibetan into Sinitic and Tibeto-Burmese Burman branches (e.g. Benedict, Matisoff) is widely used, some [[historical linguist]]s criticize this classification, as the non-Sinitic Sino-Tibetan languages lack any [[shared innovation]]s in [[phonology]] or [[Morphology (linguistics)|morphology]]<ref>{{cite book|last=Guillaume |first=Jacques|chapter=The Tangut Kinship System in Qiangic Perspective|title=Medieval Tibeto-BurmeseBurman Languages IV|date=2012|editor-first=Nathan|editor-last=Hill|page=215}}</ref> to show that they comprise a [[clade]] of the [[phylogenetic tree]].{{sfnp|Handel|2008|p=431}}<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Guillaume |first=Jacques|title=A shared suppletive pattern in the pronominal systems of Chang Naga and Southern Qiang|journal=Cahiers de Linguistique Asie Orientale|date=2007|volume=36|issue=1|page=2|url=https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00200873v2/document}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|chapter=The origins of Sinitic|title=Increased Empiricism: Recent advances in Chinese Linguistics|first=Scott|last= DeLancey|editor-last=Zhuo|editor-first=Jing-Schmidt|page=74|publisher=John Benjamins|date=2013}}</ref>
==History==
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