Content deleted Content added
mNo edit summary |
→Trial: the government had just been overthrown, old laws were no longer in effect |
||
Line 39:
Nicolae and Elena Ceaușescu were convicted of all charges and condemned to death in what amounted to a [[show trial]].<ref name=impreuna /> At one point, their forcibly-assigned lawyers abandoned their clients' [[legal defense|defence]] and joined with the [[prosecutor]], accusing them of [[capital crime]]s instead of defending them.<ref name=ceausescustenogram>[[:s:ro:Stenograma procesului Ceaușescu]], translated at [[:s:Transcript of the closed trial of Nicolae and Elena Ceaușescu]].</ref> No [[offer of proof]] was made for the Ceaușescus' alleged crimes. They were tried based on references, solely by offense-name or [[hearsay]], to criminal acts they had committed in the opinion of prosecutors, or as alleged in press reports.{{clarify|date=January 2020}} Various irregularities presented themselves, or became apparent post-trial:<ref name=impreuna>{{cite web | first=Grigore | last=Cartianu | title=Nicolae si Elena Ceausescu: Impreuna am luptat, sa murim impreuna! | website=adevarul.ro | date=19 December 2009 | url=https://adevarul.ro/news/societate/nicolae-elena-ceausescu-Impreuna-luptat-murim-impreuna-1_50ad82ad7c42d5a663967ee4/index.html | language=ro | access-date=17 October 2019}}</ref><ref name=ceausescustenogram />
* The trial was held immediately, without a prior [[criminal investigation]].<ref name="Avocat Marian Roșca 2012"/>
* The suspects could not choose their own lawyers.<ref name="Avocat Marian Roșca 2012"/>
* An accusation of genocide was never proven. Four top Ceaușescu aides later admitted complicity in genocide in 1990.<ref name="reuters1990" /> [[Pro TV]] stated that there were 860 people killed after 22 December 1989 (i.e. when the dictatorial couple was no longer in charge).<ref>{{youTube|FR7_K3I_l_4|Stirile ProTV i️ 21 Februarie 2020 i️ ora 19 INTEGRAL}} 0:32:39</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://stirileprotv.ro/stiri/actualitate/schimbare-in-dosarul-revolutiei-doua-ministere-ar-putea-fi-obligate-sa-acorde-despagubiri.html|title=Schimbare în Dosarul Revoluției. Două ministere ar putea fi obligate să acorde despăgubiri|website=Stirileprotv.ro|date=12 June 2020}}</ref> Another source gives the figure of 306 people killed 17–22 December 1989.<ref>Valentin Marin. ''Martirii Revoluției în date statistice'' Editura Institului Revoluției Române, Bucharest, 2010, p. 22</ref>▼
* The court did not attempt to find and prove the truth.<ref name="Avocat Marian Roșca 2012"/> There was no file of evidence presented to the court.<ref name="Antoniu 2019">{{cite web | last=Antoniu | first=Gabriela | title=Interviu integral – "Marius Tucă Show". Gen. C-tin Lucescu, despre procesul Ceauşeştilor: Nu a existat niciun fel de dosar. Nu am ştiut nici eu, nici procurorul | website=Mediafax.ro | date=27 November 2019 | url=https://www.mediafax.ro/marius-tuca-show/interviu-integral-marius-tuca-show-gen-c-tin-lucescu-despre-procesul-ceausestilor-nu-a-existat-niciun-fel-de-dosar-nu-am-stiut-nici-eu-nici-procurorul-18621319 | language=ro | access-date=28 November 2019}}</ref>
▲* An accusation of genocide was never proven. Four top Ceaușescu aides later admitted complicity in genocide in 1990.<ref name="reuters1990" /> [[Pro TV]] stated that there were 860 people killed after 22 December 1989 (i.e. when the dictatorial couple was no longer in charge).<ref>{{youTube|FR7_K3I_l_4|Stirile ProTV i️ 21 Februarie 2020 i️ ora 19 INTEGRAL}} 0:32:39</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://stirileprotv.ro/stiri/actualitate/schimbare-in-dosarul-revolutiei-doua-ministere-ar-putea-fi-obligate-sa-acorde-despagubiri.html|title=Schimbare în Dosarul Revoluției. Două ministere ar putea fi obligate să acorde despăgubiri|website=Stirileprotv.ro|date=12 June 2020}}</ref> Another source gives the figure of 306 people killed 17–22 December 1989.<ref>Valentin Marin. ''Martirii Revoluției în date statistice'' Editura Institului Revoluției Române, Bucharest, 2010, p. 22</ref>
* The Ceaușescus were accused of having $1 billion in foreign [[bank account]]s. No such accounts have ever been found.<ref name=impreuna/><ref name=ceausescustenogram />
* The judges' [[verdict]] allowed for [[appeal]]ing to a [[appellate court|higher court]]. The Ceaușescus were executed a few minutes after the verdict, rendering that provision moot.<ref name=impreuna/><ref name=ceausescustenogram /><ref name="Avocat Marian Roșca 2012">{{cite web | title=Procese, cazuri celebre- Procesul sotilor Ceausescu. Aspecte de teorie si practica judiciara. Cel mai controversat proces romanesc | website=Avocat Marian Roșca | date=20 October 2012 | url=http://www.avoconsult.ro/procese-cazuri-celebre-procesul-sotilor-ceausescu-aspecte-de-teorie-si-practica-judiciara-cel-mai-controversat-proces-romanesc.html | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121020020554/http://www.avoconsult.ro/procese-cazuri-celebre-procesul-sotilor-ceausescu-aspecte-de-teorie-si-practica-judiciara-cel-mai-controversat-proces-romanesc.html | archive-date=20 October 2012 | url-status=dead | language=ro | access-date=17 October 2019}}</ref>
* The coup leaders said the execution of the Ceaușescus was necessary to stop [[terrorist]]s from attacking the new political order. No terrorists or [[terrorist cell]]s were found to have been active in Romania.<ref>R.M. [http://revistapresei.hotnews.ro/stiri-radio_tv-8145193-dan-voinea-nu-existat-teroristi-decembrie-39-89-sotii-ceausescu-fost-ucisi-pentru-salva-administratia-comunista-care-dureaza-azi.htm Dan Voinea: Nu au existat teroristi in decembrie '89. Sotii Ceausescu au fost ucisi pentru a salva administratia comunista, care dureaza si azi] Hotnews.ro</ref> A newer insight of prosecution of "crimes against humanity" claims that the new regime orchestrated "a psychosis of terrorism" through diversionary actions.<ref name="Capital 2019">{{cite web | first=Valentin | last=Vioreanu | title=Lovitură cumplită pentru Ion Iliescu! Ce au decis judecătorii | website=Capital | date=9 October 2019 | url=https://www.capital.ro/breaking-news-lovitura-cumplita-pentru-ion-iliescu-ce-au-decis-judecatorii.html | language=ro | access-date=17 October 2019}}</ref>
==Execution==
|