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== Definition ==
The word "tribe" can be defined to mean an extended kin group or [[clan]] with a common ancestor, or can also be described as a group who share the common interest of mutual survival and preservation of a common culture. The proverb "[[wikt:birds of a feather flock together|birds of a feather flock together]]" describes [[homophily]],<ref>{{cite magazine |magazine=[[Foreign Affairs]] |first=Niall |last=Ferguson |quote=At the same time, birds of a feather flock together. Because of the phenomenon known as
In terms of [[conformity]],<ref>Dictionary definitions of Tribalism:
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20130619002902/http://oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/tribalism?q=tribalism Definition of tribalism] – Oxford dictionary;
* [http://www.macmillandictionary.com/dictionary/british/tribalism Definition of tribalism] – Macmillan dictionary;
* [https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/tribalism Definition of tribalism] – Merriam-Webster dictionary</ref> the word "tribalism" has been co-opted and stripped of its original meaning, and has been defined as a "subjectivity" or "way of being" social frame in which communities are bound socially beyond immediate birth ties by the dominance of various modalities of face-to-face and object integration.<ref>{{cite book |last=James |first=Paul |author-link=Paul James (academic) |title=Globalism, Nationalism, Tribalism: Bringing Theory Back In |url= https://www.academia.edu/1642214 |year=2006 |publisher= Sage Publications |location=London|pages=325–326}}</ref> Ontologically, tribalism is oriented around the valences of analogy, genealogy and mythology. That means that customary tribes have their social foundations in some variation of these tribal orientations, while often taking on traditional practices (e.g. [[Abrahamic religions]] such as [[Christianity]], [[Judaism]], and [[Islam]]), and modern practices, including monetary exchange, mobile communications, and modern education.<ref>[[Paul James (academic)|James, Paul]]; et al., ''[http://www.uhpress.hawaii.edu/p-8630-9780824836405.aspx Sustainable Communities, Sustainable Development]: Other Paths for Papua New Guinea'' (2012); [https://www.academia.edu/3230875/Sustainable_Communities_Sustainable_Development_Other_Paths_for_Papua_New_Guinea_author_with_Nadarajah_Stead_and_Have_University_of_Hawaii_Press_Honolulu_2012
▲the word "tribalism" has been co-opted and stripped of its original meaning, and has been defined as a "subjectivity" or "way of being" social frame in which communities are bound socially beyond immediate birth ties by the dominance of various modalities of face-to-face and object integration.<ref>{{cite book |last=James |first=Paul |author-link=Paul James (academic) |title=Globalism, Nationalism, Tribalism: Bringing Theory Back In |url= https://www.academia.edu/1642214 |year=2006 |publisher= Sage Publications |location=London|pages=325–326}}</ref> Ontologically, tribalism is oriented around the valences of analogy, genealogy and mythology. That means that customary tribes have their social foundations in some variation of these tribal orientations, while often taking on traditional practices (e.g. [[Abrahamic religions]] such as [[Christianity]], [[Judaism]], and [[Islam]]), and modern practices, including monetary exchange, mobile communications, and modern education.<ref>[[Paul James (academic)|James, Paul]]; et al., ''[http://www.uhpress.hawaii.edu/p-8630-9780824836405.aspx Sustainable Communities, Sustainable Development]: Other Paths for Papua New Guinea'' (2012) [https://www.academia.edu/3230875/Sustainable_Communities_Sustainable_Development_Other_Paths_for_Papua_New_Guinea_author_with_Nadarajah_Stead_and_Have_University_of_Hawaii_Press_Honolulu_2012 pdf]</ref>
Tribalism in a political sense refers to the strong political solidarity typical of [[post-truth politics]].<ref name="NJ119">{{cite journal |author1=Daniel L. Shapiro |author2=Mikhaila Fogel |title=Tribalism in the Trump Era: The Societal Resilience Index |journal=Negotiation Journal |date=January 2019 |volume=35|issue=1|pages=235–241 |doi=10.1111/nejo.12281 |url=https://inp.harvard.edu/files/internationalnegotiation/files/tribalisminthetrumpera.pdf |access-date=January 23, 2023 |publisher=Harvard University |s2cid=149860562 |s2cid-access=free |issn=1571-9979 |quote=Tribalism dramatically affects the psychology of a populace. When a group enters this divisive mindset, they experience the
== Social structure ==
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* {{cite web |url=http://www.hartford-hwp.com/archives/30/065.html |title=Tribalism in Africa |first1=Stephen |last1=Isabirye |first2=Muzi |last2=Dlamini |first3=Joel |last3=Vignon |date=April 1995 |website=World History Archives |publisher=Hartford Web Publishing }}
* {{cite web |url=http://www.irinnews.org/Report.aspx?ReportId=76159 |title=Kenya: It's the economy, stupid (not just "tribalism") |website=[[The New Humanitarian|IRIN]] |date=9 January 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111227120146/http://www.irinnews.org:80/Report.aspx?ReportId=76159 |archive-date= Dec 27, 2011 }}
* [[Steven Pressfield]], [<!-- The current version of this URL links to different content -->https://web.archive.org/web/20100516030351/http://www.stevenpressfield.com/vblog/ ''It's the Tribes, Stupid''] (five part video series)
{{Ethnicity}}
{{Authority control}}
[[Category:Forms of government]]
[[Category:Group processes]]
[[Category:Political science theories]]
[[Category:
[[Category:Tribes]]
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