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United States occupation of the Dominican Republic (1916–1924): Difference between revisions

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{{short description|Occupation of the Dominican Republic by the United States from 1916–1924}}
 
{{Infobox country
{{infobox former subdivision
| native_name = ''Gobierno militar estadounidense en República Dominicana''
|native_name = {{native name|es|Territorio estadounidense de Santo Domingo}}<br/>{{native name|en|Millitary Goverment of Santo Domingo}}
| conventional_long_name = United States Military Government in the Dominican Republic
|conventional_long_name =Territorio de Santo Domingo
| era = [[Modern Era]]
|era =[[Modern Era]]
| status = Administered territory of the [[United States]]
|common_name =Territory of San Domingo
| government_type = [[Military occupation|Military Government]]|
|subdivision = [[Territory|Territory]]
| year_start = 1916
|nation year_end =[[The United = 1924States]]
|government_type = [[United States|Millitary Government]]
| event_start =
|demonym =[[people of Dominican Republic|Dominican]]
| date_start = May, 15
|event_star =
| event_end =
|date_start =
| date_end =
|year_start =1916
| event1 =
| date_event1 event_end =
| event2 date_end =
| date_event2 year_end = 1924
|image_flag =US occupied DR.png
| event3 =
|flag_type =Flag of US occupied Dominican Republic
| date_event3 =
|image_coat =Seal US occupied DR.png
| event4 =
|symbol_type = [[Seal]]
| date_event4 =
|image_map = Haiti and Santo Domingo inset map (1921).jpg
| event_pre =
|image_map_caption =Santo Domingo (To the Right)
| date_pre =
|capital =[[Santo Domingo]]
| event_post =
|leader1 =[[Harry Shepard Knapp|Harry Shepard Knapp]]
| date_post =
|leader2 =[[Edwin Anderson Jr]]
| p1 = Second Dominican Republic
|year_leader1 =1916-1917 (First)
| flag_p1 = Flag of the Dominican First Republic.svg
|year_leader2 =1917-1924 (Last)
| p2 =
|title_leader =[[United States|Millitary-Governor]]
| flag_p2 =
|anthem = ''[[Hail, Columbia|Salve, Columbia]]''<br/>"Hail, Columbia"<br/>{{center|[[File:Four Ruffles and Flourishes and Hail Columbia.ogg]]}}
| p3 =
|motto = ''[[E Pluribus Unum]]''<br/>"Out of Many, One"
| flag_p3 =
|today =[[Dominican Republic]]}}
| p4 =
 
| flag_p4 =
 
| p5 =
| flag_p5 =
| s1 = Dominican Republic
| flag_s1 = Flag of the Dominican Republic.svg
| s2 =
| flag_s2 =
| s3 =
| flag_s43 =
| s4 =
| flag_s4 =
| image_flag = Civil Ensign of the Dominican Republic.svg
| flag = Flag of the Dominican Republic
| flag_type = Flag
| image_coat = Greater coat of arms of the United States.svg
| symbol = Great Seal of the United States
| symbol_type = Coat of arms
| image_map = Haiti and Santo Domingo inset map (1921).jpg
| image_map_caption = Map of Santo Domingo (1921)
| capital = [[Santo Domingo]]
| capital_exile =
| national_motto = ''[[E Pluribus Unum]]''<br/>"Out of Many, One"
| national_anthem = ''[[Hail, Columbia|Salve, Columbia]]''<br/>"Hail, Columbia"<br/>{{center|[[File:Four Ruffles and Flourishes and Hail Columbia.ogg]]}}
| common_languages = [[Spanish language|Spanish]], [[English language|English]]
| religion = [[Catholic religion|Catholic]]
| currency = [[US Dollar|Dollar]]
| title_leader = [[List of colonial governors of Cuba|Military-Governor]]
| leader1 = [[Harry Shepard Knapp|Harry Shepard Knapp]]
| leader2 = [[Edwin Anderson Jr]]
| leader3 =
| year_leader1 = 1916–1917
| year_leader2 = 1917–1924
| year_leader3 =
| legislature =
| house1 =
| type_house1 =
| house2 =
| type_house2 =
| footnotes = <!--- Accepts wikilinks --->
| today = [[Dominican Republic]]
| demonym = Dominican
| population_estimate = 1,000,000
| area_km2 =
| area_rank =
| GDP_PPP =
| GDP_PPP_year =
| HDI =
| HDI_year =
}}
 
The first ''' United States occupation of the Dominican Republic''' lasted from 1916 to 1924. It aimed to force the Dominicans to repay their large debts to European creditors, whose governments threatened military intervention. On May 13, 1916,<ref name=klapppn>{{cite web|url=https://onwar.com/data/usdominican1917.html |title=USA Dominican Republic Resistance 1917–1921 |publisher=The Dupuy Institute |date=December 16, 2000 |access-date=June 29, 2014}}</ref> [[Rear admiral (United States)|Rear Admiral]] [[William Banks Caperton|William B. Caperton]] forced the [[Dominican Republic]]'s Secretary of War [[Desiderio Arias]], who had seized power from President [[Juan Isidro Jimenes Pereyra]], to leave [[Santo Domingo]] by threatening the city with naval bombardment.<ref name=klapppn /> The Marines landed three days later and established effective control of the country within two months. Three major roads were built, largely for military purposes, connecting for the first time the capital with Santiago in the Cibao, Azua in the west, and San Pedro de Macorís in the east; and the system of [[forced labor]] used by the Americans in [[United States occupation of Haiti|Haiti]] was absent in the Dominican Republic.<ref>Hispanic American Report 14, no. 7 (Sept. 1961), p. 608.</ref>
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