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Xenomorph: Difference between revisions

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{{Short description|TitularFictional antagonistextraterrestrial ofspecies from the Alien film series}}
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The '''xenomorph''' (also known as a '''''Xenomorph XX121''''' or '''''Internecivus raptus''''', and simply '''the alien''' or '''the creature'''{{Efn|Common term before the xenomorph crossed over into other universes, such as that of Predator}})<ref name=WYreport>Alien: The Weyland-Yutani Report</ref><ref>Alien: Sea of Sorrows</ref><ref name="A2">{{Cite AV media|people=[[Dan O'Bannon]] and [[Ronald Shusett]] (writers) and [[James Cameron]] (director)|title=''[[Aliens (film)|Aliens]]''|medium=DVD|publisher=[[20th Century Fox]]|date=1986}}</ref><ref name="A3">{{Cite AV media|people=[[Vincent Ward (director)|Vincent Ward]] (writer) and [[David Fincher]] (director)|title=''[[Alien 3]]''|medium=DVD|publisher=[[20th Century Fox]]|date=1992}}</ref> is a fictional [[parasitoid|endoparasitoid]] [[Extraterrestrials in fiction|extraterrestrial]] [[species]] that serves as the title [[antagonist]] of the [[Alien (franchise)|''Alien'']] and ''[[Alien vs. Predator]]'' franchises. The species made its debut in the film ''[[Alien (film)|Alien]]'' (1979) and reappeared in the sequels ''[[Aliens (film)|Aliens]]'' (1986), ''[[Alien 3]]'' (1992), ''[[Alien Resurrection]]'' (1997), and ''[[Alien: Romulus]]'' (2024). The species returns in the prequel series, first with a predecessor in ''[[Prometheus (2012 film)|Prometheus]]'' (2012) and a further evolved form in ''[[Alien: Covenant]]'' (2017),<ref>{{Cite book|last=Gaska|first=Andrew E. C.|title=Alien: The Roleplaying Game|publisher=Free League Publishing|year=2019|pages=284}}</ref> and the 2019 short films ''[[Alien: Containment]]'', ''[[Alien: Specimen|Specimen]]'', ''[[Alien: Night Shift|Night Shift]]'', ''[[Alien: Ore|Ore]]'', ''[[Alien: Harvest|Harvest]]'', and ''[[Alien: Alone|Alone]]''. It also featured in the [[Alien vs. Predator (franchise)|crossover]] films ''[[Alien vs. Predator (film)|Alien vs. Predator]]'' (2004) and ''[[Aliens vs. Predator: Requiem]]'' (2007), with the skull and tail of one of the creatures respectively appearing briefly in ''[[Predator 2]]'' (1990), ''[[Predator: Concrete Jungle]]'' (2005), ''[[Predators (film)|Predators]]'' (2010), and ''[[The Predator (film)|The Predator]]'' (2018), as a protagonist (named '''6''') in the video game ''[[Aliens vs. Predator (2010 video game)|Aliens vs. Predator]]'' (2010), and will return in the upcoming [[FX (international)|FX]] television series ''[[Alien: Earth]]'' (2025). In addition, the xenomorph appears in various literature and video game spin-offs from the franchises.
 
The species made its debut in the film ''[[Alien (film)|Alien]]'' (1979) and reappeared in the sequels ''[[Aliens (film)|Aliens]]'' (1986), ''[[Alien 3]]'' (1992), ''[[Alien Resurrection]]'' (1997), and ''[[Alien: Romulus]]'' (2024). The species returns in the prequel series, first with a predecessor in ''[[Prometheus (2012 film)|Prometheus]]'' (2012) and a further evolved form in ''[[Alien: Covenant]]'' (2017),<ref>{{Cite book|last=Gaska|first=Andrew E. C.|title=Alien: The Roleplaying Game|publisher=Free League Publishing|year=2019|pages=284}}</ref> and the 2019 short films ''[[Alien: Containment]]'', ''[[Alien: Specimen|Specimen]]'', ''[[Alien: Night Shift|Night Shift]]'', ''[[Alien: Ore|Ore]]'', ''[[Alien: Harvest|Harvest]]'', and ''[[Alien: Alone|Alone]]''. It also featured in the [[Alien vs. Predator (franchise)|crossover]] films ''[[Alien vs. Predator (film)|Alien vs. Predator]]'' (2004) and ''[[Aliens vs. Predator: Requiem]]'' (2007), with the skull and tail of one of the creatures respectively appearing briefly in ''[[Predator 2]]'' (1990), ''[[Predator: Concrete Jungle]]'' (2005), ''[[Predators (film)|Predators]]'' (2010), and ''[[The Predator (film)|The Predator]]'' (2018), as a protagonist (named '''6''') in the video game ''[[Aliens vs. Predator (2010 video game)|Aliens vs. Predator]]'' (2010), and will return in the upcoming [[FX (international)|FX]] television series ''[[Alien: Earth]]'' (2025). In addition, the xenomorph appears in various literature and video game spin-offs from the franchises.
 
The xenomorph's design is credited to [[Swiss (nationality)|Swiss]] surrealist and artist [[H. R. Giger]], originating in a [[lithograph]] titled ''Necronom IV'' and refined for the series's first film, ''Alien''. The practical effects for the xenomorph's head were designed and constructed by [[Italian people|Italian]] special effects designer [[Carlo Rambaldi]]. Species design and life cycle have been extensively augmented, sometimes inconsistently, throughout each film.