can: difference between revisions

{{also|Appendix:Variations of "can"}}

==English==

{{wikipedia|Can (verb)}}

===Etymology 1===

{{root|en|ine-pro|*ǵneh₃-}}

 

====Alternative forms====

* {{qualifier|stressed}}

** {{enPR|kăn}}

* {{qualifier|unstressed}}

 

====Pronunciation notes====

 

# {{lb|en|auxiliary|_|verb|defective}} To know how to; to be [[able]] to.

#* {{quote-text|en|year=1449|author=w:Reginald Pecock|title=Represser of over-much weeting [blaming] of the Clergie

|passage=prouyng which eny clerk '''can''' or woel or mai make bi eny maner euydence of resoun or of Scripture, and namelich of resoun into the contrarie.}}

#* {{RQ:Shakespeare Cymbeline|II|ii|passage=If thou '''canst''' awake by four o' the clock, / I prithee call me. Sleep hath seized me wholly.}}

# {{lb|en|modal|_|auxiliary|_|verb|defective|informal}} [[May]]; to be permitted or enabled to.

# {{lb|en|modal auxiliary verb, defective}} To have the [[potential]] to; be [[possible]].

#* {{quote-book|en|year=2009|author=Annette Sym|title=Simply Too Good to be True|publisher=Greenleaf Book Group|isbn=9780957716179|page=4|passage=Teenagers '''can''' be so cruel, and nicknames cut deep.}}

# {{lb|en|obsolete|transitive}} To [[know]].

#* ca.'''1360-1387''', {{w|William Langland}}, ''{{w|Piers Plowman}}''

#*: I '''can''' rimes of Robin Hood.

* The use of ''can'' in asking permission sometimes is criticized as being impolite or incorrect by those who favour the more formal alternative ''“may I...?”''.

* ''Can'' is sometimes used rhetorically to issue a command, placing the command in the form of a request. For instance, ''“Can you hand me that pen?”'' as a polite substitution for ''“Hand me that pen.”''

 

=====Conjugation=====

 

=====Derived terms=====

|can do with|as best as one can|can not|can too|can wait|the strong do what they can and the weak suffer what they must|unable to can

|can haz

=====Translations=====

{{trans-top|to be able to}}{{multitrans|data=

* Albanian: {{tt+|sq|mund}}, {{tt+|sq|mundem}}

* American Sign Language: {{tt|ase|S@Sternumhigh-PalmDown-S@Sternumhigh-PalmDown S@Chesthigh-PalmDown-S@Chesthigh-PalmDown}}

* Arabic: {{tt+|ar|قَدَرَ}}, {{tt+|ar|اِسْتَطَاعَ}}, {{tt|ar|أَمْكَنَ}}

* Aragonese: {{tt+|an|poder}}

* Armenian: {{tt+|hy|կարողանալ}}, {{qualifier|Western Armenian}} {{tt+|hy|կրնալ}}

* Breton: {{tt+|br|gallout}}

* Bulgarian: {{tt+|bg|мо́га|impf}}, {{tt+|bg|уме́я|impf}}

* Catalan: {{tt+|ca|poder}}, {{tt+|ca|poguer}}

* Chinese:

*: Hokkien: {{tt+|nan-hbl|會得|tr=ē-tit}}, {{tt+|nan-hbl|會當|tr=ē-tàng}}, {{tt|nan-hbl|會凍|tr=ē-tàng}}

*: Mandarin: {{tt+|cmn|會|tr=huì}}, {{tt+|cmn|能|tr=néng}}, {{qualifier|the ability/inability to achieve a result is expressed with various verb complements, e.g. {{tt+|cmn|得了|tr=-deliǎo}}/{{tt+|cmn|不了|tr=-buliǎo}}}}, {{tt+|cmn|能夠|tr=nénggòu}}

* Dalmatian: {{tt|dlm|potar}}

* Danish: {{tt+|da|kunne}}

* Esperanto: {{tt+|eo|povi}}

* Estonian: {{tt|et|oskama}}, {{tt+|et|võima}}

* Hebrew: {{tt+|he|יכול|m|tr=yakhól|alt=יכול / יָכֹל}}, {{tt|he|מסוגל|m|tr=m'sugál|alt=מסוגל / מְסֻגָּל}}

* Hindi: {{tt+|hi|सकना}}, {{tt|hi|समर्थ होना}}

* Icelandic: {{tt+|is|geta}}

* Indonesian: {{tt+|id|boleh}}, {{tt+|id|bisa}}

* Kannada: {{tt+|kn|ಬಹುದು}}

* Korean: {{tt+|ko|수|alt=...을/ᄅ 수 있다|tr=...-(eu)l su itda}}

* Lao: {{tt|lo|ໄດ້}}

* Latvian: {{tt+|lv|prast}}, {{tt+|lv|spēt}}, {{tt+|lv|varēt}}

* Lithuanian: {{tt+|lt|galėti}}

* Luxembourgish: {{tt+|lb|kënnen}}

* Macedonian: {{tt|mk|може}}

* Malayalam: {{tt|ml|കഴിയും}}

* Maltese: {{tt|mt|seta'}}

* Manx: {{tt|gv|jarg}}

* Mongolian: {{tt+|mn|чадах}}, {{tt|mn|ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠬᠤ}}

* Nahuatl: {{tt|nah|huelīti}}

* Turkish: {{tt+|tr|-ebilmek}}, {{tt+|tr|-abilmek}}

* Ukrainian: {{tt+|uk|могти́|impf}}, {{tt|uk|змогти́|pf}}; {{qualifier|know how to}} {{tt|uk|вмі́ти|impf}}, {{tt|uk|умі́ти|impf}}, {{tt|uk|зумі́ти|pf}}

* Venetian: {{tt|vec|poder}}

* Vietnamese: {{tt+|vi|có thể}}, {{tt+|vi|được}}

* Walloon: {{tt+|wa|poleur}}, {{tt+|wa|saveur}}, {{tt+|wa|sawè}}

* Welsh: {{tt+|cy|gallu}}, {{tt+|cy|medru}}

* Ido: {{tt+|io|povar}}

* Italian: {{tt+|it|potere}}

* Lao: {{tt|lo|ອາດຈະ}}

* Latin: {{tt+|la|possum}}, {{qualifier|use the subjunctive tense of the verb that follows}} {{tt+|la|sim}}

* Thai: {{tt+|th|ย่อม}}

* Turkish: {{tt+|tr|-ebilmek}}, {{tt+|tr|-abilmek}}

* Vietnamese: {{tt+|vi|có thể}}, {{tt+|vi|có lẽ}}

* Welsh: {{tt+|cy|cael}}

 

===Etymology 2===

 

====Pronunciation====

 

====Noun====

{{en-noun}}

 

##: {{sense|toilet}} {{synonyms|en|Thesaurus:chamber pot|Thesaurus:toilet}}

##: {{sense|place with a toilet}} {{synonyms|en|Thesaurus:bathroom}}

##* {{RQ:Salinger Catcher|page=35|passage=I didn't have anything special to do, so I went down to the '''can''' and chewed the rag with him while he was shaving.}}

##* '''1977-1980''', [[w:Lou Sullivan|Lou Sullivan]], personal diary, quoted in '''2019''', Ellis Martin, Zach Ozma (editors), ''We Both Laughed In Pleasure''

# {{lb|en|US|slang}} [[buttock|Buttocks]].

# {{lb|en|slang}} [[jail|Jail]] or [[prison]].

#* {{quote-song|en|year=1988|author=[[w:Traveling Wilburys|The Traveling Wilburys]]|title=Tweeter and the Monkey Man|url=|album=The Traveling Wilburys, Vol. 1|text=The undercover cop never liked the Monkey Man / Even back in childhood, he wanted to see him in the '''can'''}}

# {{lb|en|slang|in the plural}} [[headphones|Headphones]].

#* {{RQ:Shakespeare Twelfth Night|act=II|scene=III|passage=SIR ANDREW: Nay, my troth, I know not: but I know, to be up late is to be up late. / SIR TOBY: A false conclusion: I hate it as an unfilled '''can.'''}}

#* {{RQ:Tennyson Poems 1842|volume=II|poem=A Vision of Sin|page=218|passage=Fill the cup and fill the '''can''': / Have a rouse before the morn: / Every minute dies a man, / Every minute one is born.}}

# A [[chimney pot]].

# {{lb|en|slang|in the plural}} An [[E-meter]] used in Scientology auditing.

 

=====Derived terms=====

 

=====Translations=====

* Estonian: {{tt+|et|karp}}

* Faroese: {{tt|fo|blikk|n}}

* French: {{tt+|fr|bidon|m}}, {{tt+|fr|canette|f}}

* Galician: {{tt+|gl|tango|m}}, {{tt+|gl|tanque|m}}, {{tt|gl|canada|f}}, {{tt+|gl|cacharela|f}}

* Indonesian: {{tt+|id|kaleng}}

* Italian: {{tt+|it|lattina|f}}

* Khmer: {{tt|km|កំប៉ង់}}, {{tt+|km|កំប៉ុង}}

* Kikuyu: {{tt|ki|mũkebe|c3}}

* Luxembourgish: {{tt|lb|Béchs|f}}, {{tt|lb|Dous|f}}, {{tt|lb|Biddong|m}}

* Macedonian: {{tt|mk|лименка|f}}

* Maori: {{tt|mi|kēne}}, {{tt|mi|tini}}, {{tt|mi|kēna}}

* Marathi: {{t|mr|कॅन|f}}

*: Nynorsk: {{tt|nn|boks|m}}, {{tt|nn|kanne|f}}

* Persian: {{tt+|fa|قوطی|tr=quti}}

* Portuguese: {{tt+|pt|lata|f}}

* Romanian: {{t+|ro|doză|f}}

* Indonesian: {{tt+|id|kaleng}}

* Italian: {{tt+|it|annaffiatoio|m}}

* Luxembourgish: {{tt+|lb|Géisskan|f}}

* Norwegian:

*: Bokmål: {{tt+|nb|kanne|m|f}}

* Arabic: {{tt|ar|صَفِيحَة|f}}

*: South Levantine Arabic: {{tt|ajp|علبة|f|tr=ʕulbe}}, {{tt|ajp|تنكة|f|tr=tánake}}

* Chinese:

*: Mandarin: {{tt|cmn|[[金屬]][[容器]]|tr=jīnshǔ róngqì}}

* Thai: {{tt+|th|กระป๋อง}}

* Turkish: {{tt|tr|konserve kutusu}}, {{tt|tr|teneke kutu}}

* Yiddish: {{tt|yi|פּושקע|f}}

* Yup'ik: {{tt|esu|paankaq}}

{{checktrans-top}}<!--toilet terms need to be checked for their slang and non-offensive status-->

* Dutch: {{tt+|nl|pot|m}}

* Hungarian: {{tt+|hu|klotyó}}

* Ido: {{t-check|io|buxeto metala}}

* Italian: {{tt+|it|cesso|m}}, {{tt+|it|latrina|f}}

* Malay: {{tt+|ms|tandas}}

* Polish: {{tt+|pl|ubikacja|f}}, {{tt+|pl|kibel|m-in}}, {{tt+|pl|sracz|m-in}}, {{tt+|pl|klop|m-in}}

{{en-verb}}

 

#* {{quote-journal|en|date=2020 December 2|author=Paul Bigland|title=My weirdest and wackiest Rover yet|journal=Rail|pages=67–68|text=My next stop is Oxford, which has also grown with the addition of new platforms to accommodate the Chiltern Railways service to London via [[Bicester]] - although, short sightedly, the planned electrification from Paddington was '''canned'''. Evidence of the volte-face can be seen along the line at places such as [[Radley]], where mast piles are already sunk or lie discarded at the lineside.}}

# {{lb|en|transitive|slang}} To [[shut up]].

#* {{quote-web|en|text=As a result of his refusal, the employee was subsequently '''canned''' in 2015 on the basis of "professional inadequacy" and failing to embody the "party" atmosphere that the consultancy was trying to cultivate.|title=Man wins legal right to be 'boring' at work, gets $3K from company|author=B. Cost|date=2022-11-25|accessdate=2022-11-27|work=New York Post|publisher=NYP Holdings|url=https://nypost.com/2022/11/25/frenchman-wins-the-right-to-be-no-fun-at-work/}}

# {{lb|en|golf|slang|transitive}} To hole the ball.

 

=====Synonyms=====

 

=====Derived terms=====

 

=====Translations=====

{{trans-top|to preserve}}{{multitrans|data=

* Catalan: {{tt+|ca|enllaunar}}

* Chinese:

* French: {{tt+|fr|virer}}, {{tt+|fr|limoger}}

* German: {{tt+|de|kündigen}}, {{tt+|de|feuern}}, {{tt+|de|rausschmeißen}}

* Italian: {{tt+|it|licenziare}}

* Macedonian: {{tt|mk|отпушта}}

 

===See also===

 

===References===

* {{anagrams|en|a=acn|ANC|CNA|NAC|NCA}}

 

{{cln|en|auxiliary verbs|defective verbs|proscribed terms|heteronyms|irregular verbs|modal verbs|three-letter words}}

{{c|en|Toilet (room)}}

 

===Etymology===

 

===Pronunciation===

 

===Etymology===

 

===Noun===

 

===Etymology===

 

===Pronunciation===

{{ast-noun|m|canes}}

 

 

====Synonyms====

 

==Azerbaijani==

 

===Pronunciation===

 

===Noun===

# [[being]], [[creature]], [[life]]

# [[body]] {{q|in expressions concerning body sensations}}

#: {{uxi|az|'''Canım''' [[ağrımaq|ağrıyır]].|'''My body''' is aching.}}

#: {{uxi|az|'''Canıma''' [[üşütmə]] [[düşmək|düşdü]].|'''My body''' is shivering.}}

 

===Contraction===

 

# {{contraction of|ca|[[ca]] [[en]]|t=the house of}}

=====Synonyms=====

* {{l|yue|cancer}}, {{zh-l|癌症}}

 

==Classical Nahuatl==

 

===Alternative forms===

 

===Pronunciation===

 

===Pronoun===

 

# [[where]]

 

====Derived terms====

 

====Related terms====

 

==Galician==

 

===Alternative forms===

 

===Etymology 1===

 

====Noun====

 

# [[dog]]

# {{lb|gl|historical}} 20th century 5, 10 cents of peseta coin

 

=====Related terms=====

 

===Etymology 2===

 

====Noun====

 

===Etymology 3===

 

====Noun====

# [[cock]], [[hammer]] {{gloss|of a firearm}}

 

 

==Irish==

 

===Pronunciation===

 

===Etymology 1===

{{root|ga|ine-pro|*keh₂n-}}

 

====Verb====

 

====Noun====

 

# [[state]], [[condition]]

* {{R:ga:Dinneen 1904|113|head=canaim}}

* {{R:ga:Ó Dónaill}}

 

==Istriot==

 

===Etymology===

 

===Noun===

 

# [[dog]]

===Etymology===

{{dercat|lij|ine-pro}}

 

===Pronunciation===

 

===Noun===

 

====Related terms====

 

{{topics|lij|Animals}}

 

===Etymology===

 

===Noun===

 

# [[dog]]

 

===Verb===

 

# {{inflection of|dum|connen||1//3|s|pres|indc}}

 

====Noun====

 

# {{alternative form of|enm|canne}}

 

====Verb====

 

# {{alternative form of|enm|cunnen}}

 

===Etymology===

 

===Pronunciation===

 

===Noun===

 

===Etymology===

 

===Pronunciation===

 

===Noun===

{{roa-opt-noun|m}}

 

#* '''13th century''', [[w:Cancioneiro da Biblioteca Nacional|''Cancioneiro da Biblioteca Nacional'']], [[w:Alfonso X of Castile|Alfonso X of Castile]], [https://cantigas.fcsh.unl.pt/cantiga.asp?cdcant=479&pv=sim B 476: ''Non quer'eu donzela fea''] ([http://cantigas.fcsh.unl.pt/8789894529/B_240_105v_476.jpg facsimile])

#*: {{quote|roa-opt|Non quereu donzela fea / E ueloſa come '''cam'''

 

===Alternative forms===

 

===Etymology===

 

===Conjunction===

 

# [[when]]

 

===Adverb===

 

# {{lb|pro|interrogative}} [[when]]

 

===Pronunciation===

 

===Noun===

===Etymology===

{{root|sco|ine-pro|*ǵneh₃-}}

 

===Verb===

 

# can

# [[be able to]]

 

====Derived terms====

 

==Scottish Gaelic==

===Etymology===

{{root|gd|ine-pro|*keh₂n-}}

 

===Verb===

===Etymology===

{{dercat|es|ine-pro}}

 

===Pronunciation===

 

# {{lb|es|formal}} [[dog]], [[hound]]

 

====Hypernyms====

 

====Hyponyms====

 

====Related terms====

 

===Further reading===

* {{R:es:DRAE}}

 

==Turkish==

 

===Pronunciation===

* {{hyphenation|tr|can}}

 

 

====See also====

 

==Venetian==

 

===Etymology===

{{wikipedia|lang=vec}}

 

===Pronunciation===

 

===Noun===

 

# {{lb|vec|Belluno|Chipilo}} [[dog]]

 

==Vietnamese==

 

===Pronunciation===

 

===Etymology 1===

{{vi-noun}}

 

 

===Etymology 2===

 

# {{short for|vi|Thiên Can||[[celestial stem]]}}

 

====Verb====

# to [[concern]]; to [[apply]] to

# to be [[involved]] (in); to be [[implicated]] (in)

 

===Etymology 3===

 

===Etymology 4===

 

====Noun====

 

===Etymology 6===

 

====Verb====

 

===Pronunciation===

 

===Etymology 1===

 

====Derived terms====

 

===Etymology 2===

{{number box|cy}}

 

====Numeral====

 

# {{lb|cy|cardinal}} {{apocopic form of|cy|cant||one hundred}}

 

=====Usage notes=====

 

===Etymology 3===

 

====Noun====

{{cy-noun|m|caniau}}

 

 

===Mutation===

 

====Numeral====

 

# {{obsolete spelling of|yua|kan}}

 

====Noun====

 

# {{obsolete spelling of|yua|kaan}}