خز

See also: جر, جز, حر, خر, چر, and جڑ

Arabic

Etymology 1

Directly from Middle Persian [script needed] (kač). Doublet of قَزّ (qazz), which was borrowed via Aramaic.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /xazz/

Noun

خَزّ • (ḵazz) m (plural خُزُوز (ḵuzūz))

1. Alternative form of قَزّ (qazz, “silkware”)
   • a. 869, الْجَاحِظ [al-jāḥiẓ], “باب ما يُجلب من البلدان من طرائف السلع والأمتعة والجواري والأحجار وغير ذلك [What one imports from strange countries in items, commodities, she-slaves, stones and else.]”, in التَبَصُّر بِٱلتِّجَارَة [at-tabaṣṣur bi-t-tijāra]‎^[1]:

     ومن الأهواز ونواحيها: السُّكَّر والدِّيباج الخَز.

     From al-Ahwaz one gets sugar and silk-brocades.

Declension

Declension of noun خَزّ (ḵazz)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	خَزّ ḵazz	الْخَزّ al-ḵazz	خَزّ ḵazz
Nominative	خَزٌّ ḵazzun	الْخَزُّ al-ḵazzu	خَزُّ ḵazzu
Accusative	خَزًّا ḵazzan	الْخَزَّ al-ḵazza	خَزَّ ḵazza
Genitive	خَزٍّ ḵazzin	الْخَزِّ al-ḵazzi	خَزِّ ḵazzi
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	خَزَّيْن ḵazzayn	الْخَزَّيْن al-ḵazzayn	خَزَّيْ ḵazzay
Nominative	خَزَّانِ ḵazzāni	الْخَزَّانِ al-ḵazzāni	خَزَّا ḵazzā
Accusative	خَزَّيْنِ ḵazzayni	الْخَزَّيْنِ al-ḵazzayni	خَزَّيْ ḵazzay
Genitive	خَزَّيْنِ ḵazzayni	الْخَزَّيْنِ al-ḵazzayni	خَزَّيْ ḵazzay
Plural	basic broken plural triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	خُزُوز ḵuzūz	الْخُزُوز al-ḵuzūz	خُزُوز ḵuzūz
Nominative	خُزُوزٌ ḵuzūzun	الْخُزُوزُ al-ḵuzūzu	خُزُوزُ ḵuzūzu
Accusative	خُزُوزًا ḵuzūzan	الْخُزُوزَ al-ḵuzūza	خُزُوزَ ḵuzūza
Genitive	خُزُوزٍ ḵuzūzin	الْخُزُوزِ al-ḵuzūzi	خُزُوزِ ḵuzūzi

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Persian خز (xaz).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /xazz/

Noun

خَزّ • (ḵazz) m (plural خُزُوز (ḵuzūz))

1. marten
2. (obsolete) otter

Declension

Declension of noun خَزّ (ḵazz)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	خَزّ ḵazz	الْخَزّ al-ḵazz	خَزّ ḵazz
Nominative	خَزٌّ ḵazzun	الْخَزُّ al-ḵazzu	خَزُّ ḵazzu
Accusative	خَزًّا ḵazzan	الْخَزَّ al-ḵazza	خَزَّ ḵazza
Genitive	خَزٍّ ḵazzin	الْخَزِّ al-ḵazzi	خَزِّ ḵazzi
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	خَزَّيْن ḵazzayn	الْخَزَّيْن al-ḵazzayn	خَزَّيْ ḵazzay
Nominative	خَزَّانِ ḵazzāni	الْخَزَّانِ al-ḵazzāni	خَزَّا ḵazzā
Accusative	خَزَّيْنِ ḵazzayni	الْخَزَّيْنِ al-ḵazzayni	خَزَّيْ ḵazzay
Genitive	خَزَّيْنِ ḵazzayni	الْخَزَّيْنِ al-ḵazzayni	خَزَّيْ ḵazzay
Plural	basic broken plural triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	خُزُوز ḵuzūz	الْخُزُوز al-ḵuzūz	خُزُوز ḵuzūz
Nominative	خُزُوزٌ ḵuzūzun	الْخُزُوزُ al-ḵuzūzu	خُزُوزُ ḵuzūzu
Accusative	خُزُوزًا ḵuzūzan	الْخُزُوزَ al-ḵuzūza	خُزُوزَ ḵuzūza
Genitive	خُزُوزٍ ḵuzūzin	الْخُزُوزِ al-ḵuzūzi	خُزُوزِ ḵuzūzi

Etymology 3

Probably from خ ص ص (ḵ-ṣ-ṣ) “to touch and thereby cut off”, senses seen more in خ ص ر (ḵ-ṣ-r), with Aramaic parallel in Classical Syriac ܐܶܬܚܰܙܰܙ (ʾetḥazzaz, “to penetrate”).

Verb

خَزَّ • (ḵazza) I (non-past يَخُزُّ (yaḵuzzu), verbal noun خَزّ (ḵazz))

1. to poke, to sting, to pierce, to transfix

Conjugation

    Conjugation of خَزَّ (I, geminate, a ~ u, full passive (?), verbal noun خَزّ)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر						خَزّ ḵazz
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل						خَازّ ḵāzz
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول						مَخْزُوز maḵzūz
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	خَزَزْتُ ḵazaztu	خَزَزْتَ ḵazazta	خَزَّ ḵazza		خَزَزْتُمَا ḵazaztumā	خَزَّا ḵazzā		خَزَزْنَا ḵazaznā	خَزَزْتُمْ ḵazaztum	خَزُّوا ḵazzū
	f		خَزَزْتِ ḵazazti	خَزَّتْ ḵazzat			خَزَّتَا ḵazzatā			خَزَزْتُنَّ ḵazaztunna	خَزَزْنَ ḵazazna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أَخُزُّ ʔaḵuzzu	تَخُزُّ taḵuzzu	يَخُزُّ yaḵuzzu		تَخُزَّانِ taḵuzzāni	يَخُزَّانِ yaḵuzzāni		نَخُزُّ naḵuzzu	تَخُزُّونَ taḵuzzūna	يَخُزُّونَ yaḵuzzūna
	f		تَخُزِّينَ taḵuzzīna	تَخُزُّ taḵuzzu			تَخُزَّانِ taḵuzzāni			تَخْزُزْنَ taḵzuzna	يَخْزُزْنَ yaḵzuzna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَخُزَّ ʔaḵuzza	تَخُزَّ taḵuzza	يَخُزَّ yaḵuzza		تَخُزَّا taḵuzzā	يَخُزَّا yaḵuzzā		نَخُزَّ naḵuzza	تَخُزُّوا taḵuzzū	يَخُزُّوا yaḵuzzū
	f		تَخُزِّي taḵuzzī	تَخُزَّ taḵuzza			تَخُزَّا taḵuzzā			تَخْزُزْنَ taḵzuzna	يَخْزُزْنَ yaḵzuzna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَخُزَّ, أَخُزِّ, أَخْزُزْ ʔaḵuzza, ʔaḵuzzi, ʔaḵzuz	تَخُزَّ, تَخُزِّ, تَخْزُزْ taḵuzza, taḵuzzi, taḵzuz	يَخُزَّ, يَخُزِّ, يَخْزُزْ yaḵuzza, yaḵuzzi, yaḵzuz		تَخُزَّا taḵuzzā	يَخُزَّا yaḵuzzā		نَخُزَّ, نَخُزِّ, نَخْزُزْ naḵuzza, naḵuzzi, naḵzuz	تَخُزُّوا taḵuzzū	يَخُزُّوا yaḵuzzū
	f		تَخُزِّي taḵuzzī	تَخُزَّ, تَخُزِّ, تَخْزُزْ taḵuzza, taḵuzzi, taḵzuz			تَخُزَّا taḵuzzā			تَخْزُزْنَ taḵzuzna	يَخْزُزْنَ yaḵzuzna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		خُزَّ, خُزِّ, اُخْزُزْ ḵuzza, ḵuzzi, uḵzuz			خُزَّا ḵuzzā				خُزُّوا ḵuzzū
	f		خُزِّي ḵuzzī							اُخْزُزْنَ uḵzuzna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	خُزِزْتُ ḵuziztu	خُزِزْتَ ḵuzizta	خُزَّ ḵuzza		خُزِزْتُمَا ḵuziztumā	خُزَّا ḵuzzā		خُزِزْنَا ḵuziznā	خُزِزْتُمْ ḵuziztum	خُزُّوا ḵuzzū
	f		خُزِزْتِ ḵuzizti	خُزَّتْ ḵuzzat			خُزَّتَا ḵuzzatā			خُزِزْتُنَّ ḵuziztunna	خُزِزْنَ ḵuzizna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُخَزُّ ʔuḵazzu	تُخَزُّ tuḵazzu	يُخَزُّ yuḵazzu		تُخَزَّانِ tuḵazzāni	يُخَزَّانِ yuḵazzāni		نُخَزُّ nuḵazzu	تُخَزُّونَ tuḵazzūna	يُخَزُّونَ yuḵazzūna
	f		تُخَزِّينَ tuḵazzīna	تُخَزُّ tuḵazzu			تُخَزَّانِ tuḵazzāni			تُخْزَزْنَ tuḵzazna	يُخْزَزْنَ yuḵzazna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُخَزَّ ʔuḵazza	تُخَزَّ tuḵazza	يُخَزَّ yuḵazza		تُخَزَّا tuḵazzā	يُخَزَّا yuḵazzā		نُخَزَّ nuḵazza	تُخَزُّوا tuḵazzū	يُخَزُّوا yuḵazzū
	f		تُخَزِّي tuḵazzī	تُخَزَّ tuḵazza			تُخَزَّا tuḵazzā			تُخْزَزْنَ tuḵzazna	يُخْزَزْنَ yuḵzazna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُخَزَّ, أُخَزِّ, أُخْزَزْ ʔuḵazza, ʔuḵazzi, ʔuḵzaz	تُخَزَّ, تُخَزِّ, تُخْزَزْ tuḵazza, tuḵazzi, tuḵzaz	يُخَزَّ, يُخَزِّ, يُخْزَزْ yuḵazza, yuḵazzi, yuḵzaz		تُخَزَّا tuḵazzā	يُخَزَّا yuḵazzā		نُخَزَّ, نُخَزِّ, نُخْزَزْ nuḵazza, nuḵazzi, nuḵzaz	تُخَزُّوا tuḵazzū	يُخَزُّوا yuḵazzū
	f		تُخَزِّي tuḵazzī	تُخَزَّ, تُخَزِّ, تُخْزَزْ tuḵazza, tuḵazzi, tuḵzaz			تُخَزَّا tuḵazzā			تُخْزَزْنَ tuḵzazna	يُخْزَزْنَ yuḵzazna

References

• Asbaghi, Asya (2008) “Persian Loanwords”, in Versteegh, Kees, editor, Encyclopedia of Arabic Language and Linguistics, volume 3, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 582
• Fraenkel, Siegmund (1886) Die aramäischen Fremdwörter im Arabischen (in German), Leiden: E. J. Brill, pages 41–42
• Freytag, Georg (1830) “خز”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum‎^[2] (in Latin), volume 1, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 481
• Lane, Edward William (1863) “خز”, in Arabic-English Lexicon‎^[3], London: Williams & Norgate, page 731

Gulf Arabic

Root
خ ز ز
1 term

Etymology

Compare Moroccan Arabic خزر (ḵzar), خنزر (ḵanzar).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /χəzz/

Verb

خز • (ḵazz) I (non-past يخز (yḵizz))

1. (transitive, intransitive) to stare, to gaze, to look at someone (or something) for a prolonged period of time.

Persian

Etymology

From Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (hz /⁠xaz⁠/, “marten”). See also Armenian ախազ (axaz).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [xaz]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [xäz]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [xäz]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [xäz]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [xäz]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [xæz]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [χäz]

Readings
Classical reading?	xaz
Dari reading?	xaz
Iranian reading?	xaz
Tajik reading?	xaz

Noun

خز • (xaz) (plural خزها (xaz-hâ))

1. (archaic) marten
2. fur

Descendants

• → Arabic: خَزّ (ḵazz)

References

• MacKenzie, D. N. (1971) “xaz”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press