踏む
Japanese
editKanji in this term |
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踏 |
ふ Grade: S |
kun'yomi |
Alternative spellings |
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履む 践む |
Etymology
edit(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
edit- Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of 「踏む」
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary | |||
Stem forms | |||
---|---|---|---|
Terminal (終止形) Attributive (連体形) |
踏む | ふむ | [fùmú] |
Imperative (命令形) | 踏め | ふめ | [fùmé] |
Key constructions | |||
Passive | 踏まれる | ふまれる | [fùmárérú] |
Causative | 踏ませる | ふませる | [fùmásérú] |
Potential | 踏める | ふめる | [fùmérú] |
Volitional | 踏もう | ふもー | [fùmóꜜò] |
Negative | 踏まない | ふまない | [fùmánáí] |
Negative perfective | 踏まなかった | ふまなかった | [fùmánáꜜkàttà] |
Formal | 踏みます | ふみます | [fùmímáꜜsù] |
Perfective | 踏んだ | ふんだ | [fùńdá] |
Conjunctive | 踏んで | ふんで | [fùńdé] |
Hypothetical conditional | 踏めば | ふめば | [fùméꜜbà] |
Verb
edit踏む • (fumu) transitive godan (stem 踏み (fumi), past 踏んだ (funda))
- to step, tread
- ブレーキを踏む ― burēki o fumu ― to press on the brakes
- 四股を踏む ― shiko o fumu ― to step on all fours
- to set foot, visit
- ヨーロッパの土を踏む ― Yōroppa no tsuchi o fumu ― to set foot on European soil
- to experience, go through
- to follow, go along
- (religion) to worship
- 願かけに御百度を踏む
- gankake ni o-hyakudo o fumu
- to worship a hundred times to pray for something
- 願かけに御百度を踏む
- to make estimates or valuations
- どう踏んでも安物だ。
- Dō funde mo yasumono da.
- No matter how much you think it costs, it's a cheapie.
- どう踏んでも安物だ。
- to rhyme
- 頭韻を踏む ― tōin o fumu ― to alliterate
- to occupy a position
- 帝位を踏む ― teī o fumu ― to step on the throne
- (stock market, in margin trading) to buy back open interest at the risk of loss
- (fishing) to clam with one's feet
Conjugation
editConjugation of "踏む" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | |||
---|---|---|---|
Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 踏ま | ふま | fuma |
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 踏み | ふみ | fumi |
Shūshikei ("terminal") | 踏む | ふむ | fumu |
Rentaikei ("attributive") | 踏む | ふむ | fumu |
Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 踏め | ふめ | fume |
Meireikei ("imperative") | 踏め | ふめ | fume |
Key constructions | |||
Passive | 踏まれる | ふまれる | fumareru |
Causative | 踏ませる 踏ます |
ふませる ふます |
fumaseru fumasu |
Potential | 踏める | ふめる | fumeru |
Volitional | 踏もう | ふもう | fumō |
Negative | 踏まない | ふまない | fumanai |
Negative continuative | 踏まず | ふまず | fumazu |
Formal | 踏みます | ふみます | fumimasu |
Perfective | 踏んだ | ふんだ | funda |
Conjunctive | 踏んで | ふんで | funde |
Hypothetical conditional | 踏めば | ふめば | fumeba |
Stem forms | |||
---|---|---|---|
Irrealis (未然形) | 踏ま | ふま | fuma |
Continuative (連用形) | 踏み | ふみ | fumi |
Terminal (終止形) | 踏む | ふむ | fumu |
Attributive (連体形) | 踏む | ふむ | fumu |
Realis (已然形) | 踏め | ふめ | fume |
Imperative (命令形) | 踏め | ふめ | fume |
Key constructions | |||
Negative | 踏まず | ふまず | fumazu |
Contrasting conjunction | 踏めど | ふめど | fumedo |
Causal conjunction | 踏めば | ふめば | fumeba |
Conditional conjunction | 踏まば | ふまば | fumaba |
Past tense (firsthand knowledge) | 踏みき | ふみき | fumiki |
Past tense (secondhand knowledge) | 踏みけり | ふみけり | fumikeri |
Perfect tense (conscious action) | 踏みつ | ふみつ | fumitu |
Perfect tense (natural event) | 踏みぬ | ふみぬ | fuminu |
Perfect-continuative tense | 踏めり 踏みたり |
ふめり ふみたり |
fumeri fumitari |
Volitional | 踏まむ | ふまむ | fumamu |
Derived terms
edit- ふみえ (fumie) (stepping on a picture of Christ to punish suspected Christians during the Shogunate)
- ふみふみ (fumifumi) ("kneading", when a cat slowly presses its front paws on something to relax)
References
edit- ^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1974), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Second edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō
Categories:
- Japanese terms spelled with 踏 read as ふ
- Japanese terms read with kun'yomi
- Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese verbs
- Japanese transitive verbs
- Japanese type 1 verbs
- Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji
- Japanese terms with 1 kanji
- Japanese terms with usage examples
- ja:Religion
- ja:Stock market
- ja:Fishing