Georgian

See also: georgian

English

WOTD – 26 June 2017

Pronunciation

Fresco of Queen Tamar, a Georgian woman – that is, a woman from the country of Georgia (etymology 1)

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /ˈd͡ʒɔːd͡ʒən/
• (General American) IPA^(key): /ˈd͡ʒɔɹd͡ʒən/
• (Southern US) IPA^(key): /ˈd͡ʒɔʊ.d͡ʒən/
• (General Australian) IPA^(key): /ˈd͡ʒoːd͡ʒən/

  • Audio (General Australian):

    (file)

• Rhymes: -ɔː(ɹ)dʒən
• Hyphenation: Georg‧ian

Etymology 1

From Georgia +‎ -n.

Noun

Georgian (countable and uncountable, plural Georgians)

2. (uncountable) The language of Georgia, a country in Eastern Europe and Western Asia.
3. (countable) A person or a descendant of a person from Georgia, a country in Eastern Europe and Western Asia.
4. (countable) A native or resident of the state of Georgia in the United States of America.

Synonyms

• (native or resident of the Eurasian country of Georgia): Iberian, Kartvelian
• (native or resident of the US state of Georgia): goober, goober-grabbler (dated slang)

Hypernyms

• (native or resident of the US state of Georgia): American

Hyponyms

• (language of Georgia): Tush

Translations

language of the country of Georgia

• Abkhaz: ақырҭуа бызшәа (akərtwa bəzŝʷa)
• Afrikaans: Georgies (af)
• Arabic: جُورْجِيَّة f (jōrjiyya)
• Armenian: վրացերեն (hy) (vracʻeren)
• Azerbaijani: gürcü, gürcü dili (az)
• Basque: georgiera (eu)
• Bats: კოხურ მოტეჼ (ḳoxur moṭẽ), ბუჲღეჼ (buyɣẽ)
• Belarusian: грузі́нская мо́ва f (hruzínskaja móva)
• Bulgarian: грузи́нски m (gruzínski)
• Catalan: georgià (ca) m
• Chechen: гуьржийн мотт (güržiı̇n mott)
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 格魯吉亞語／格鲁吉亚语 (zh) (gélǔjíyàyǔ), 喬治亞語／乔治亚语 (zh) (qiáozhìyàyǔ)

• Corsican: georgianu m, ghjeorghjanu m, ghjeurghjanu (co) m
• Crimean Tatar: gürci tili
• Czech: gruzínština (cs) f
• Danish: georgisk (da) n
• Dhivehi: ޖޯޖިޔާ (jōjiyā)
• Dutch: Georgisch (nl) n
• Esperanto: kartvela, kartvela lingvo (with the definite article la (eo))
• Estonian: gruusia, gruusia keel
• Finnish: georgia (fi)
• French: géorgien (fr) m
• Galician: xeorxiano (gl) m
• Georgian: ქართული (ka) (kartuli), ქართული ენა (ka) (kartuli ena)
• German: Georgisch (de) n, Grusinisch n, Kartwelisch (de) n
• Greek: γεωργιανά (el) (georgianá)
• Gujarati: જ્યોર્જિયન (gu) (jyorjiyan)
• Hebrew: גאורגית f (ge'orgít), גְּרוּזִינִית f (gruzinít)
• Hindi: ज्योर्जियन (jyorjiyan)
• Hungarian: grúz (hu)
• Icelandic: georgíska (is) f
• Indonesian: bahasa Georgia (id)
• Irish: Seoirsis f
• Italian: georgiano (it) m
• Japanese: グルジア語 (ja) (グルジアご, gurujiago), ジョージア語 (ジョージアご, jōjiago)
• Kazakh: грузин тілі (gruzin tılı)
• Korean: 그루지야어 (ko) (geurujiya'eo), 조지아어 (ko) (jojia'eo)
• Kurdish:

  Central Kurdish: گورجی (gurcî)

  Northern Kurdish: gurckî (ku), gurcî (ku)

• Kyrgyz: грузин тили (gruzin tili), гүржү тили (gürjü tili)
• Laz: Korturi, Korturi nena, Kortuli, Kortuli nena, ქორთული (kortuli), ქორთული ნენა (kortuli nena)
• Luxembourgish: Georgesch (lb)
• Macedonian: грузиски m (gruziski)
• Maltese: Ġorġjan
• Mingrelian: ქორთული (kortuli), ქორთული ნინა (kortuli nina)
• Mongolian:

  Cyrillic: гүрж хэл (gürž xel)

• Navajo: Jóojah Dineʼé bizaad
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: georgisk (no) m, grusisk m

  Nynorsk: georgisk (nn) m, grusisk (nn) m

• Ossetian: гуырдзиаг ӕвзаг (g°yrʒiag ævzag)
• Persian: گرجی (fa) (gorji)
• Polish: gruziński (pl) m
• Portuguese: georgiano (pt) m
• Romanian: georgiană (ro) f
• Russian: грузи́нский язы́к m (gruzínskij jazýk), грузи́нский (ru) m (gruzínskij)
• Sardinian: georgianu m
• Scots: Georgie, Georgian
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: гру̑зӣјскӣ m

  Roman: grȗzījskī (sh) m

• Sicilian: giurgianu (scn) m
• Slovak: gruzínčina (sk) f
• Slovene: gruzinščina f
• Spanish: georgiano (es) m
• Svan: ლჷქა̈რთუ (ləkärtu), ლჷქა̈რთუ ნინ (ləkärtu nin), ქართუ̂ილ (kartûil), ქართუ̂ილ ნინ (kartûil nin)
• Swedish: georgiska (sv) c
• Tagalog: Heyorhiyano
• Tajik: гурҷӣ (tg) (gurji)
• Turkish: Gürcüce (tr)
• Ukrainian: грузи́нська мо́ва f (hruzýnsʹka móva)
• Vietnamese: tiếng Gru-di-a
• West Frisian: Georgysk n
• Yiddish: גרוזיניש n (gruzinish)

person from the country of Georgia

• Abkhaz: а-қы́рҭуа (a-kə́rtwa)
• Afrikaans: Georgiër
• Albanian: gjeorgjian (sq)
• Arabic: جُورْجِيّ m (jōrjiyy), جُورْجِيَّة f (jōrjiyya)
• Armenian: վրացի (hy) (vracʻi)

  Old Armenian: վրացի (vracʻi), (collectively) վիրք pl (virkʻ)

• Azerbaijani: gürcü
• Basque: georgiar
• Bats: კოხივ (ḳoxiv), ბუჲნღოვ (buynɣov)
• Belarusian: грузі́н m (hruzín), грузі́нка f (hruzínka)
• Bulgarian: грузи́нец m (gruzínec), грузи́нка f (gruzínka)
• Carpathian Rusyn: грузи́н m (hruzýn)
• Catalan: georgià (ca) m, georgiana (ca) f
• Chechen: гуьржи (gürži)
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 格魯吉亞人／格鲁吉亚人 (zh) (gélǔjíyàrén), 喬治亞人／乔治亚人 (zh) (qiáozhìyàrén)

• Crimean Tatar: gürci
• Czech: Gruzínec (cs) m, Gruzín (cs) m, Gruzínka (cs) f
• Danish: georgier c
• Dutch: Georgiër (nl) m, Georgische (nl) f, Georgisch (nl)
• Esperanto: kartvelo m, kartvelino f, gruzo (eo) m, gruzino f
• Estonian: grusiin, gruusialane, georgialane
• Finnish: georgialainen (fi); gruusialainen (fi) (dated)
• French: Géorgien (fr) m, Géorgienne (fr) f
• Galician: xeorxiano (gl) m
• Georgian: ქართველი (ka) (kartveli)
• German: Georgier (de) m, Georgierin (de) f, Grusier m, Grusierin f
• Greek: Γεωργιανός (el) m (Georgianós), Γεωργιανή (el) f (Georgianí)
• Hebrew: גֵּאוֹרְגִּי (he) m (ge'orgí), גאורגית f (ge'orgít), גְּרוּזִינִי (he) m (gruzini), גְּרוּזִינִית f (gruzinit)
• Hindi: जॉर्जियाई (hi) m or f (jŏrjiyāī)
• Hungarian: grúz (hu)
• Icelandic: Georgíumaður m
• Irish: Seoirseach m
• Italian: georgiano (it) m, georgiana (it) f
• Japanese: グルジア人 (ja) (グルジアじん, gurujiajin)
• Kazakh: грузин (gruzin)
• Korean: 그루지야인 (geurujiyain), 조지아인 (jojiain), 그루지야 사람 (geurujiya saram), 조지아 사람 (jojia saram)
• Kurdish:

  Central Kurdish: گورجی (gurcî)

  Northern Kurdish: gurcistanî (ku), gurcî (ku)

• Kyrgyz: грузин (gruzin), гүржү (ky) (gürjü)
• Latvian: gruzīns m, gruzīniete f
• Laz: Kortu
• Lithuanian: gruzinas (lt) m, gruzinė (lt) f
• Macedonian: Грузиец m (Gruziec), Грузијка f (Gruzijka)
• Mingrelian: ქორთუ (kortu)
• Mongolian:

  Cyrillic: гүрж хүн (gürž xün)

• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: georgier (no) m, grusier m

  Nynorsk: georgiar (nn) m, grusiar (nn) m

• Ossetian: гуырдзиаг (g°yrʒiag)
• Persian: گرجی (fa) (gorji)
• Polish: Gruzin (pl) m, Gruzinka (pl) f
• Portuguese: georgiano (pt) m
• Romanian: georgian (ro) m, georgiană (ro) f, gruzin (ro) m, gruzină (ro) f
• Russian: грузи́н (ru) m (gruzín), грузи́нка (ru) f (gruzínka), (rare) картве́л (ru) m (kartvél), (rare) картве́лка (ru) (kartvélka)
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: Грузијац m, Грузијка f, Гру̀зӣн m, Грузинка f

  Roman: Gruzijac m, Gruzijka f, Grùzīn (sh) m, Gruzinka f

• Slovak: Gruzínec m, Gruzínka f
• Slovene: Gruzinec (sl) m, Gruzinka f
• Spanish: georgiano (es) m, georgiana (es) f
• Svan: სგა̄უ̂იშ (sgāûiš), მჷქა̈რთ (məkärt), ქართუ̂ელ (kartûel)
• Swedish: georgier (sv) c, (female) georgiska (sv) c
• Tagalog: Heyorhiyano
• Tajik: гурҷӣ (tg) (gurji)
• Turkish: Gürcü (tr), Gürcistanlı
• Turkmen: gürjü, gruzin
• Ukrainian: грузи́н m (hruzýn), грузи́нка f (hruzýnka)
• Urdu: جارجیائی (jārjiyā'ī)
• Uyghur: گرۇزىن (gruzin)
• Uzbek: gruzin (uz)
• Vietnamese: người Gru-di-a
• Yiddish: גרוזינער m (gruziner)

person from the U.S. State of Georgia

• Afrikaans: Georgiaan
• Catalan: georgià (ca) m, georgiana (ca) f
• Esperanto: georgiano m, georgianino f
• Estonian: georgialane
• Finnish: georgialainen (fi)
• French: Géorgien (fr) m, Géorgienne (fr) f
• Galician: xeorxiano (gl) m
• Georgian: ჯორჯიელი (ǯorǯieli), ჯორჯიიდან (ǯorǯiidan)
• Italian: georgiano (it)
• Portuguese: georgiano (pt) m
• Russian: джорджи́ец m (džordžíjec), джорджи́йка f (džordžíjka)

Adjective

Georgian (not comparable)

1. Of, from, or pertaining to the Eastern European country of Georgia, the Georgian people or the Georgian language.
   • 2011 September 18, Ben Dirs, “Rugby World Cup 2011: England 41 – 10 Georgia”, in BBC Sport‎^[1], archived from the original on 10 June 2016:

     As in their narrow defeat of Argentina last week, England were indisciplined at the breakdown, and if Georgian fly-half Merab Kvirikashvili had remembered his kicking boots, Johnson's side might have been behind at half-time.

2. Of, from, or pertaining to the U.S. State of Georgia or its Georgian English dialect.

Derived terms

• Georgianization
• Georgianize
• Georgian Orthodox Church
• Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic

 

Translations

pertaining to the country, people or language of Georgia

• Abkhaz: ақырҭуа (akərtwa)
• Afrikaans: Georgies (af)
• Albanian: gjeorgjez, gjeorgjian (sq)
• Arabic: جُورْجِيّ (jūrjiyy)
• Armenian: վրացական (hy) (vracʻakan)
• Azerbaijani: gürcü
• Bashkir: грузин (gruzin)
• Basque: georgiar
• Belarusian: грузі́нскі (hruzínski)
• Bengali: জর্জীয় (bn) (jorjiẏo)
• Bulgarian: грузи́нски (gruzínski)
• Burmese: ဂျော်ဂျီယာ (gyaugyiya)
• Catalan: georgià (ca)
• Chechen: гуьржийн (güržiı̇n)
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 格魯吉亞的／格鲁吉亚的 (zh) (Gélǔjíyà de), 喬治亞的／乔治亚的 (zh) (Qiáozhìyà de)

• Crimean Tatar: gürci
• Czech: gruzínský (cs)
• Danish: georgisk (da)
• Dutch: Georgisch (nl)
• Estonian: gruusia, Gruusia (et), georgia (et), Georgia (et), grusiini
• Finnish: georgialainen (fi), gruusialainen (fi)
• French: géorgien (fr)
• Georgian: ქართული (ka) (kartuli)
• German: georgisch (de), grusinisch
• Greek: γεωργιανός m (georgianós), γεωργιανή f (georgianí), γεωργιανό n (georgianó)
• Hebrew: גֵּאוֹרְגִּי (he) (ge'orgí), גְּרוּזִינִי (he) (gruzíni)
• Hindi: जॉर्जियाई (hi) (jŏrjiyāī)
• Hungarian: grúz (hu)
• Icelandic: georgískur (is)
• Irish: Seoirseach
• Italian: georgiano (it) m
• Japanese: グルジアの (ja) (Gurujia no), ジョージアの (ja) (Jōjia no)
• Kazakh: грузин (gruzin)
• Khmer: ហ្សកហ្ស៊ី (zɑkzii)
• Korean: 조지아의 (ko) (jojiaui), 그루지야의 (ko) (geurujiyaui)
• Kyrgyz: грузин (gruzin), гүржү (ky) (gürjü)
• Latin: georgianus, Hibēricus
• Latvian: gruzīnu, gruzīnisks
• Lithuanian: gruzinų (lt), gruziniškas (lt)
• Macedonian: грузиски (gruziski)
• Malay: Georgia (ms)
• Mongolian:

  Cyrillic: гүрж (gürž)

• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: georgisk (no)

  Nynorsk: georgisk (nn)

• Ossetian: гуырдзиаг (g°yrʒiag)
• Pashto: ګرجي (gorǰī)
• Persian: گرجی (fa) (gorji)
• Polish: gruziński (pl)
• Portuguese: georgiano (pt)
• Romanian: georgian (ro), gruzin (ro)
• Russian: грузи́нский (ru) (gruzínskij), (linguistic, rare) картве́льский (ru) (kartvélʹskij)
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: гру̑зӣјскӣ, гру̀зӣнскӣ

  Roman: grȗzījskī (sh), grùzīnskī (sh)

• Slovak: gruzínsky (sk)
• Slovene: grȗzijski
• Spanish: georgiano (es)
• Swedish: georgisk (sv)
• Tagalog: Heyorhiyano
• Tajik: гурҷӣ (tg) (gurji)
• Tatar: гөрҗи (görci)
• Thai: จอร์เจีย (th) (jɔɔ-jiia)
• Turkish: Gürcü (tr)
• Turkmen: gruzin, gürjü
• Ukrainian: грузи́нський (uk) (hruzýnsʹkyj)
• Urdu: جارجیائی (jārjiyā'ī)
• Uyghur: گرۇزىن (gruzin)
• Uzbek: gruzin (uz)
• Vietnamese: Gru-di-a
• Yiddish: גרוזינער (gruziner), גרוזיניש (gruzinish)

pertaining to the U.S. State of Georgia

• Afrikaans: Georgiaans
• Catalan: georgià (ca)
• Estonian: georgia (et), Georgia (et)
• Finnish: georgialainen (fi)
• Icelandic: georgískur (is)
• Russian: джорджи́йский (džordžíjskij)

See also

• Wiktionary's coverage of Georgian terms
• Appendix:Georgian Swadesh list for a Swadesh list of basic vocabulary words in Georgian

Etymology 2

The Circus in Bath, England is an example of Georgian architecture – that is, built during the reign of George II of Great Britain (etymology 2)

From George +‎ -ian.

Noun

Georgian (plural Georgians)

1. (historical) A British citizen during the reign of a king named George.

Adjective

Georgian (comparative more Georgian, superlative most Georgian)

1. Of, from, or characteristic of the reigns of Kings George I and George II of Great Britain, and George III and George IV of the United Kingdom (1714–1830).
2. Pertaining to a movement in lyric poetry during the reign of King George V of the United Kingdom (1910-1936).
3. Pertaining to or characteristic of Stefan George (a German poet).
   • 2001, Martin Travers, Critics of Modernity: The Literature of the Conservative Revolution in Germany, 1890–1933, page 82:

     The same Georgian persona, leonine and sacerdotal (that of the aristocratic priest) appears throughout the reminiscences of all his disciples.

   • 2005, Ernst Osterkamp, “The Legacy of the George Circle”, in Exile, Science and Bildung: The Contested Legacies of German Emigre Intellectuals, page 23:

     Another example of this sterile Georgian orthodoxy is to be found in the case of Ernst Morwitz ...

   • 2012, Paul Fleming, “Bodies: Ernst H. Kantorowicz”, in “Escape to Life”: German Intellectuals in New York: A Compendium on Exile after 1933, page 227:

     Kantorowicz […] warns against confusing a Georgian aesthetic “secret Germany,” which still slumbered in concealment, with contemporary, ‘awakened’ Nazi Germany.

4. Of or pertaining to Saint George.

Hyponyms

• Regency (as noun adjunct)

Derived terms

• Lloyd-Georgian

 

Further reading

• ISO 639-1 code ka, ISO 639-3 code kat (SIL)
• Ethnologue entry for Georgian, kat ⁠
• Georgian on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

Anagrams

• Georgina

Finnish

Proper noun

Georgian

1. genitive singular of Georgia