ceist

Irish

Etymology

From Old Irish ceist, from Latin quaestiō.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /cɛʃtʲ/

Noun

ceist f (genitive singular ceiste, nominative plural ceisteanna)

1. question (+ ar (“for”))

   Tá ceist agam ort. ― I have a question for you.

Declension

Declension of ceist

Second declension

Bare forms Case Singular Plural Nominative ceist ceisteanna Vocative a cheist a cheisteanna Genitive ceiste ceisteanna Dative ceist ceisteanna

Forms with the definite article Case Singular Plural Nominative an cheist na ceisteanna Genitive na ceiste na gceisteanna Dative leis an gceist don cheist leis na ceisteanna

Derived terms

• aincheist f (“dilemma”)
• ceisteach (“questioning, interrogative”, adjective)
• ceistigh (“question”, verb)
• croscheist f (“cross-question”)
• focheist f (“minor, subordinate question; odd, occasional inquiry”)
• i gceist (“in question”)

 

Mutation

Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Eclipsis
ceist	cheist	gceist
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

• Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “ceist”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “ceist”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
• de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959) “ceist”, in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm
• “ceist”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013-2024

Old Irish

Etymology

From Latin quaestiō.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkʲesʲtʲ/

Noun

ceist f (genitive cestae, nominative plural cesti)

1. question
   • c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 55^d11

     Amal du·berad nech hi ceist do Dauid: “Húare is móir sléb fírinne Dǽ, cid ara fodmai-siu, ⟨a⟩ Dauid, didiu a ndu imnedaib ⁊ frithoircnib fodaimi? Air it fírián-⟨s⟩u.” Ícaid-som didiu anísin, a n-as·mbeir iudicia Domini abisus multa .i. ataat mesai Dǽ nephchomtetarrachti amal abis ⁊ amal fudumain. Is ed in sin fod·era in n-erígim, cid ara fodaim int aís fírián inna fochaidi, ⁊ cid ara mbiat in pecthaig isnaib soinmechaib.

     As though someone had put as a question to David: “Because God’s righteousness is as great as a mountain, why then, David, dost thou suffer what of afflictions and injuries thou sufferest? For thou art righteous.” He solves that then when he says “iudicia Domini abyssus multa”, i.e. there are judgments of God incomprehensible like an abyss and like a depth. That is what causes the complaint why the righteous folk endure tribulations, and why sinners are in prosperity.

Inflection

Feminine ī-stem
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ceistL	ceistL	cestaiH
Vocative	ceistL	ceistL	cestaiH
Accusative	ceistN	ceistL	cestaiH
Genitive	cestaeH	cestaeL	cestaeN
Dative	ceistL	cestaib	cestaib
Initial mutations of a following adjective: H = triggers aspiration L = triggers lenition N = triggers nasalization

Descendants

• Irish: ceist
• Manx: keisht
• Scottish Gaelic: ceist

Mutation

Old Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Nasalization
ceist	cheist	ceist pronounced with /ɡ(ʲ)-/
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “ceist”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

Scottish Gaelic

Etymology

From Old Irish ceist, from Latin quaestiō.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [kʰʲeʃtʲ]

Noun

ceist f (genitive singular ceiste, plural ceistean)

1. question

   Bu toigh leam beagan cheistean a chur air an duine sin. ― I would like to ask that man a few questions.

   Cha robh ceist air a chur air. ― No question had been put to him.

2. problem, dispute, controversy

   tha, gun cheist ― yes, indeed, undoubtedly

3. darling

   tha, a cheist ― yes, darling

4. regard
5. anxiety
6. puzzle

Derived terms

• aincheist (“dilemma”)
• ana-ceist (“difficulty, dilemma; puzzle, riddle”)
• ceist-fhacal (“interrogative”)
• ceist-leabhar, leabhar-cheist (“catechism, question-book”)
• ceist-phunc (“note of interrogation”)
• ceisteachan (“questionnaire”)
• ceistean àbhaisteach (“frequently asked questions”)
• dubh-cheist (“enigma”)

 

Mutation

Scottish Gaelic mutation
Radical	Lenition
ceist	cheist
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References

• Edward Dwelly (1911) “ceist”, in Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan [The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary]‎^[1], 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN
• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “ceist”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language