cinis

See also: -cinis

Latin

Alternative forms

cinus (uncommon)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *ken- (“dust, ashes”). Akin to Ancient Greek κόνις (kónis, “dust, ash”), Sanskrit कण (kaṇa, “particle, small grain of dust or rice”).

Pronunciation

(Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈki.nis/, [ˈkɪnɪs̠]
(modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈt͡ʃi.nis/, [ˈt͡ʃiːnis]

Noun

cinis m or f (genitive cineris); third declension

cold ashes
(figuratively) ruins of a burned city

Usage notes

The word cinis is used for cold, heavy ashes, while favīlla is used for glowing, light ashes (cinders).

Declension

Third-declension noun.

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	cinis	cinerēs
Genitive	cineris	cinerum
Dative	cinerī	cineribus
Accusative	cinerem	cinerēs
Ablative	cinere	cineribus
Vocative	cinis	cinerēs

Related terms

Descendants

From cinerem

Italo-Romance:
- Italian: cenere
- Neapolitan: cennere, cendre, cegnere
- Sicilian: cìnniri
  Calabrese: cìnnara, cìnnari
- Tuscan and Central Italian: cenere, cendere
Padanian:
- Emilian: sendra, sanar
- Ligurian: çénie, çènia, çènre, çène
- Lombard: sendra, sener, sender
- Piedmontese: sënner, sënre, sëner, sëndre
- Romagnol: sendre, sendra
- Romansch: tschendra
- Venetan: sènare
Northern Gallo-Romance:
- Franco-Provençal: cindra
- Old French: cendre
  - Bourguignon: çarre
  - French: cendre
  - Lorrain: cent
  - Norman: chendre (Jersey, Guernsey)
  - Picard: chaine
  - Walloon: cinde
Southern Gallo-Romance:
- Catalan: cendra, cenra, cendre, cendre
- Old Occitan: cendre, cenre
  - Occitan: cendre, cendra (most dialects)
    Gascon: céner, cena, cièr
    
    Languedocien: cenre
    
    Vivaro-Alpine: cindra
  - → Old Spanish: cendra

From Vulgar Latin: *cinīsia, *cinusia

Balkan Romance:
- Aromanian: cinushi / cinushe, tsinushã
- Romanian: cenușă
Dalmatian:
- canaisa
Italo-Romance:
- Corsican: cianugia
- Italian: cinigia
Padanian:
- Friulian: cinise
- Piedmontese: sënisia, sinisia
Southern Gallo-Romance:
- Aragonese: cenisa
- Occitan: cenisa
  ⇒ Limousin: cenís
  
  ⇒ Vivaro-Alpine: chanís
Ibero-Romance:
- Asturian: ceniza
- Old Galician-Portuguese: cĩisa
  - Galician: cinza, cinsa
  - Portuguese: cinza
    - Kabuverdianu: sinza
    - Guinea-Bissau Creole: sinsa
- Spanish: ceniza
  - Papiamentu: shinishi
Insular Romance:
- Sardinian: chigina, chisina

See also

favīlla

References

“cinis”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
“cinis”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
cinis in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
cinis in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.

Volapük

Noun

cinis

accusative plural of cin

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