apo

See also: Appendix:Variations of "apo"

English

Adjective

apo (not comparable)

1. (biochemistry, of a protein) In an inactive, unbound state
   • 2009 January 30, Robert B. Best, Gerhard Hummer, “BIOCHEMISTRY: Unfolding the Secrets of Calmodulin”, in Science‎^[1]:

     In this scenario, unbound proteins are predominantly in the ligand-free ("apo") structure.

Noun

apo (plural apos)

1. (biochemistry) Short for apolipoprotein.

See also

• apo koinou

Anagrams

• POA, Pa-O, PAO, AOP, poa, OPA, OAP, Pao, Pa'O

Bahnar

Alternative forms

• hơpo

Etymology

From Proto-Bahnaric *ʔmpəw, from Proto-Mon-Khmer *mp(ɔ)ʔ (“to dream”); cognate with Halang hơpô, Koho mpao, Semai mpo, Pacoh apo/mpo, Old Mon 'ampo' (modern Mon လ္ပံ (kəpɔˀ)), Central Nicobarese [Nancowry] enfūa.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʔapɔː/

Verb

apo 

1. to dream

Basque

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /apo/, [a.po̞]

Etymology 1

Perhaps from Spanish sapo, with simplification of los sapos to los apos. Alternatively, both words might have the same Pre-Roman origin.

Noun

apo anim

1. toad

Declension

Declension of apo (animate, ending in vowel)

	indefinite	singular	plural
absolutive	apo	apoa	apoak
ergative	apok	apoak	apoek
dative	apori	apoari	apoei
genitive	aporen	apoaren	apoen
comitative	aporekin	apoarekin	apoekin
causative	aporengatik	apoarengatik	apoengatik
benefactive	aporentzat	apoarentzat	apoentzat
instrumental	apoz	apoaz	apoez
inessive	aporengan	apoarengan	apoengan
locative	—	—	—
allative	aporengana	apoarengana	apoengana
terminative	aporenganaino	apoarenganaino	apoenganaino
directive	aporenganantz	apoarenganantz	apoenganantz
destinative	aporenganako	apoarenganako	apoenganako
ablative	aporengandik	apoarengandik	apoengandik
partitive	aporik	—	—
prolative	apotzat	—	—

See also

• igel

Etymology 2

Noun

apo inan

1. hoof

Declension

Declension of apo (inanimate, ending in vowel)

	indefinite	singular	plural
absolutive	apo	apoa	apoak
ergative	apok	apoak	apoek
dative	apori	apoari	apoei
genitive	aporen	apoaren	apoen
comitative	aporekin	apoarekin	apoekin
causative	aporengatik	apoarengatik	apoengatik
benefactive	aporentzat	apoarentzat	apoentzat
instrumental	apoz	apoaz	apoez
inessive	apotan	apoan	apoetan
locative	apotako	apoko	apoetako
allative	apotara	apora	apoetara
terminative	apotaraino	aporaino	apoetaraino
directive	apotarantz	aporantz	apoetarantz
destinative	apotarako	aporako	apoetarako
ablative	apotatik	apotik	apoetatik
partitive	aporik	—	—
prolative	apotzat	—	—

Further reading

• “apo”, in Euskaltzaindiaren Hiztegia [Dictionary of the Basque Academy], Euskaltzaindia
• “apo”, in Orotariko Euskal Hiztegia [General Basque Dictionary], Euskaltzaindia, 1987–2005

Bikol Central

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ampu (“grandparent/grandchild (reciprocal)”), from Proto-Austronesian *apu (“grandparent/grandchild (reciprocal)”).

Pronunciation

• Hyphenation: a‧po
• IPA^(key): /ˈʔapoʔ/ [ˈʔa.poʔ]

Noun

apò

1. grandparent
2. goblin

   Synonym: duwende

Derived terms

• apuon
• makuapo

 

Cebuano

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ampu (“grandparent/grandchild (reciprocal)”), from Proto-Austronesian *apu (“grandparent/grandchild (reciprocal)”).

Pronunciation

• Hyphenation: a‧po
• IPA^(key): /ʔaˈpo/ [ʔɐˈpo]

Noun

apó

1. grandchild

Verb

apó

1. to have a grandchild or grandchildren

East Futuna

Etymology

From English apple.

Noun

apo

1. (Alo) apple

Synonyms

• pomo (Sigave)

References

• Claire Moyse-Faurie, Borrowings from Romance languages in Oceanic languages, in Aspects of Language Contact (2008, →ISBN

Eastern Bontoc

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ampu (“grandparent/grandchild (reciprocal)”), from Proto-Austronesian *apu (“grandparent/grandchild (reciprocal)”).

Noun

apo

1. grandchild

Hiligaynon

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ampu (“grandparent/grandchild (reciprocal)”), from Proto-Austronesian *apu (“grandparent/grandchild (reciprocal)”).

Noun

apó

1. grandchild

Noun

ápò

1. grandfather

Ibaloi

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ampu (“grandparent/grandchild (reciprocal)”), from Proto-Austronesian *apu (“grandparent/grandchild (reciprocal)”).

Noun

apo

1. grandchild

Ilocano

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ampu (“grandparent/grandchild (reciprocal)”), from Proto-Austronesian *apu (“grandparent/grandchild (reciprocal)”).

Pronunciation

• Hyphenation: a‧po
• IPA^(key): /ʔaˈpo/, [ʔɐˈpu]

Noun

apó

1. (usually endearing, familiar) grandparent
2. (usually endearing, familiar) master; mistress
3. sir; madam
4. grandchild

Indonesian

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈa.po/
• Rhymes: -po, -o
• Hyphenation: a‧po

Noun

apo (plural apo-apo, first-person possessive apoku, second-person possessive apomu, third-person possessive aponya)

1. flat-topped hills

Further reading

• “apo” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

Italian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈa.po/
• Rhymes: -apo
• Hyphenation: à‧po

Preposition

apo

1. Alternative form of appo

Anagrams

• poa

Kankanaey

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ampu (“grandparent/grandchild (reciprocal)”), from Proto-Austronesian *apu (“grandparent/grandchild (reciprocal)”).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Kankanaey) IPA^(key): /ʔaˈpo/ [ʔʌˈpo]
• Rhymes: -o
• Syllabification: a‧po

Noun

apó (plural ap-apo)

1. grandchild
2. A respectful term of address to a person of higher rank or position; sir, madam

Kari'na

Etymology

From Proto-Cariban *apô; compare Apalaí apo, Trió apë, Wayana apë, Waiwai apo, Akawaio apö, Pemon apue, Ye'kwana ajö, Yao (South America) iapelly.

Pronunciation

• (Venezuela, West Suriname) IPA^(key): [aːpo]
• (East Suriname) IPA^(key): [aʔpo]

Noun

apo (possessed apory)

1. arm

References

• Courtz, Hendrik (2008) A Carib grammar and dictionary‎^[2], Toronto: Magoria Books, →ISBN, page 232
• Ahlbrinck, Willem (1931) “apo”, in Encyclopaedie der Karaïben, Amsterdam: Koninklijke Akademie van Wetenschappen, page 91; republished as Willem Ahlbrinck, Doude van Herwijnen, transl., L'Encyclopédie des Caraïbes‎^[3], Paris, 1956, page 92

Kayapa Kallahan

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ampu (“grandparent/grandchild (reciprocal)”), from Proto-Austronesian *apu (“grandparent/grandchild (reciprocal)”).

Noun

apo

1. grandchild

Latin

Alternative forms

• apiō

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *apō, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ep- (“to get, grab; to join”). Cognate with apex, Hittite 𒄩𒀊 (ḫapp-, “to join, attach”), Ancient Greek ἅπτω (háptō, “I fasten”).

The term is only attested in another form than the participle in the work of the grammarian Sextus Pompeius Festus and in the Etymologiae of Saint Isidore of Seville.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈa.poː/, [ˈäpoː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈa.po/, [ˈäːpo]

Verb

apō (present infinitive apere, perfect active apī, supine aptum); third conjugation

1. to fasten; attach, connect; join, bind
   • c. 177 CE, Aulus Gellius, Noctes Atticae 1.15.1:

     […] linguam autem dēbēre aiunt non esse līberam nec vagam, sed vinclīs de pectore īmō ac dē corde aptīs movērī et quasi gubernārī.

     They say that the tongue should not be free and wandering, but that it should be moved and, so to say, steered by cords attached to the deep chest and heart.

   • 1839 [8th century CE], Paulus Diaconus, edited by Karl Otfried Müller, Excerpta ex libris Pompeii Festi De significatione verborum, page 17, line 9:

     Apex, quod est sacerdotum īnsigne, dictus est ab eō, quod comprehendere antīquī vinculō apere dīcēbant. Unde aptus est, quī conventienter alicui iūnctus est.

     The apex, which is the ensign of the Flamen, is called so because of the fact that in, the old language, tying with a rope was called apere. Whence aptus is something which is conventiently joined to something.

Conjugation

Conjugation of apō (third conjugation)
indicative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	apō	apis	apit	apimus	apitis	apunt
	imperfect	apēbam	apēbās	apēbat	apēbāmus	apēbātis	apēbant
	future	apam	apēs	apet	apēmus	apētis	apent
	perfect	apī	apistī	apit	apimus	apistis	apērunt, apēre
	pluperfect	aperam	aperās	aperat	aperāmus	aperātis	aperant
	future perfect	aperō	aperis	aperit	aperimus	aperitis	aperint
passive	present	apor	aperis, apere	apitur	apimur	apiminī	apuntur
	imperfect	apēbar	apēbāris, apēbāre	apēbātur	apēbāmur	apēbāminī	apēbantur
	future	apar	apēris, apēre	apētur	apēmur	apēminī	apentur
	perfect	aptus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	aptus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	aptus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	apam	apās	apat	apāmus	apātis	apant
	imperfect	aperem	aperēs	aperet	aperēmus	aperētis	aperent
	perfect	aperim	aperīs	aperit	aperīmus	aperītis	aperint
	pluperfect	apissem	apissēs	apisset	apissēmus	apissētis	apissent
passive	present	apar	apāris, apāre	apātur	apāmur	apāminī	apantur
	imperfect	aperer	aperēris, aperēre	aperētur	aperēmur	aperēminī	aperentur
	perfect	aptus + present active subjunctive of sum
	pluperfect	aptus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	—	ape	—	—	apite	—
	future	—	apitō	apitō	—	apitōte	apuntō
passive	present	—	apere	—	—	apiminī	—
	future	—	apitor	apitor	—	—	apuntor
non-finite forms		active			passive
		present	perfect	future	present	perfect	future
infinitives		apere	apisse	aptūrum esse	apī	aptum esse	aptum īrī
participles		apēns	—	aptūrus	—	aptus	apendus, apundus
verbal nouns		gerund				supine
		genitive	dative	accusative	ablative	accusative	ablative
		apendī	apendō	apendum	apendō	aptum	aptū

Derived terms

• apīscor
• aptō
• aptus
• coepiō

Related terms

• apex
• cōpula

References

• “apo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• apo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Kloekhorst, Alwin (2008) Etymological Dictionary of the Hittite Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 5), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume I, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 120
• De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “apīscor”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 47
• Sihler, Andrew L. (1995) New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN

Old Saxon

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *apō, see also Old English apa, Old High German affo, Old Norse api.

Noun

apo m

1. ape

Descendants

• Middle Low German: āpe
  • Low German: Ape
  • German Low German: Aap
  • Plautdietsch: Op

Tagalog

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ampu (“grandparent/grandchild (reciprocal)”), from Proto-Austronesian *apu (“grandparent/grandchild (reciprocal)”). Compare Kapampangan apu, Malayalam അപ്പൂപ്പൻ (appūppaṉ, “grandfather”), and Hokkien 阿婆 (a-pô, “paternal grandmother”).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Tagalog)
  • IPA^(key): /ʔaˈpo/ [ʔɐˈpo] (“grandchild”, noun)
    • Rhymes: -o
  • IPA^(key): /ˈʔapoʔ/ [ˈʔaː.poʔ] (“grandparent; ancestor; master; boss”, noun)
    • Rhymes: -apoʔ
• Syllabification: a‧po

Noun

apó (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜉᜓ)

1. grandchild

Derived terms

• apo sa pamangkin
• apo sa sakong
• apo sa sinapupunan
• apo sa tagiliran
• apo sa talampakan
• apo sa tuhod
• inapo
• kaapu-apuhan
• pag-aapuhan

 

Noun

apò (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜉᜓ)

1. grandparent

   Synonyms: (male) lolo, (female) lola, (dialectal) nuno

2. ancestor

   Synonyms: nuno, ninuno, kanuno-nunuan

3. master

   Synonyms: amo, panginoon

4. boss; chief

   Synonyms: puno, hepe

Derived terms

• apuin
• kaapuan
• pagkaapo

 

Further reading

• “apo” at KWF Diksiyonaryo ng Wikang Filipino‎^[4], Komisyon sa Wikang Filipino, 2021
• “apo”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
• Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*apu”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI
• Potet, Jean-Paul G. (2016) Tagalog Borrowings and Cognates, Lulu Press, →ISBN, page 303

Waray-Waray

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ampu (“grandparent/grandchild (reciprocal)”), from Proto-Austronesian *apu (“grandparent/grandchild (reciprocal)”).

Noun

apó

1. grandchild

Yami

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ampu (“grandparent/grandchild (reciprocal)”), from Proto-Austronesian *apu (“grandparent/grandchild (reciprocal)”).

Noun

apo

1. grandchild

Yoruba

Etymology 1

Cognate with Igala ákpó

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ā.k͡pó/

Noun

apó

1. quiver

   ikú ọdẹ ń bẹ nínú apó ― What will be the death of the hunter is lurking inside the quiver

Derived terms

• Aníkúlápó (“A Yoruba name meaning, One who has death in their quiver”)

 

Etymology 2

Àpò

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /à.k͡pò/

Noun

àpò

1. The tree Cola acuminata, the kola nut comes from this plant

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /à.k͡pò/

Noun

àpò

1. pocket, pouch, bag, pod
2. two hundred naira

Derived terms

• akápò (“treasurer”)
• apó àgbọn (“coconut pod”)
• àpò ẹ̀fọn (“mosquito net”)
• àpò irinṣẹ́-abẹ (“dissection kit”)
• àpò ìtọ̀ (“bladder, urethra”)
• àpò ìwé (“bookbag, envelope”)
• àpòlá (“stomach”)
• àpòòyẹ̀fun-òdòdó (“anther”)