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Afar

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Etymology

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From Proto-Cushitic. Cognates include Iraqw xaw, Sidamo amo (come!) and Saho emeete.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /emeːˈte/ [ʔɛmeːˈtɛ]
  • Hyphenation: e‧mee‧te

Verb

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emeeté (frequentative emamemeeté)

  1. (intransitive) come
  2. (intransitive, + l-case) return
  3. (intransitive, + l-case) fit
  4. (intransitive, + l-case) deteriorate
  5. (intransitive, + l-case) stay true to one's character

Conjugation

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    Conjugation of emeete (type I verb)
1st singular 2nd singular 3rd singular 1st plural 2nd plural 3rd plural
m f
perfective V-affirmative emeetéh temeetéh yemeetéh temeetéh nemeetéh temeeteeníh yemeeteeníh
N-affirmative emeeté temeeté yemeeté temeeté nemeeté temeetén yemeetén
negative máamaatinniyo máamaatinnito máamaatinna máamaatinna máamaatinnino máamaatinniton máamaatinnon
imperfective V-affirmative amaatéh tamaatéh yamaatéh tamaatéh namaatéh tamaateeníh yamaateeníh
N-affirmative amaaté tamaaté yamaaté tamaaté namaaté tamaatén yamaatén
negative máamaata mátamaata máyamaata,
míyamaata
mátamaata mánamaata mátamaatan máyamaatan,
míyamaatan
prospective V-affirmative amaatéliyoh,
amaatéyyoh
amaatélitoh,
amaatéttoh
amaatéleh amaatéleh amaatélinoh,
amaaténnoh
amaatélitoonuh,
amaatéttoonuh
amaatéloonuh
N-affirmative amaatéliyo,
amaatéyyo
amaatélito,
amaatétto
amaatéle amaatéle amaatélino,
amaaténno
amaatéliton,
amaatétton
amaatélon
conjunctive I V-affirmative amáatuh tamáatuh yamáatuh tamáatuh namáatuh tamaatóonuh yamaatóonuh
N-affirmative amáatu tamáatu yamáatu tamáatu namáatu tamaatón yamaatón
negative amaaté wáyuh amaaté wáytuh amaaté wáyuh amaaté wáytuh amaaté wáynuh amaaté waytóonuh amaaté wóonuh
conjunctive II V-affirmative amaaténkeh tamaaténkeh yamaaténkeh tamaaténkeh namaaténkeh tamaateenínkeh yamaateenínkeh
N-affirmative amaaténke tamaaténke yamaaténke tamaaténke namaaténke tamaateenínke yamaateenínke
negative amaaté wáankeh amaaté waytánkeh amaaté wáankeh amaaté waytánkeh amaaté waynánkeh amaaté waytaanankéh amaaté waanánkeh
jussive affirmative amáatay tamáatay yamáatay tamáatay namáatay tamaatóonay yamaatóonay
negative amaaté wáay amaaté wáytay amaaté wáay amaaté wáytay amaaté wáynay amaaté waytóonay amaaté wóonay
past
conditional
affirmative amaatinniyóy amaatinnitóy amaatinnáy amaatinnáy amaatinninóy amaatinnitoonúy amaatinnoonúy
negative amaaté wanniyóy amaaté wannitóy amaaté wannáy amaaté wannáy amaaté wanninóy amaaté wannitoonúy amaaté wannoonúy
present
conditional I
affirmative emeeték temeeték yemeeték temeeték nemeeték temeeteeník yemeeteeník
negative amaaté wéek amaaté wayték amaaté wéek amaaté wayték amaaté waynék amaaté wayteeník amaaté weeník
singular plural singular plural
consultative affirmative amaatóo namaatóo imperative affirmative eméet eméeta
negative maamaatóo manamaatóo negative máamaatin máamaatina
-h converb -i form -k converb -in(n)uh converb -innuk converb infinitive indefinite participle
V-focus N-focus
amáatih amáati amáatuk amaatínnuh amaatínnuk amaatíyya amaatinnáanih amaatinnáan
Compound tenses
past perfect affirmative perfective + perfective of én or sugé
present perfect affirmative perfective + imperfective of én
future perfect affirmative perfective + prospective of sugé
past progressive -k converb + imperfective of én or sugé
present progressive affirmative imperfect + imperfective of én
future progressive -k converb + prospective of sugé
immediate future affirmative conjunctive I + imperfective of wée
imperfect potential I affirmative conjunctive I + imperfective of takké
imperfect
potential II
affirmative imperfective + -m + takké
negative amaaté + imperfective of wée + -m + takké
perfect
potential
affirmative perfective + -m + takké
negative amaaté + perfective of wée + -m + takké
present
conditional II
affirmative imperfective + object pronoun + tekkék
negative amaaté + perfective of wée + object pronoun + tekkék
perfect
conditional
affirmative perfective + imperfective of sugé + -k
negative perfective + sugé + imperfective of wée -k
irrealis amaaté + perfective of xaaxé or raaré

References

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  • E. M. Parker, R. J. Hayward (1985) “emeete”, in An Afar-English-French dictionary (with Grammatical Notes in English), University of London, →ISBN
  • Marie-Claude Simeone-Senelle, Mohamed Hassan Kamil (2013 August) “Gender, Number and Agreement in Afar (Cushitic language)”, in 43th Colloquium on African Languages and Linguistics[1], Leiden: Leiden University, page 2
  • Mohamed Hassan Kamil (2015) L’afar: description grammaticale d’une langue couchitique (Djibouti, Erythrée et Ethiopie)[2], Paris: Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (doctoral thesis), page 299