jz

Egyptian

FWOTD – 4 December 2018

Pronunciation

(modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /iz/
- Conventional anglicization: iz

Noun

m

tomb (including both walled structures and rock-cut tombs) [Pyramid Texts to Greco-Roman Period]
Synonyms: ḥrt, ḥꜣt, mꜥḥꜥt
- 6th Dynasty, Giza, Western Cemetery, Shaft G 2188 Y, Block of sunk relief inscription mentioning the dog Abutiu (35-10-22/Cairo JE 67573), lines 6–9:^[1]
  
  rḏj ḥm.f [s]fṯ ḫwz n[.f] jz jn jzwt nt (j)qdw
  His Majesty gave pine oil and (ordered) that a tomb be built for him by a gang of builders.
- 12th Dynasty, coffin of Nakhtankh, British Museum EA 35285:
  
  qrst nfrt m js.f nfr n ẖrt-nṯr
  […] a good burial in his wonderful tomb of the necropolis […]
- c. 1859 BCE – 1813 BCE, The Loyalist Teaching (Stele of Sehetepibre/Cairo CG 20538 Verso) line 19:^[2]
  
  nn jz n sbj ḥr ḥm.f jw ẖꜣt.f m qmꜣ n mw
  There is no tomb for a rebel against His Majesty; his corpse is thrown to the water.
(often dual during the Old Kingdom) administrative chamber, bureau
- c. 1203 BCE – 1189 BCE, Satirical Letter of Hori (pAnastasi I/British Museum EA 10247) lines 1.1–1.2:^[3]
  
  …
  
  zẖꜣw stpw ḥꜣtj wꜣḥ nḏnḏ r […] ḥm n(j) nb ḫmnw m jsj n(j) zẖꜣw
  The scribe, choicest of mind and enduring of advice, [is …] a servant of the lord of Hermopolis in the bureau of writings, […]
workshop, especially for the preparation of ointments [since the Old Kingdom; chiefly Greco-Roman Period]
- 5th Dynasty, late 25th Century BCE, Saqqara, mortuary complex of Unas, mastaba of Khnumhotep and Niankhkhnum, east wall of the rock chamber, south section, top right, scene 30.B, caption in front of Niankhkhnum:^[4]
  
  mꜣꜣ kꜣt m jz n(j) ḥmwt nb(t) jn sḥḏ jr(w)-ꜥnt pr-ꜥꜣ n(j)-ꜥnḫ-ẖnm(w)
  Viewing of the work in the workshop of all craftsmen by the inspector of manicurists of the palace, Niankhkhnum.

Inflection

Declension of jz (masculine)

singular	jz
dual	jzwj
plural	jzw

Alternative forms

In the sense of ‘tomb’:

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of jz

jz

js

jsj

jst

[Old Kingdom]

[12th Dynasty]

[Middle Kingdom]

[18th Dynasty]

[New Kingdom]

[Greco-Roman Period]

in hieratic

In the sense of ‘administrative chamber’:

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of jz

jz

js

jst

[19th Dynasty]

abbreviation

In the sense of ‘workshop’:

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of jz

jst

jswj

[Greco-Roman Period]

Derived terms

Verb

2-lit.

(intransitive) to be(come) old, used, from bygone times [since the Middle Kingdom]
Antonym: mꜣw
(intransitive) to be(come) in decline, deteriorating, decaying

Inflection

Conjugation of jz (biliteral / 2-lit. / 2rad.) — base stem: jz, geminated stem: jzz

infinitival forms			imperative
infinitive	negatival complement	complementary infinitive¹	singular	plural
jz	jzw, jz	jzt	jz, j.jz	jz, j.jz

‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem	periphrastic imperfective²		periphrastic prospective²
jz	ḥr jz	m jz	r jz

suffix conjugation
aspect / mood	active	contingent
aspect / mood	active	aspect / mood	active
perfect	jz.n	consecutive	jz.jn
terminative	jzt	consecutive	jz.jn
perfective³	jz	obligative¹	jz.ḫr
imperfective	jz, j.jz¹	obligative¹	jz.ḫr
prospective³	jz	potentialis¹	jz.kꜣ
subjunctive	jz, j.jz¹	potentialis¹	jz.kꜣ

verbal adjectives
aspect / mood	relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms	participles
aspect / mood	active	active	passive
perfect	jz.n	—	—
perfective	jz	jz	jzz, jzzj⁶, jz², jzw^{2 5}, jzy^{2 5}
imperfective	j.jz¹, jz, jzy, jzw⁵	j.jz¹, j.jzw^{1 5}, jz, jzj⁶, jzy⁶	jz, jzw⁵
prospective	jz, jztj⁷	jztj⁴, jzt⁴
Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. Only in the masculine singular. Only in the masculine. Only in the feminine.

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of jz

jz

jsw

js

jsj

[Middle Kingdom]

[New Kingdom]

abbreviation

Derived terms

jzwt

References

James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, pages 117, 218.
Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1926) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache‎^[1], volume 1, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 126.18–126.24, 127.2–127.5, 128.6–128.9

^ Reisner, George A. (1936) “The Dog which was Honored by the King of Upper and Lower Egypt” in Bulletin of the Museum of Fine Arts, volume XXXIV, number 206, pages 96–99
^ H. O. Lange and H. Schäfer (1908) Grab- und Denksteine des Mittleren Reichs im Museum von Kairo, volume II, page 149
^ Gardiner, Alan (1911) Egyptian Hieratic Texts: Series I: Literary Texts of the New Kingdom: Part I: The Papyrus Anastasi I and the Papyrus Koller, together with the Parallel Texts, page 2
^ Moussa, Ahmed M. and Altenmüller, Hartwig (1977) Das Grab des Nianchchnum und Chnumhotep (Archäologische Veröffentlichungen 21), Deutsches Archäologisches Institut, Abt. Kairo, Mainz, page 134 and plate 65

German

Adverb

jz

(Internet slang, text messaging) Alternative spelling of jetzt (“now”)

[1] Reisner, George A. (1936) “The Dog which was Honored by the King of Upper and Lower Egypt” in Bulletin of the Museum of Fine Arts, volume XXXIV, number 206, pages 96–99

[2] H. O. Lange and H. Schäfer (1908) Grab- und Denksteine des Mittleren Reichs im Museum von Kairo, volume II, page 149

[3] Gardiner, Alan (1911) Egyptian Hieratic Texts: Series I: Literary Texts of the New Kingdom: Part I: The Papyrus Anastasi I and the Papyrus Koller, together with the Parallel Texts, page 2

[4] Moussa, Ahmed M. and Altenmüller, Hartwig (1977) Das Grab des Nianchchnum und Chnumhotep (Archäologische Veröffentlichungen 21), Deutsches Archäologisches Institut, Abt. Kairo, Mainz, page 134 and plate 65

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