san
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Page categories
Translingual
editSymbol
editsan
English
editEtymology 1
editFrom Ancient Greek σάν (sán), from Semitic.
Noun
editsan (plural sans)
- A letter of the Archaic Greek alphabet (uppercase Ϻ, lowercase ϻ) that came after pi and before qoppa.
Translations
editSee also
edit- sigma
San (letter) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
Etymology 2
editShortening of sanatorium.
Pronunciation
editNoun
editsan (plural sans)
- (dated, informal) A sanatorium.
- 1940, Enid Blyton, The Naughtiest Girl in the School:
- "Haven't you heard?" said Belinda. "Joan's ill! She'd got a high temperature, and she's in bed in the San."
- 1958, Doris Lessing, A Ripple From the Storm, HarperPerennial, published 1995, page 122:
- ‘I was in the san for ten months before the war. I know all the gen about being sick.’
- 2005, Dan Soucoup, Richard Thorne McCully, McCully's New Brunswick, page 137:
- River Glade Sanatorium, River Glade, June 25, 1931. The "San" at River Glade with the Petitcodiac River in the background.
See also
edit- eco-san
- san fairy ann (etymologically unrelated)
Anagrams
editAfar
editEtymology
editFrom Proto-Cushitic *ʔisŋʷ-. Cognates include Hadiyya sane, Oromo funyaan, Sidamo sano, Somali san and Saho san.
Pronunciation
editNoun
editsán m (plural sanitté f or sanwá f)
References
edit- Mohamed Hassan Kamil (2015) L’afar: description grammaticale d’une langue couchitique (Djibouti, Erythrée et Ethiopie)[1], Paris: Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (doctoral thesis), page 61
Atong (India)
editEtymology
edit(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Noun
editsan
References
edit- van Breugel, Seino. 2015. Atong-English dictionary, second edition. Available online: https://www.academia.edu/487044/Atong_English_Dictionary.
Catalan
editPronunciation
editNoun
editsan f (plural sans)
Classical Nahuatl
editParticle
editsan
- Alternative spelling of zan
Cypriot Arabic
editEtymology
editFrom the diminutive of Arabic لِسَان (lisān).
Noun
editsan f (plural sanát)
Derived terms
editReferences
edit- Borg, Alexander (2004) A Comparative Glossary of Cypriot Maronite Arabic (Arabic–English) (Handbook of Oriental Studies; I.70), Leiden and Boston: Brill, page 417
Dongxiang
editEtymology
editFrom Proto-Mongolic *sam, compare Mongolian сам (sam).
Pronunciation
editNoun
editsan
Dutch
editEtymology
editFrom Ancient Greek σάν (sán).
Noun
editsan c (plural san's, diminutive sannetje n)
- san (archaic Greek letter)
Further reading
editsan (letter) on the Dutch Wikipedia.Wikipedia nl
Finnish
editEtymology
edit< Ancient Greek σάν (sán)
Pronunciation
editNoun
editsan
- san (letter in Ancient Greek alphabet)
Declension
editInflection of san (Kotus type 5/risti, no gradation) | |||
---|---|---|---|
nominative | san | sanit | |
genitive | sanin | sanien | |
partitive | sania | saneja | |
illative | saniin | saneihin | |
singular | plural | ||
nominative | san | sanit | |
accusative | nom. | san | sanit |
gen. | sanin | ||
genitive | sanin | sanien | |
partitive | sania | saneja | |
inessive | sanissa | saneissa | |
elative | sanista | saneista | |
illative | saniin | saneihin | |
adessive | sanilla | saneilla | |
ablative | sanilta | saneilta | |
allative | sanille | saneille | |
essive | sanina | saneina | |
translative | saniksi | saneiksi | |
abessive | sanitta | saneitta | |
instructive | — | sanein | |
comitative | See the possessive forms below. |
Franco-Provençal
editEtymology
editAdjective
editsan (feminine sana, masculine plural sans, feminine plural sanes) (ORB, broad)
Derived terms
editReferences
editFrench
editPronunciation 1
editNoun
editsan m (plural san)
- san (Greek letter)
Pronunciation 2
editEtymology
editDeterminer
editsan n (singular, plural ses)
- (gender-neutral, neologism) his, her, their, its
- Je connais très bien san partenaire.
- I know their partner wery well.
Related terms
editSee also
editAnagrams
editFriulian
editEtymology
editAdjective
editsan
Related terms
editGalician
editPronunciation
editEtymology 1
editFrom Old Galician-Portuguese san, from Latin sanctus. Cognate with Portuguese são and Spanish san.
Alternative forms
editAdjective
editsan m (apocopate, standard form santo)
Etymology 2
editFrom Old Galician-Portuguese são (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin sānus. Cognate with Portuguese são and Spanish sano.
Alternative forms
editAdjective
editsan (feminine sa, masculine plural sans, feminine plural sas)
- healthy, sound
- 1775, María Francisca Isla y Losada, Romance:
- Ay Jesús! miña Joiña!
non falemos nesto mais,
que dá grima sò o pensalo,
Deus vos garde bo é san.
Santiago. Febreiro doce
Aÿ! que non sey que me dà,
que me esfraquezo de todo,
è non podo vafexàr.- Oh, Jesus! My Jewel!
Let's not talk about this anymore
because it brings creeps just to think about it.
God take care of you, safe and sound.
Santiago, February twelve
Oh!, I don't know what happens to me
I'm totally weakening
and I can't breathe
- Oh, Jesus! My Jewel!
Related terms
editReferences
edit- Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “são”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
- Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “san”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
- Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “são”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: ILG
- Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “san”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
- Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “san”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
- Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “san”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN
Garifuna
editEtymology
editNumeral
editsan
Haitian Creole
editPronunciation
editEtymology 1
editNumeral
editsan
Etymology 2
editNoun
editsan
Hokkien
editFor pronunciation and definitions of san – see 山 (“mountain; hill; hill-shaped object; etc.”). (This term is the pe̍h-ōe-jī form of 山). |
Irish
editEtymology 1
editFrom Middle Irish (i)sind, (i)sin, from Old Irish isin(d/t) (“in the m or f or n sg dative”), isin (“into the m or f sg accusative”), isa (“into the n sg accusative”), from Proto-Celtic *in sindū/sindai (“in the m sg/f sg dative”), *in sindom/sindam (“into the m sg/f sg accusative”).
Pronunciation
edit- IPA(key): /sˠən̪ˠ/, /sˠənˠ/ (before a, o, u, fha, fho, fhu)
- IPA(key): /sˠənʲ/ (before e, i, fhe, fhi)
Contraction
editsan
Usage notes
editUsed before vowel sounds and f (which lenites); (otherwise, sa is used):
- san amhrán ― in the song
- san fhocal ― in the word
Often understood to be a contraction of ins an, but the forms san, sa were in common use by the 12th century and accepted in Classical Gaelic poetry while ins is a later innovation with the -n- reintroduced by analogy.
Related terms
editBasic form | Contracted with | Copular forms | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
an (“the sg”) | na (“the pl”) | mo (“my”) | do (“your”) | a (“his, her, their; which (present)”) | ár (“our”) | ar (“which (past)”) | (before consonant) | (present/future before vowel) | (past/conditional before vowel) | |
de (“from”) | den | de na desna* |
de mo dem* |
de do ded*, det* |
dá | dár | dar | darb | darbh | |
do (“to, for”) | don | do na dosna* |
do mo dom* |
do do dod*, dot* |
dá | dár | dar | darb | darbh | |
faoi (“under, about”) | faoin | faoi na | faoi mo | faoi do | faoina | faoinár | faoinar | faoinarb | faoinarbh | |
i (“in”) | sa, san | sna | i mo im* |
i do id*, it* |
ina | inár | inar | inarb | inarbh | |
le (“with”) | leis an | leis na | le mo lem* |
le do led*, let* |
lena | lenár | lenar | lenarb | lenarbh | |
ó (“from, since”) | ón | ó na ósna* |
ó mo óm* |
ó do ód*, ót* |
óna | ónár | ónar | ónarb | ónarbh | |
trí (“through”) | tríd an | trí na | trí mo | trí do | trína | trínár | trínar | trínarb | trínarbh | |
*Dialectal. |
Further reading
edit- Osborn Bergin (1916) “Irish Grammatical Tracts (Introductory)”, in Ériu, volume 8, Supplement, Royal Irish Academy, , →JSTOR, §67, page 17
- McKenna, Lambert, editor (1944), Bardic Syntactical Tracts, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, page 113: “Before pl. art. i n- gives is na, ’sna; in such cases a h- gives as na. (…) Before sg. art. i n- is isin, san (often sa before consonants).”
- Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “i”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “san”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
- “san”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013-2024
Etymology 2
editPronunciation
editDeterminer
editsan
- (nonstandard) Alternative form of sin (“that”) (used after a broad consonant)
- an fear san ― that man (standard: an fear sin)
Italian
editPronunciation
editEtymology 1
edit(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Noun
editsan m or f (uncountable)
- san (Greek letter)
Etymology 2
edit- see santo
Noun
editsan m (apocopated)
See also
editJapanese
editRomanization
editsan
Karaim
editEtymology
editFrom Proto-Turkic *sā-. Compare to Turkish san, Southern Altai сагыш (sagïš), etc.
Noun
editsan
References
edit- N. A. Baskakov, S.M. Šapšala, editor (1973), “san”, in Karaimsko-Russko-Polʹskij Slovarʹ [Karaim-Russian-Polish Dictionary], Moscow: Moskva, →ISBN
Khasi
edit< 4 | 5 | 6 > |
---|---|---|
Cardinal : san | ||
Etymology
editFrom Proto-Khasian *san. Compare Pnar san, Lyngngam san, War-Jaintia san.
Pronunciation
editNumeral
editsan
Verb
editsan
- to grow up
References
edit- Singh, U Nissor (1906) Khasi-English dictionary[2], Shillong: Eastern Bengal and Assam Secretariat Press, page 183. Searchable online at SEAlang.net.
Kuna
editNoun
editsan
Lombard
editEtymology
editAkin to Italian sano, from Latin sanus.
Adjective
editsan
Mandarin
editRomanization
edit- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 𠮿
san
- Nonstandard spelling of sān.
- Nonstandard spelling of sǎn.
- Nonstandard spelling of sàn.
Usage notes
edit- Transcriptions of Mandarin into the Latin script often do not distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without indication of tone.
Middle English
editEtymology 1
editA contracted form of earlier sægen, from Old English sæċġan, alternative form of seċġan.
Verb
editsãn
- Alternative form of seien
Etymology 2
editFrom Old French san, alternative form of senz.
Preposition
editsan
- Alternative form of saunz
Norman
editEtymology
editFrom Vulgar Latin sum, from Classical Latin suum.
Pronunciation
editDeterminer
editsan m
North Frisian
editEtymology 1
editFrom Old Frisian sunne. Cognates include West Frisian sinne.
Noun
editsan m
- (Mooring and Föhr-Amrum) sun
- A san gungt up. ― The sun rises.
- A san gungt oner. ― The sun sets.
Etymology 2
editFrom Old Frisian sīn.
Pronoun
editOld Czech
editAlternative forms
editEtymology
editInherited from Proto-Slavic *sanь.
Pronunciation
editNoun
editsan f or m animal
Declension
editsingular | dual | plural | |
---|---|---|---|
nominative | san | sani | sani |
genitive | sani | saňú | saní |
dative | sani | sanma | sanem |
accusative | san | sani | sani |
vocative | sani | sani | sani |
locative | sani | saňú | sanech |
instrumental | saňú | sanma | sanmi |
See also Appendix:Old Czech nouns and Appendix:Old Czech pronunciation.
singular | dual | plural | |
---|---|---|---|
nominative | san | sani | sanie |
genitive | sani | saňú | saní |
dative | sani | sanma | sanem |
accusative | san, sani | sani | sani |
vocative | sani | sani | sanie |
locative | sani | saňú | sanech |
instrumental | sanem | sanma | sanmi |
See also Appendix:Old Czech nouns and Appendix:Old Czech pronunciation.
singular | dual | plural | |
---|---|---|---|
nominative | san | sany | sani, sanové |
genitive | sana, sanu | sanú | sanóv |
dative | sanu, sanovi | sanoma | sanóm |
accusative | san, sana | sany | sany |
vocative | sane | sany | sani, sanové |
locative | saně, sanu, sanovi | sanú | saniech |
instrumental | sanem | sanoma | sany |
See also Appendix:Old Czech nouns and Appendix:Old Czech pronunciation.
Related terms
editDescendants
edit- Czech: saň
Further reading
edit- Jan Gebauer (1903–1916) “san”, in Slovník staročeský (in Czech), Prague: Česká grafická společnost "unie", Česká akademie císaře Františka Josefa pro vědy, slovesnost a umění
Old French
editNoun
editsan oblique singular, m (oblique plural sans, nominative singular sans, nominative plural san)
- Alternative form of sens
Pali
editAlternative forms
editEtymology
editInherited from Sanskrit श्वन् (śvan).
Noun
editsan m
Declension
editOnly consensus forms are shown.
Descendants
edit- → Thai: สา (sǎa)
References
edit- Pali Text Society (1921–1925) “san”, in Pali-English Dictionary, London: Chipstead
Pnar
edit< 4 | 5 | 6 > |
---|---|---|
Cardinal : san Ordinal : wa san | ||
Etymology
editFrom Proto-Khasian *san, from Proto-Mon-Khmer *suun ~ *suən ~ *sən; cognate with Khasi san, Mang han², Mon မသုန် (pəsɔn) and Proto-Palaungic *pəsan (whence Riang [Lang] kʰan¹ and Danau θʊn⁴).
Pronunciation
editNumeral
editsan
Rohingya
editAlternative forms
edit- 𐴏𐴝𐴕 (san) — Hanifi Rohingya script
Etymology
editFrom Sanskrit चन्द्र (candra); cognate with Bengali চাঁদ (cãd).
Noun
editsan (Hanifi spelling 𐴏𐴝𐴕)
Romani
editVerb
editsan
Scottish Gaelic
editEtymology
editFrom Middle Irish (i)sind, (i)sin, from Old Irish isin(d/t) (“in the m or f or n sg dative”), isin (“into the m or f sg accusative”), isa (“into the n sg accusative”).
Preposition
editsan
- in the
- san anmoch ― in the evening
- san fhad-ùine ― in the long run
- san t-seanchas ― in conversation
- san achadh bhuan ― in the harvest field
Usage notes
edit- This form is not used before nouns beginning with b, c, g, m or p, where sa is used instead.
- If followed by f, the f is lenited:
- facal - word,
- san fhacal - in the word.
- Often understood to be a contraction of anns an, but the forms san, sa were in common use by the 12th century and accepted in Classical Gaelic poetry while anns is a later innovation with the -n- reintroduced by analogy.
Related terms
editReferences
edit- Osborn Bergin (1916) “Irish Grammatical Tracts (Introductory)”, in Ériu, volume 8, Supplement, Royal Irish Academy, , →JSTOR, §67, page 17
- McKenna, Lambert, editor (1944), Bardic Syntactical Tracts, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, page 113: “Before pl. art. i n- gives is na, ’sna; in such cases a h- gives as na. (…) Before sg. art. i n- is isin, san (often sa before consonants).”
- Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “i”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
Serbo-Croatian
editEtymology
editInherited from Proto-Slavic *sъ̀nъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *súpnas, from Proto-Indo-European *supnós.
Pronunciation
editNoun
editsȁn m (Cyrillic spelling са̏н)
- sleep
- dream
- Šta si videla u tom snu? ― What did you see in that dream?
- 1993, Bajaga i Instruktori (lyrics and music), “Ovo je Balkan”, in Bajaga i Instruktori (lyrics), Muzika na struju[3], performed by Bajaga i Instruktori, Produkcija Stig:
- Ovo je ovde Balkan,
Zemlja iz sna,
Između moćnih sila
Dobra i zla.- This here is the Balkans
A land from dreams
Between powerful forces
Good and evil.
- This here is the Balkans
Declension
editsingular | plural | |
---|---|---|
nominative | sȁn | snȏvi / snȉ |
genitive | snȁ | snȏvā |
dative | snȕ | snȏvima / snȉma |
accusative | sȁn | snȏve / snȅ |
vocative | snȅ | snȏvi / snȉ |
locative | snȕ | snȏvima / snȉma |
instrumental | snȍm | snȏvima / snȉma |
Derived terms
editReferences
edit- “san” in Hrvatski jezični portal
Somali
editEtymology
editFrom Proto-Cushitic *ʔisŋʷ-. Cognates include Afar san, Hadiyya sane, Oromo funyaan, Saho san and Sidamo sano.
Noun
editsan ?
References
edit- san Afmaal Somali-English Dictionary.
Spanish
editPronunciation
editEtymology 1
editAlternative forms
edit- San (in proper nouns, capitalized)
Noun
editsan m (plural sanes)
- (Dominican Republic) financial, temporal-savings scheme; the participants periodically contribute a quota to a communal pot that is given to one member, based on his/her turn amongst all the others
Adjective
editsan m (apocopate, standard form santo)
Usage notes
edit- Not used in front names beginning with To- or Do- syllables like Tomás, Tomé, Toribio, and Domingo. Santo is used instead.
Etymology 2
editNoun
editsan f (plural sanes)
Further reading
edit- “san”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
Tagalog
editPronunciation
edit- (Standard Tagalog) IPA(key): /ˈsan/ [ˈsan̪]
- Rhymes: -an
- Syllabification: san
Pronoun
editsan (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜈ᜔)
- Informal form of saan.
Tatar
editNoun
editsan
Ter Sami
editEtymology
editBorrowed from Russian са́ни (sáni).
Noun
editsan
Further reading
edit- Koponen, Eino, Ruppel, Klaas, Aapala, Kirsti, editors (2002–2008), Álgu database: Etymological database of the Saami languages[4], Helsinki: Research Institute for the Languages of Finland
Tok Pisin
editEtymology
editNoun
editsan
Derived terms
editTorres Strait Creole
editEtymology
editNoun
editsan
Turkish
editEtymology
editFrom Ottoman Turkish صان (san), a derivation from Proto-Turkic *sā- (“to count”). Related to say- (“to count”) and san- (“to consider”).
Noun
editsan (definite accusative sanı, plural sanlar)
Declension
editInflection | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Nominative | san | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Definite accusative | sanı | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Singular | Plural | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Nominative | san | sanlar | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Definite accusative | sanı | sanları | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dative | sana | sanlara | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Locative | sanda | sanlarda | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ablative | sandan | sanlardan | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Genitive | sanın | sanların | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Derived terms
editRelated terms
editFurther reading
edit- “san”, in Turkish dictionaries, Türk Dil Kurumu
Venetian
editEtymology
editAdjective
editsan
Vietnamese
editPronunciation
edit- (Hà Nội) IPA(key): [saːn˧˧]
- (Huế) IPA(key): [ʂaːŋ˧˧] ~ [saːŋ˧˧]
- (Saigon) IPA(key): [ʂaːŋ˧˧] ~ [saːŋ˧˧]
Verb
editsan
Derived terms
editYoruba
editEtymology 1
editPronunciation
editVerb
editsan
- to pay
- Ó ti san owó orí ìyàwó. ― He has paid the bride price.
Derived terms
editEtymology 2
editPronunciation
editVerb
editsàn
Derived terms
editEtymology 3
editPronunciation
editVerb
editsán
Etymology 4
editCompare Nupe sán (“to split; to ache (head)”).
Pronunciation
editVerb
editsán
Zhuang
editEtymology
editFrom Proto-Tai *saːn. Cognate with Thai สาน (sǎan), Northern Thai ᩈᩣ᩠ᨶ, Lao ສານ (sān), Lü ᦉᦱᧃ (ṡaan), Khün ᩈᩣ᩠ᨶ, Shan သၢၼ် (sǎan), Ahom 𑜏𑜃𑜫 (san).
Pronunciation
edit- (Standard Zhuang) IPA(key): /θaːn˨˦/
- Tone numbers: san1
- Hyphenation: san
Verb
editsan (1957–1982 spelling san)
- to weave
- Translingual lemmas
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- ISO 639-2
- ISO 639-3
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