ser
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Page categories
English
editEtymology 1
editNoun
editser
- Abbreviation of serial.
Etymology 2
editNoun
editser (plural sers)
Etymology 3
editFrom Middle English ser. Popularised in modern fantasy by George R. R. Martin in the A Song of Ice and Fire series starting in 1996.
Noun
editser (plural sers)
- (archaic, now chiefly fantasy) Alternative spelling of sir
- Would ser care to dine this evening?
- 1996, George R. R. Martin, A Game of Thrones: A Song of Ice and Fire: Book One, Bantam, →ISBN:
- "Ser Willem is a good man and true,” said Ser Oswell.
“But not of the Kingsguard,” Ser Gerold pointed out.
- 2014 January 16, Miles Cameron, The Fell Sword, Hachette UK, →ISBN:
- Lady Mary – the Queen's handmaiden – was Ser Gawain's lady; her veil fluttered from his shoulder.
- 2023 July 21, Ivan Lekoski, Invictus, Austin Macauley Publishers, →ISBN:
- You don't strike me as an ordinary soldier, are you perchance Ser Lancelot Germaine of the Round Table?
Anagrams
editAsturian
editEtymology
editFrom Early Medieval Latin essere, from Latin esse.
Pronunciation
editVerb
editser
- to be
Conjugation
editNoun
editser m (plural seres)
Derived terms
editBaure
editNoun
editser
- tooth
- niser — my tooth
- eser — a tooth, someone's tooth
- nitorak to eser — I found a/someone's tooth
References
edit- Languages of the Amazon (2012, →ISBN
Catalan
editAlternative forms
editEtymology 1
editPerhaps borrowed from Aragonese or Spanish ser. Doublet of ésser.
Pronunciation
editVerb
editser (first-person singular present soc, first-person singular preterite fui, past participle estat or sigut); root stress: (Central, Valencia, Balearic) /e/
- (intransitive) to be, to exist
- Ser o no ser, aquesta és la qüestió.
- To be or not to be, that is the question.
- (intransitive, +adverbial phrase) to be located (to be in a place)
- (transitive, copulative) to be (used to connect a noun to another noun)
- (transitive, copulative) to have a characteristic (used to connect a noun to an adjective that describes an inherent property)
- (auxiliary) auxiliary verb to form the passive voice, together with a past participle
- han estat enganyats
- they have been deceived
Usage notes
edit- This is one of two verbs that can be translated as to be, the other being estar. Ser/ésser indicates an inherent quality, whereas estar indicates temporary qualities that apply only at a particular time. Ser/ésser relates to estar as essence relates to state, etymologically as well as semantically.
Conjugation
editinfinitive | ser | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gerund | sent, essent | ||||||
past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
singular | estat, sigut | estada, siguda | |||||
plural | estats, siguts | estades, sigudes | |||||
person | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè |
nosaltres nós |
vosaltres vós |
ells/elles vostès | |
present | soc | ets | és | som | sou | són | |
imperfect | era | eres | era | érem | éreu | eren | |
future | seré | seràs | serà | serem | sereu | seran | |
preterite | fui | fores | fou | fórem | fóreu | foren | |
conditional | seria, fora | series, fores | seria, fora | seríem, fórem | seríeu, fóreu | serien, foren | |
subjunctive | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè |
nosaltres nós |
vosaltres vós |
ells/elles vostès | |
present | sigui | siguis | sigui | siguem | sigueu | siguin | |
imperfect | fos | fossis | fos | fóssim | fóssiu | fossin | |
imperative | — | tu | vostè | nosaltres | vosaltres vós |
vostès | |
affirmative | — | sigues | sigui | siguem | sigueu | siguin | |
negative (no) | — | no siguis | no sigui | no siguem | no sigueu | no siguin |
Derived terms
editEtymology 2
editNominalization of Etymology 1.
Pronunciation
editNoun
editser m (plural sers)
- being (living creature)
Further reading
edit- “ser” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
- “ser” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
Chinese
editEtymology 1
editFrom clipping of English server.
Pronunciation
edit- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: soe1
- Yale: sēu
- Cantonese Pinyin: soe1
- Guangdong Romanization: sê1
- Sinological IPA (key): /sœː⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
Noun
editser
Derived terms
editSee also
editEtymology 2
editFrom clipping of English search.
Alternative forms
editPronunciation
edit- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: soe1
- Yale: sēu
- Cantonese Pinyin: soe1
- Guangdong Romanization: sê1
- Sinological IPA (key): /sœː⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
Verb
editser
- (Hong Kong Cantonese, computing) to search on the Internet; to google
See also
edit- search (soe1 cyu4)
Czech
editPronunciation
editVerb
editser
Danish
editPronunciation
editVerb
editser
Galician
editEtymology
editFrom Old Galician-Portuguese ser, from Early Medieval Latin essere, from Latin esse. The forms son (“I am”) and sodes pl (“you are”) derive from a Vulgar Latin *sonō and *sutis.
Along the way, the verb absorbed Old Galician-Portuguese seer < Latin sedēre (“sit”). The latter supplied the present subjunctive of modern ser, where /-ʃ-/ reflects Late Latin /-(d)j-/, as in sexa < sedeat).
Pronunciation
editVerb
editser (first-person singular present son, first-person singular preterite fun, past participle sido)
ser (first-person singular present sou, first-person singular preterite fum or fui, past participle sido, reintegrationist norm)
- (copulative) to be
- Brais é moi alto ― Brais is very tall.
- (auxiliary) to be; forms the passive voice [with past participle]
- (intransitive) to be (to have as one’s place of origin) [with de ‘from somewhere’]
- (intransitive) to be (someone’s); to belong to [with de ‘someone’]
- (intransitive) to be for; to be to (to have as its purpose) [with para (+ personal infinitive) or de (+ personal infinitive) ‘for doing something’]
- (intransitive) to be; indicates persistence or reiteration [with a (+ infinitive)]
- 1929, Antolín Santos Mediante, Escolma:
- anque o matrimoño é cruz,
i eu negá-lo non pretendo,
dous son a cargar con ela
que sempre se alivia o peso- even though the marriage is a cross,
I don't mean to deny it,
there are two carrying it,
that always relieves the weight
- even though the marriage is a cross,
Usage notes
editLike Portuguese and Spanish, Galician has two different verbs that are usually translated to English as “to be”. The verb ser relates to essence, origin, or physical description. In contrast, the verb estar relates to current state or position.
Conjugation
editSingular | Plural | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
First-person (eu) |
Second-person (ti) |
Third-person (el / ela / Vde.) |
First-person (nós) |
Second-person (vós) |
Third-person (eles / elas / Vdes.) | |
Infinitive | ||||||
Impersonal | ser | |||||
Personal | ser | seres | ser | sermos | serdes | seren |
Gerund | ||||||
sendo | ||||||
Past participle | ||||||
Masculine | sido | sidos | ||||
Feminine | sida | sidas | ||||
Indicative | ||||||
Present | son | es | é | somos | sodes | son |
Imperfect | era | eras | era | eramos | erades | eran |
Preterite | fun | fuches | foi | fomos | fostes | foron |
Pluperfect | fora | foras | fora | foramos | forades | foran |
Future | serei | serás | será | seremos | seredes | serán |
Conditional | sería | serías | sería | seriamos | seriades | serían |
Subjunctive | ||||||
Present | sexa | sexas | sexa | sexamos | sexades | sexan |
Imperfect | fose | foses | fose | fósemos | fósedes | fosen |
Future | for | fores | for | formos | fordes | foren |
Imperative | ||||||
Affirmative | sé | sexa | sexamos | sede | sexan | |
Negative (non) | non sexas | non sexa | non sexamos | non sexades | non sexan |
Singular | Plural | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
First-person (eu) |
Second-person (ti / tu) |
Third-person (ele / ela / você) |
First-person (nós) |
Second-person (vós) |
Third-person (eles / elas / vocês) | |
Infinitive | ||||||
Impersonal | ser | |||||
Personal | ser | seres | ser | sermos | serdes | serem |
Gerund | ||||||
sendo | ||||||
Past participle | ||||||
Masculine | sido | — | ||||
Feminine | — | — | ||||
Indicative | ||||||
Present | sou | és | é | somos | sodes, sois | som, são |
Imperfect | era | eras | era | éramos | érades, éreis, érais1 | eram |
Preterite | fum, fui | foste, foche1 | foi | fomos | fostes | fôrom, foram |
Pluperfect | fora | foras | fora | fôramos | fôrades, fôreis, fôrais1 | foram |
Future | serei | serás | será | seremos | seredes, sereis | serám, serão |
Conditional | seria | serias | seria | seríamos | seríades, seríeis, seríais1 | seriam |
Subjunctive | ||||||
Present | seja | sejas | seja | sejamos | sejades, sejais | sejam |
Imperfect | fosse | fosses | fosse | fôssemos | fôssedes, fôsseis | fossem |
Future | for | fores | for | formos | fordes | forem |
Imperative | ||||||
Affirmative | sê | seja | sejamos | sede | sejam | |
Negative (nom) | nom sejas | nom seja | nom sejamos | nom sejades, nom sejais | nom sejam |
1Less recommended.
Derived terms
edit- ser quen (“to be able to; to dare”)
Noun
editser m (plural seres)
- being (living creature)
See also
editFurther reading
edit- “ser”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, since 2012
Hungarian
editPronunciation
editNoun
editser (countable and uncountable, plural serek)
Usage notes
editAn archaic and dialectal variant of sör, but today it can also be humorous in informal conversations. In compound words and derivations, almost only sör is used.
Declension
editInflection (stem in -e-, front unrounded harmony) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | ser | serek |
accusative | sert | sereket |
dative | sernek | sereknek |
instrumental | serrel | serekkel |
causal-final | serért | serekért |
translative | serré | serekké |
terminative | serig | serekig |
essive-formal | serként | serekként |
essive-modal | serül | — |
inessive | serben | serekben |
superessive | seren | sereken |
adessive | sernél | sereknél |
illative | serbe | serekbe |
sublative | serre | serekre |
allative | serhez | serekhez |
elative | serből | serekből |
delative | serről | serekről |
ablative | sertől | serektől |
non-attributive possessive - singular |
seré | sereké |
non-attributive possessive - plural |
seréi | serekéi |
Possessive forms of ser | ||
---|---|---|
possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
1st person sing. | serem | sereim |
2nd person sing. | sered | sereid |
3rd person sing. | sere | serei |
1st person plural | serünk | sereink |
2nd person plural | seretek | sereitek |
3rd person plural | serük | sereik |
Derived terms
editFurther reading
edit- ser , redirecting to sör in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
Italian
editEtymology
editPronunciation
editNoun
editser m
- (historical) sir (title and form of address for a gentleman, shortened from messer)
- Leonardo di ser Piero da Vinci ― Leonardo di ser Piero da Vinci (literally, “Leonardo son of Peter, from Vinci”)
Ladino
editVerb
editser (Latin spelling, Hebrew spelling סיר)
- to be
Lolopo
editEtymology
editFrom Proto-Loloish *swa² (Bradley), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan. Cognate with Burmese သွား (swa:), Japhug tɯɕɣa, Tibetan སོ (so), Drung sa, Tedim Chin ha:², Jingpho wa.
Pronunciation
editNoun
editser
- (Yao'an) tooth
Mauritian Creole
editPronunciation
editEtymology 1
editNoun
editser
Etymology 2
editAdjective
editser
Middle Dutch
editNoun
editser
- (title and pronoun) sir, lord
- 1301-1350, Van den VII vroeden van binnen Rome. Een dichtwerk der XIVde eeuw (INL)
- Garijn, ser Diederecs sone
- Garijn, sir Diederec's son
- 1414, Hennen van Merchtenen's Cornicke van Brabant (INL)
- Als ijemen sterven plach, hinc men daer teken ser wapen
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
- 1301-1350, Van den VII vroeden van binnen Rome. Een dichtwerk der XIVde eeuw (INL)
Further reading
edit- Verwijs, E., Verdam, J. (1885–1929) “ser (I)”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN, page I
Middle English
editEtymology 1
editNoun
editser
- Alternative form of sire
- 1407, The Testimony of William Thorpe, page 40:
- And I seide, “Ser, in his tyme maister Ioon Wiclef was holden of ful many men the grettis clerk that thei knewen lyuynge vpon erthe.
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
Etymology 2
editNoun
editser
- Alternative form of sere (“dry”)
Etymology 3
editAdjective
editser
- Alternative form of sere (“differing”)
Mirandese
editEtymology
editFrom Early Medieval Latin essere, from Latin esse.
Pronunciation
editVerb
editser
- to be (indicates a permanent quality)
Conjugation
editinfinitive | ser | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gerund | sendo | ||||||
past participle | singular | plural | |||||
masculine | sido | sidos | |||||
feminine | sida | sidas | |||||
person | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | you | tu | el | nós | bós | eilhes | |
present | sou | sós | yê | somos | sodes | son | |
imperfect | era | eras | era | éramos | érades | éran | |
preterite | fui | fuste | fui | fumos | fustes | fúrun | |
pluperfect | fura | furas | fura | fúramos | fúrades | fúran | |
future | serei | serás | será | seremos | sereis | seran | |
conditional | serie | series | serie | seriemos | seriedes | serien | |
subjunctive | you | tu | el | nós | bós | eilhes | |
present | seia | seias | seia | séiamos | séiades | séian | |
preterite | fusse | fusses | fusse | fússemos | fússedes | fússen | |
future | fur | fures | fur | furmos | furdes | fúren | |
imperative | — | tu | — | — | bós | — | |
affirmative | — | sei | — | — | sede | — | |
negative | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
personal infinitive | you | tu | el | nós | bós | eilhes | |
ser | seres | ser | sermos | serdes | séren |
Noun
editser m (plural seres)
See also
editNorthern Kurdish
editEtymology 1
editFrom Proto-Iranian *cŕ̥Hah, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćŕ̥Has (“head, top”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱŕ̥h₂-os, derived from the root *ḱerh₂- (“head, horn”).
Alternative forms
editNoun
editser m (Arabic spelling سەر)
Declension
editEtymology 2
editSame as above.
Preposition
editser (Arabic spelling سەر)
References
edit- Chyet, Michael L. (2020) “ser I”, in Ferhenga Birûskî: Kurmanji–English Dictionary (Language Series; 2), volume 2, London: Transnational Press, page 233
- Chyet, Michael L. (2020) “ser II”, in Ferhenga Birûskî: Kurmanji–English Dictionary (Language Series; 2), volume 2, London: Transnational Press, page 234
Norwegian Bokmål
editPronunciation
editVerb
editser
Norwegian Nynorsk
editVerb
editser
Pohnpeian
editPronunciation
editVerb
editser
- (intransitive) to run aground
Interjection
editser
Polish
editAlternative forms
editEtymology
editInherited from Old Polish syr, from Proto-Slavic *syrъ. Doublet of żur.
Pronunciation
editNoun
editser m inan (diminutive serek, related adjective serowy or (obsolete) serny)
- (uncountable) cheese (dairy product made from curdled or cultured milk)
- Hypernym: nabiał
- (countable) cheese (any particular variety of cheese)
- (countable) cheese (piece of cheese, especially one moulded into a large round shape during manufacture)
- Hypernym: porcja
Declension
editDerived terms
editRelated terms
edit- serowacieć impf
Further reading
edit- ser in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
- ser in Polish dictionaries at PWN
- Brückner, Aleksander (1927) “ser”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish), Warsaw: Wiedza Powszechna
Portuguese
editEtymology
editFrom Old Galician-Portuguese ser, from Early Medieval Latin essere, from Latin esse. The forms sou (“I am”) and sois pl (“you are”) derive from a Vulgar Latin *sonō and *sutis.
Along the way, the verb absorbed Old Galician-Portuguese seer < Latin sedēre (“sit”). The latter supplied the present subjunctive of modern ser, where /-ʒ-/ reflects Late Latin /-(d)j-/, as in seja < sedeat).
Pronunciation
edit
- Rhymes: -eɾ
- Homophones: sê (Brazil), cê (Brazil) (with -r dropping)
- Hyphenation: ser
Verb
editser (first-person singular present sou, first-person singular preterite fui, past participle sido)
- (copulative) to be (to have the given quality), especially a quality that is intrinsic or not expected to change, contrasting with estar which denotes a temporary quality
- Ela está bonita, mas não é bonita.
- She is looking beautiful, but she is not beautiful.
- (transitive) to be (to be an example or type of, or the same as)
- Pessoas são mamíferos.
- People are mammals.
- A soma de um e dois é três.
- The sum of one and two is three.
- (auxiliary) to be; forms the passive voice [with past participle]
- O carro foi vendido pelo seu antigo dono.
- The car was sold by its previous owner.
- Espero que os criminosos sejam punidos.
- I hope the criminals are punished.
- (intransitive) to be; indicates a point in time
- Que horas são?
- What time is it?
- São cinco horas.
- It is five o’clock.
- (intransitive) to be in (to be located in) [with em ‘location’ or another locational preposition or adverb]
- (intransitive) to be (to have as one’s place of origin) [with de ‘from somewhere’]
- (intransitive) to be (someone’s); to belong to [with de ‘someone’]
- (intransitive) to be for; to be to (to have as its purpose) [with para (+ personal infinitive) or de (+ personal infinitive) ‘for doing something’]
- (impersonal) to be supposed to; should; introduces an expected or demanded action [with para (+ subject pronoun (optional) with personal infinitive)]
- Synonym: dever
- Não sei porque está demorando, já era para o filme ter começado.
- I don’t know why it is taking so long, the film should have started already.
- É para comermos toda a carne.
- We are supposed to eat all the meat.
- (transitive) to be; to cost (to be worth a given amount of money)
- (intransitive) to happen; to take place; to occur
- (intransitive) to be against or in favour of [with a favor de ‘in favor of’; or with contra ‘against’]
- Alguns foram contra a guerra, mas a maioria foi a favor.
- Some were against the war, but most were in favour.
- (poetic, intransitive) to exist; to be
- O mal não é.
- Evil does not exist.
- (impersonal, transitive) used for emphasis
- Eu é que vim.
- I’m the one who came here.
Usage notes
editPortuguese has two different verbs that are usually translated to English as “to be”: generally ser relates to essence, contrasting with estar, which relates to state.
Contrast the following:
- O homem está feliz. ― The man is [currently] happy.
- O homem é feliz. ― The man is [always] happy.
- Você está louco? ― Are you crazy [acting or currently insane]?
- Você é louco? ― Are you crazy [permanently insane]?
- Ela está em casa. ― She is [currently] at home.
- Ela é do Brasil. ― She is [originally] from Brazil.
Conjugation
editSingular | Plural | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
First-person (eu) |
Second-person (tu) |
Third-person (ele / ela / você) |
First-person (nós) |
Second-person (vós) |
Third-person (eles / elas / vocês) | |
Infinitive | ||||||
Impersonal | ser | |||||
Personal | ser | seres | ser | sermos | serdes | serem |
Gerund | ||||||
sendo | ||||||
Past participle | ||||||
Masculine | sido | — | ||||
Feminine | — | — | ||||
Indicative | ||||||
Present | sou | és | é | somos | sois | são |
Imperfect | era | eras | era | éramos | éreis | eram |
Preterite | fui | foste | foi | fomos | fostes | foram |
Pluperfect | fora | foras | fora | fôramos | fôreis | foram |
Future | serei | serás | será | seremos | sereis | serão |
Conditional | seria | serias | seria | seríamos | seríeis | seriam |
Subjunctive | ||||||
Present | seja | sejas | seja | sejamos | sejais | sejam |
Imperfect | fosse | fosses | fosse | fôssemos | fôsseis | fossem |
Future | for | fores | for | formos | fordes | forem |
Imperative | ||||||
Affirmative | sê | seja | sejamos | sede | sejam | |
Negative (não) | não sejas | não seja | não sejamos | não sejais | não sejam |
Quotations
editFor quotations using this term, see Citations:ser.
Synonyms
edit- (forms the passive voice): any reflexive pronoun
See also
editNoun
editser m (plural seres)
Quotations
editFor quotations using this term, see Citations:ser.
Derived terms
editRomanian
editEtymology
editBorrowed from Latin serum, French sérum. Cf. also zer.
Pronunciation
editNoun
editser n (plural seruri)
Declension
editRomansch
editVerb
editser (Sursilvan)
- Alternative form of seser
Slovene
editEtymology 1
editInherited from Proto-Slavic *śěrъ.
Pronunciation
editAdjective
editsẹ̑r (comparative bȍlj sẹ̑r, superlative nȁjbolj sẹ̑r)
Declension
editHard | |||
---|---|---|---|
masculine | feminine | neuter | |
nom. sing. | sér | séra | séro |
singular | |||
masculine | feminine | neuter | |
nominative | sér ind séri def |
séra | séro |
genitive | sérega | sére | sérega |
dative | séremu | séri | séremu |
accusative | nominativeinan or genitiveanim |
séro | séro |
locative | sérem | séri | sérem |
instrumental | sérim | séro | sérim |
dual | |||
masculine | feminine | neuter | |
nominative | séra | séri | séri |
genitive | sérih | sérih | sérih |
dative | sérima | sérima | sérima |
accusative | séra | séri | séri |
locative | sérih | sérih | sérih |
instrumental | sérima | sérima | sérima |
plural | |||
masculine | feminine | neuter | |
nominative | séri | sére | séra |
genitive | sérih | sérih | sérih |
dative | sérim | sérim | sérim |
accusative | sére | sére | séra |
locative | sérih | sérih | sérih |
instrumental | sérimi | sérimi | sérimi |
Etymology 2
edit(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
editNoun
editsȇr m anim
- vulture of the genus Gypaetus
- brkati ser ― bearded vulture (Gypaetus barbatus)
Declension
editMasculine anim., hard o-stem | |||
---|---|---|---|
nom. sing. | sȇr | ||
gen. sing. | sȇra | ||
singular | dual | plural | |
nominative (imenovȃlnik) |
sȇr | sȇra | sȇri |
genitive (rodȋlnik) |
sȇra | sȇrov | sȇrov |
dative (dajȃlnik) |
sȇru | sȇroma | sȇrom |
accusative (tožȋlnik) |
sȇra | sȇra | sȇre |
locative (mẹ̑stnik) |
sȇru | sȇrih | sȇrih |
instrumental (orọ̑dnik) |
sȇrom | sȇroma | sȇri |
Further reading
edit- “ser”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran
- “ser”, in Termania, Amebis
- See also the general references
Spanish
editEtymology
editFrom Early Medieval Latin essere, from Latin esse. The form sois pl (“you are”) derives from a Vulgar Latin *sutis.
Along the way, the verb absorbed Old Spanish seer < Latin sedēre (“sit”).
Pronunciation
editVerb
editser (first-person singular present soy, first-person singular preterite fui, past participle sido)
- to be (essentially or identified as)
- Yo soy de los Estados Unidos. ― I am from the United States.
- Errar es humano. ― To err is human.
- 2007, El Sueño de Morfeo, Nada es Suficiente:
- ¿Qué voy a ser si te he dado lo que soy?
- What am I going to be if I've given you what I am?
- 2007, El Sueño de Morfeo, Para Toda la Vida:
- Si fueras una gota de agua, nadie volvería a tener sed
- If you were a drop of water, no one would thirst again
- to be (in the passive voice sense)
- La guitarra fue tocada. ― The guitar was played.
- to exist; to occur
- La fiesta será mañana. ― The party will be tomorrow.
Usage notes
edit- Spanish has two different verbs that are usually translated to English as “to be”: ser relates to essence, contrasting with estar, which relates to state. Contrast the following:
- El hombre está feliz. ― The man is [currently] happy.
- El hombre es feliz. ― The man is [always] happy.
- ¿Estás loco? ― Are you crazy [currently out of your mind]?
- ¿Eres loco? ― Are you crazy [an insane person]?
- El hombre está en España. ― The man is [currently] in Spain.
- El hombre es de España. ― The man is [originally] from Spain.
- ¿Cómo estás? ― How are you?
- ¿Cómo eres? ― What are you like?
However, when stating the location of an object (but not an event), estar is used whether the location is permanent or not:
- Madrid está en el centro de España. ― Madrid is in central Spain.
Conjugation
editinfinitive | ser | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gerund | siendo | ||||||
past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
singular | sido | sida | |||||
plural | sidos | sidas | |||||
singular | plural | ||||||
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
indicative | yo | tú vos |
él/ella/ello usted |
nosotros nosotras |
vosotros vosotras |
ellos/ellas ustedes | |
present | soy | erestú sosvos |
es | somos | sois | son | |
imperfect | era | eras | era | éramos | erais | eran | |
preterite | fui | fuiste | fue | fuimos | fuisteis | fueron | |
future | seré | serás | será | seremos | seréis | serán | |
conditional | sería | serías | sería | seríamos | seríais | serían | |
subjunctive | yo | tú vos |
él/ella/ello usted |
nosotros nosotras |
vosotros vosotras |
ellos/ellas ustedes | |
present | sea | seastú seásvos2 |
sea | seamos | seáis | sean | |
imperfect (ra) |
fuera | fueras | fuera | fuéramos | fuerais | fueran | |
imperfect (se) |
fuese | fueses | fuese | fuésemos | fueseis | fuesen | |
future1 | fuere | fueres | fuere | fuéremos | fuereis | fueren | |
imperative | — | tú vos |
usted | nosotros nosotras |
vosotros vosotras |
ustedes | |
affirmative | sé | sea | seamos | sed | sean | ||
negative | no seas | no sea | no seamos | no seáis | no sean |
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.
singular | plural | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
with infinitive ser | |||||||
dative | serme | serte | serle, serse | sernos | seros | serles, serse | |
accusative | serme | serte | serlo, serla, serse | sernos | seros | serlos, serlas, serse | |
with gerund siendo | |||||||
dative | siéndome | siéndote | siéndole, siéndose | siéndonos | siéndoos | siéndoles, siéndose | |
accusative | siéndome | siéndote | siéndolo, siéndola, siéndose | siéndonos | siéndoos | siéndolos, siéndolas, siéndose | |
with informal second-person singular tú/vos imperative sé | |||||||
dative | seme | sete | sele | senos | not used | seles | |
accusative | seme | sete | selo, sela | senos | not used | selos, selas | |
with formal second-person singular imperative sea | |||||||
dative | séame | not used | séale, séase | séanos | not used | séales | |
accusative | séame | not used | séalo, séala, séase | séanos | not used | séalos, séalas | |
with first-person plural imperative seamos | |||||||
dative | not used | seámoste | seámosle | seámonos | seámoos | seámosles | |
accusative | not used | seámoste | seámoslo, seámosla | seámonos | seámoos | seámoslos, seámoslas | |
with informal second-person plural imperative sed | |||||||
dative | sedme | not used | sedle | sednos | seos | sedles | |
accusative | sedme | not used | sedlo, sedla | sednos | seos | sedlos, sedlas | |
with formal second-person plural imperative sean | |||||||
dative | séanme | not used | séanle | séannos | not used | séanles, séanse | |
accusative | séanme | not used | séanlo, séanla | séannos | not used | séanlos, séanlas, séanse |
Derived terms
editSee also
editNoun
editser m (plural seres)
Related terms
editFurther reading
edit- “ser”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
Swedish
editPronunciation
editVerb
editser
- present indicative of se
Anagrams
editTagalog
editEtymology
editPronunciation
edit- (Standard Tagalog) IPA(key): /ˈseɾ/ [ˈsɛɾ]
- Rhymes: -eɾ
- Syllabification: ser
Noun
editser (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜒᜇ᜔)
- (colloquial) sir (A respectful term of address to a man of higher rank or position [often older], especially if his name or proper title is unknown)
Related terms
editSee also
editTurkish
editEtymology 1
editNoun
editser (definite accusative seri, plural serler)
Synonyms
editEtymology 2
editVerb
editser
Volapük
editNumeral
editser
Welsh
editEtymology
editFrom Old Welsh serr, Proto-Celtic *serrā. Cf. Middle Irish serr.
Pronunciation
editNoun
editser m (plural serrod or serroedd, not mutable)
Synonyms
edit- (scythe): pladur
References
edit- R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “ser”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
- Matasović, Ranko (2009) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN
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