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Wiktionary

rug

See also: rúg and rüg

English

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Etymology

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Uncertain; probably of North Germanic origin; perhaps inherited via Middle English *rugge (suggested by Middle English ruggy (“hairy, shaggy, bristly”) and rugged (“hairy, shaggy, rugged”)), from Old Norse rǫgg (“shagginess, tuft”), from Proto-Germanic *rawwō (“long wool”), probably related to *rūhaz (“rough”), related to English rag and rough.

Cognate with dialectal Norwegian rugga (“coarse coverlet”), Swedish rugg (“rough entangled hair”), related to English rag and rough. Compare also Old English rȳhe (“rug, rough covering, blanket”).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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rug (plural rugs)

  1. A partial covering for a floor. [1624]
  2. (UK, Australia) A (usually thick) piece of fabric used for warmth (especially on a bed); a blanket. [1591]
    • 1855, William Howitt, A Boy′s Adventures in the Wilds of Australia: or, Herbert′s Note-Book, page 254:
      They then cut down a quantity of gum-tree leaves for a bed, and threw their rugs upon them ready for bed-time.
    • 1906 July 27, Government Gazette of Western Australia, page 2297:
      Furnish every sleeping apartment with a sufficient number of toilet utensils and bedsteads, and sufficient bedding so that each bed shall be provided with a mattress, two sheets, a rug, and, in winter time, not less than one additional rug.
    • 1950 April, Dental Journal of Australia, Volume 22, page 181,
      My own son had a bunny rug of which he was very fond and on being put to bed he would always demand his “bunny rug to suck his finger with.″
    • 1958, Arthur Hailey, John Castle. Runway Zero-Eight. Bantham Books
      She tucked in a rug round the woman. “How’s that?” The woman nodded gratefully.
    • 1997, Alan Sharpe, Vivien Encel, Murder!: 25 True Australian Crimes, page 22:
      He brought with him a rug and a sheet, and lay down by the fire.
  3. (historical, now rare) A kind of coarse, heavy frieze, formerly used for clothing. [1547]
  4. (historical, now rare) A cloak or mantle made of such a frieze. [1577]
  5. (obsolete, rare) A person wearing a rug. [1627]
  6. A cloth covering for a horse. [1790]
  7. (obsolete, rare) A dense layer of natural vegetation that precludes the growth of crops. [1792]
  8. (slang) The female pubic hair. [1893]
  9. A rough, woolly, or shaggy dog.
  10. (slang) A wig; a hairpiece. [1940]
  11. (colloquial) A dense growth of chest hair. [1954]
  12. (US, slang, ethnic slur) Short for rughead.
    • 1980, John Irwin, Prisons in Turmoil, page 212:
      We're the motherfuckers be fightin' when the rugs [black prisoners] start wasting people around here.

Usage notes

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  • (partial floor covering): The terms rug and carpet are not precise synonyms: a rug covers part of the floor; a carpet covers most or a large area of the floor; a fitted carpet runs wall-to-wall.

Synonyms

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Derived terms

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Translations

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Verb

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rug (third-person singular simple present rugs, present participle rugging, simple past and past participle rugged)

  1. (transitive) To cover with a rug.
    • 1966, Margaret I. Clarke, Care of the Horse and Pony, page 45:
      It stands to reason that because of the difference in climate the necessity for rugging a horse in Australia would vary considerably from that in cold countries like England […]
  2. (Scotland, archaic) To pull roughly or hastily; to plunder; to spoil; to tear.

Derived terms

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Adjective

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rug (comparative more rug, superlative most rug)

  1. (UK, dialect, obsolete) (Can we verify(+) this sense?) snug; cosy

Part or all of this entry has been imported from the 1913 edition of Webster’s Dictionary, which is now free of copyright and hence in the public domain. The imported definitions may be significantly out of date, and any more recent senses may be completely missing.
(See the entry for “rug”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.)

Further reading

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Anagrams

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Afrikaans

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Etymology

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From Dutch rug.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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rug (plural rûe or rûens, diminutive ruggie)

  1. (plural chiefly rûe) back (rear of the body)
  2. (plural chiefly rûens) hill; ridge

Aromanian

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Etymology 1

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From Latin rubus. Compare Romanian rug.

Alternative forms

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Noun

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rug m (plural rudz)

  1. wild rose, raspberry bush, bramble bush
Synonyms
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Etymology 2

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Probably a semi-learned term or borrowing from Latin rogus, as with its Romanian cognate rug (or modeled after it). Less likely inherited.

Noun

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rug m (plural rudz)

  1. funeral pyre

Danish

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Danish Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia da

Etymology

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From Old Danish rugh, from Old Norse rugr, from Proto-Germanic *rugiz, from Proto-Indo-European *wrugʰyo-. Compare Norwegian Bokmål rug, Swedish råg, Icelandic rúgur, Dutch rogge, Low German Rogg, German Roggen, English rye.

Noun

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rug c (singular definite rugen, not used in plural form)

  1. rye (Secale cereale)

Verb

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rug

  1. imperative of ruge

Dutch

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Etymology

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From Middle Dutch rugge, from Old Dutch ruggi, from Proto-West Germanic *hrugi, from Proto-Germanic *hrugjaz.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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rug m (plural ruggen, diminutive ruggetje n or rugje n)

  1. back, backside
  2. (geology) ridge
  3. (Netherlands, historical) Short for rooie rug; a thousand-guilders banknote

Derived terms

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Descendants

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  • Afrikaans: rug
  • Jersey Dutch: rœx
  • Negerhollands: rugge, rigi, rege

Elfdalian

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Noun

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rug m

  1. rye (Secale cereale)

Inflection

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This noun needs an inflection-table template.

Faroese

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Noun

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rug

  1. accusative singular indefinite of rugur

Irish

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Etymology

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From Old Irish ·ruc, prototonic form of ro·ucc, perfect tense of beirid.

Pronunciation

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Verb

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rug

  1. analytic past indicative of beir

References

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  1. ^ Quiggin, E. C. (1906) A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, page 101

Manx

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Etymology

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From ro·uccai, suppletive augmented form of beirid. Compare Irish and Scottish Gaelic rugadh.

Verb

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rug (verbal noun ruggal, past participle ruggit)

  1. to bear (give birth to)

Synonyms

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Norwegian Bokmål

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Norwegian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia no
 
rug

Etymology

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From Old Norse rugr, from Proto-Germanic *rugiz, from Proto-Indo-European *wrugʰyo-. Compare Danish rug, Swedish råg, Icelandic rúgur, Dutch rogge, German Roggen, English rye.

Noun

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rug m (definite singular rugen)

  1. rye (the grass Secale cereale or its grains as food)

Derived terms

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References

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Norwegian Nynorsk

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Norwegian Nynorsk Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia nn

Etymology

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From Old Norse rugr, from Proto-Germanic *rugiz, from Proto-Indo-European *wrugʰyo-. Cognate with Faroese rugur, Icelandic rúgur, Swedish råg, Danish rug, Dutch rogge, German Roggen, and English rye.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /rʊː(ɡ)/, /rʉː(ɡ)/
  • (North Gudbrand Valley) IPA(key): [ruɡ]
  • Hyphenation: rùg

Noun

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rug m (definite singular rugen)

  1. rye (the grass Secale cereale or its grains as food)

Derived terms

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References

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Old English

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Adjective

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rūg

  1. Alternative form of rūh

Polish

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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Learned borrowing from Latin rūga.

Noun

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rug m inan

  1. (obsolete) crease, notch, wrinkle
    Synonyms: bruzda, fałda, karb, zmarszczka
Declension
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Declension of rug
singular plural
nominative rug rugi
genitive rugu rugów
dative rugowi rugom
accusative rug rugi
instrumental rugiem rugami
locative rugu rugach
vocative rugu rugi

Etymology 2

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Inherited from Old Polish rug.

Noun

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rug m inan (related adjective rugowy)

  1. (in the plural, historical) mass expulsions of foreign subjects
    Synonyms: ekspulsja, wydalanie
  2. (in the plural, historical) verifying the validity of parliamentary elections
    Hypernym: sprawdzanie
  3. (chiefly in the plural, historical) judicial inquiry, investigation
    Synonyms: dochodzenie, śledztwo
Declension
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Declension of rug
singular plural
nominative rug rugi
genitive rugu rugów
dative rugowi rugom
accusative rug rugi
instrumental rugiem rugami
locative rugu rugach
vocative rugu rugi
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nouns
verbs

Etymology 3

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See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Noun

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rug f

  1. genitive plural of ruga

Further reading

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Romagnol

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Pronunciation

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  • (Central Romagnol): IPA(key): [ˈɾuːɡ]

Noun

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rug m pl

  1. plural of rôg

References

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Masotti, Adelmo (1996) Vocabolario Romagnolo Italiano [Romagnol-Italian dictionary] (in Italian), Bologna: Zanichelli, page 514

Romanian

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Etymology 1

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From Latin rogus, probably borrowed in the 19th century or semi-learned. The linguists Candrea and Tiktin believed it to be inherited.

Noun

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rug n (plural ruguri)

  1. pyre
Declension
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Declension of rug
singular plural
indefinite articulation definite articulation indefinite articulation definite articulation
nominative/accusative (un) rug rugul (niște) ruguri rugurile
genitive/dative (unui) rug rugului (unor) ruguri rugurilor
vocative rugule rugurilor

Etymology 2

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Inherited from Latin rubus (“bramble, briar”), from Proto-Italic *wruðos, from Proto-Indo-European *wr̥dʰo- (“sweetbriar”). Compare Italian rovo, dialectal rogo. For the sound shift of Latin -b- to -g- in Romanian, compare neg, negură.

Noun

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rug m (plural rugi)

  1. bramble
  2. dog rose
  3. blackberry
Declension
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Declension of rug
singular plural
indefinite articulation definite articulation indefinite articulation definite articulation
nominative/accusative (un) rug rugul (niște) rugi rugii
genitive/dative (unui) rug rugului (unor) rugi rugilor
vocative rugule rugilor
Synonyms
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Derived terms
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References

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Scottish Gaelic

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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rug

  1. past of beir
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