[go: nahoru, domu]
Wiktionary

tak

See also: Tak, Täk, -tak, -ták, täk-, так, 탁, ta̍k, and TAK
Languages (31)
English
Afrikaans • Czech • Danish • Dutch • Faroese • Iban • Icelandic • Indonesian • Jingpho • Kashubian • Latvian • Lower Sorbian • Malay • Marshallese • Middle English • Norwegian Bokmål • Norwegian Nynorsk • Old Czech • Old Norse • Old Polish • Phalura • Polish • Scots • Serbo-Croatian • Silesian • Slovincian • Swedish • Turkish • Tyap • Volapük
Page categories

English

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Dialectal form of take.

Pronunciation

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Verb

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tak (third-person singular simple present taks, present participle takkin, simple past teuk, past participle takken)

  1. (Wearside, Durham) To take.

Anagrams

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Afrikaans

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Etymology

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From Dutch tak (“branch, twig, offshoot”), from Middle Dutch tac (“pointy object, forked object”), from Old Dutch *takko (“pointy object”).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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tak (plural takke)

  1. branch, twig, bough
  2. branch, offshoot

Czech

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Etymology

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Inherited from Old Czech tak from Proto-Slavic *tako.

Pronunciation

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Adverb

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tak

  1. so (very)
    Je tak dobrý! ― He is so good!
    Není to tak špatné. ― It’s not so bad.
  2. so (therefore)
    Chtěl knihu, tak si zašel do knihovny. ― He wanted a book, so he went to the library.
  3. so, in that way
    Tak to chodí ― That's the way it goes (lit. "so it goes")

Interjection

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tak

  1. so
    Tak jděme! ― So let's go!

Derived terms

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See also

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Further reading

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  • “tak”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
  • “tak”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
  • “tak”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)

Danish

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /tak/, /ˈtɑɡ/, [ˈtˢɑɡ̊], [ˈtsʰɑ̈k]

Etymology 1

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From Old Norse þǫkk, from Proto-Germanic *þankō, *þankaz, cognate with English thank, German Dank.

Noun

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tak c (singular definite takken, not used in plural form)

  1. thanks
Declension
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Declension of tak
common
gender 		Singular
indefinite definite
nominative tak takken
genitive taks takkens

Interjection

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tak

  1. thank you, thanks

Etymology 2

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Danish Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia da

From Middle Low German tacke, from Proto-Germanic *takkô (“prickle, spike, jag”), cognate with English tack, German Zacke.

Noun

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tak c (singular definite takken, plural indefinite takker)

  1. jag
  2. point
  3. cog
  4. tooth
  5. tine
Declension
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Declension of tak
common
gender 		Singular Plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative tak takken takker takkerne
genitive taks takkens takkers takkernes
Further reading
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Etymology 3

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See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

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tak

  1. imperative of takke

Dutch

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Etymology

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From Middle Dutch tac (“pointy object, forked object”), from Old Dutch *takko (“pointy object”), from Frankish *takkō, from Proto-Germanic *takkô. Unrelated to the prefix takke-, as in takkewijf.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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tak m (plural takken, diminutive takje n)

  1. branch, twig, bough
    Synonyms: telg, twijg
  2. branch, offshoot, division

Derived terms

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plant branches

Descendants

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  • Afrikaans: tak
  • Berbice Creole Dutch: taku
  • Negerhollands: tak, takje, takkie
  • → Aukan: taka

Anagrams

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Faroese

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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From Old Norse þak, from Proto-Germanic *þaką, from Proto-Indo-European *teg-.

Noun

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tak n (genitive singular taks, plural tøk)

  1. roof
Declension
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Declension of tak
n5 singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative tak takið tøk tøkini
accusative tak takið tøk tøkini
dative taki takinum tøkum tøkunum
genitive taks taksins taka takanna
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Etymology 2

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From Old Norse tak.

Noun

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tak n (genitive singular taks, plural tøk)

  1. grip, hold
  2. A huge effort, major effort, strenuous effort.
Declension
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Declension of tak
n5 singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative tak takið tøk tøkini
accusative tak takið tøk tøkini
dative taki takinum tøkum tøkunum
genitive taks taksins taka takanna
Derived terms
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Iban

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Pronunciation

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Conjunction

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tak

  1. but
    Kami mending, tak iya aja diasuh kami bejaku
    The rest of us heard, but only he is asked by us to speak.

Particle

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tak

  1. expressing the seriousness or strength of words, the most extreme or severe
    Tak manchal! Nadai ulih rara
    He is extremely mischievous! Cannot be deterred
  2. frighten or scare, but not done out of anger
    Tak singin ati aku ka muai iya ke lubuk.
    I really wanted to throw him into the pool.

Icelandic

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Etymology

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From Old Norse tak.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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tak n (genitive singular taks, nominative plural tök)

  1. grip, hold

Declension

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    Declension of tak
n-s singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative tak takið tök tökin
accusative tak takið tök tökin
dative taki takinu tökum tökunum
genitive taks taksins taka takanna

Indonesian

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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Cognate with tidak, from Malay tak, from Proto-Malayic *daʔ (compare Malay tak), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *diaq.

Adverb

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tak

  1. not (negates the meaning of the verb)
    Saya tak mau makan.
    I don't want to eat.
  2. not (to no degree)
    Buku itu tak mahal.
    That book is not expensive.
Alternative forms
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Synonyms
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Etymology 2

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Onomatopoeic

Noun

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tak (plural tak-tak, first-person possessive takku, second-person possessive takmu, third-person possessive taknya)

  1. imitation of the sound of a pitted shell

Etymology 3

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From Dutch takt, from Latin tāctus.

Noun

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tak (plural tak-tak, first-person possessive takku, second-person possessive takmu, third-person possessive taknya)

  1. (engineering) stroke, cycle, phase: a single movement or thrust of a part (such as a piston) of a machine that moves back and forth; also, the length of this movement.
    motor dua tak ― two-stroke engine
Synonyms
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Further reading

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Jingpho

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Burmese တွက် (twak).

Verb

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tak

  1. To guess.

References

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  • Kurabe, Keita (2016 December 31) “Phonology of Burmese loanwords in Jinghpaw”, in Kyoto University Linguistic Research‎[1], volume 35, →DOI, →ISSN, pages 91–128

Kashubian

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Inherited from Proto-Slavic *tako.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈtak/
  • Rhymes: -ak
  • Syllabification: tak

Particle

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tak

  1. yes
    Synonym: jo

Adverb

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tak (not comparable)

  1. thus, as such

Further reading

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  • Stefan Ramułt (1893) “tak”, in Słownik języka pomorskiego czyli kaszubskiego (in Kashubian), page 212
  • Eùgeniusz Gòłąbk (2011) “tak”, in Słownik Polsko-Kaszubski / Słowôrz Pòlskò-Kaszëbsczi‎[2]
  • “tak”, in Internetowi Słowôrz Kaszëbsczégò Jãzëka [Internet Dictionary of the Kashubian Language], Fundacja Kaszuby, 2022

Latvian

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Etymology

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(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

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  This entry needs an audio pronunciation. If you are a native speaker with a microphone, please record this word. The recorded pronunciation will appear here when it's ready.

Conjunction

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tak

  1. but, but also

Particle

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tak

  1. particle used to reinforce or emphasize a certain word or idea, usually by reducing doubts about it; but... (really), in fact, surely, just

Lower Sorbian

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Pronunciation

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Adverb

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tak

  1. so

Further reading

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  • Muka, Arnošt (1921, 1928) “tak”, in Słownik dolnoserbskeje rěcy a jeje narěcow (in German), St. Petersburg, Prague: ОРЯС РАН, ČAVU; Reprinted Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag, 2008
  • Starosta, Manfred (1999) “tak”, in Dolnoserbsko-nimski słownik / Niedersorbisch-deutsches Wörterbuch (in German), Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag

Malay

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Cognate with tidak, dak, from Proto-Malayic *daʔ (compare Indonesian tidak), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *diaq.

Pronunciation

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Adverb

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tak (Jawi spelling تق)

  1. (informal) not (negates the meaning of the verb)
    Saya tak mahu makan. ― I don't want to eat.
  2. (informal) not (to no degree)
    Buku itu tak mahal. ― That book is not expensive.

Marshallese

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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Noun

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tak

  1. needlefish

Etymology 2

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Alternative forms

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Derived terms

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Enclitic

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tak

  1. (Ratak) eastward

References

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Middle English

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Etymology 1

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From Old Northern French taque, ultimately of Germanic origin, probably from Frankish *takkō, from Proto-Germanic *takkô (“spike, thorn, prickle”).

Noun

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tak (plural takes)

  1. clasp
  2. nail
  3. A protective metal plate used on a cart to prevent wear.
  4. (nautical) tack (a rope used to hold the foremost corner of the sail in place)
  5. stability, endurance, steadfastness
Alternative forms
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Derived terms
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Descendants
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References

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Etymology 2

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From Old Norse taka (“revenue”) (from the verb taka (“to take”)) and from Middle English taken (“to take”), itself from Old Norse.

Noun

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tak (uncountable)

  2. tack (a fee paid to a lord or king for the right to keep swine)
Alternative forms
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Derived terms
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Descendants
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References

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Etymology 3

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Verb

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tak (third-person singular simple present takketh, present participle takkende, takkynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle takked)

  1. Alternative form of takken

Etymology 4

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Noun

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tak (plural takes)

  1. Alternative form of tach

Etymology 5

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Verb

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tak (third-person singular simple present taketh, present participle takinge, first-/third-person singular past indicative toke, past participle taken)

  1. Alternative form of taken

Verb

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tak

  1. Alternative form of take: imperative of taken
  2. Alternative form of taken: past participle of taken

Norwegian Bokmål

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Etymology 1

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From Old Norse þak, from Proto-Germanic *þaką, from Proto-Indo-European *teg-. Cognate with Old English þæc (“roof, thack, thatch”).

Noun

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tak n (definite singular taket, indefinite plural tak, definite plural taka or takene)

  1. roof
  2. ceiling
Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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From Old Norse tak.

Noun

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tak n (definite singular taket, indefinite plural tak, definite plural taka or takene)

  1. grip
Derived terms
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References

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Norwegian Nynorsk

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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From Old Norse þak, from Proto-Germanic *þaką, from Proto-Indo-European *teg-. Cognate with Old English þæc (“roof, thack, thatch”).

Noun

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tak n (definite singular taket, indefinite plural tak, definite plural taka)

  1. roof
  2. ceiling
Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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From Old Norse tak.

Noun

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tak n (definite singular taket, indefinite plural tak, definite plural taka)

  1. grip
Derived terms
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Etymology 3

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Verb

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tak

  1. imperative of taka

References

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Old Czech

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Etymology

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Inherited from Proto-Slavic *tako.

Pronunciation

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Adverb

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tak

  1. thus, as such, so

Descendants

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References

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Old Norse

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Etymology

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Derived from the verb taka (“to take, grab”).

Noun

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tak n (genitive taks, plural tǫk)

  1. grip, hold
  2. (wrestling) hold

Declension

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  Declension of tak (strong a-stem)
neuter singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative tak takit tǫk tǫkin
accusative tak takit tǫk tǫkin
dative taki takinu tǫkum tǫkunum
genitive taks taksins taka takanna

Derived terms

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  • taka f (“taking, capture; seizure, tax; revenue”)

Descendants

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  • Icelandic: tak
  • Faroese: tak
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: tak
  • Norwegian Bokmål: tak
  • Old Swedish: tak
  • Danish: tag

References

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  • “tak”, in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press

Old Polish

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Etymology

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Inherited from Proto-Slavic *tako. First attested in the 15th century.

Pronunciation

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Adverb

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tak

  1. so, in this way
  2. so, to such a degree

Conjunction

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tak

  1. (in conjunction with jako) as well as, both, and
  2. so; therefore, thus
  3. (in conjunction with że) but, however
  4. in order to
  5. (in conjunction with acz) only if

Descendants

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References

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  • B. Sieradzka-Baziur, Ewa Deptuchowa, Joanna Duska, Mariusz Frodyma, Beata Hejmo, Dorota Janeczko, Katarzyna Jasińska, Krystyna Kajtoch, Joanna Kozioł, Marian Kucała, Dorota Mika, Gabriela Niemiec, Urszula Poprawska, Elżbieta Supranowicz, Ludwika Szelachowska-Winiarzowa, Zofia Wanicowa, Piotr Szpor, Bartłomiej Borek, editors (2011–2015), “tak”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN

Phalura

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Etymology

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(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

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Adverb

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tak (Perso-Arabic spelling تک)

  1. A co-lexicalized intensifier.

References

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  • Henrik Liljegren, Naseem Haider (2011) “tak”, in Palula Vocabulary (FLI Language and Culture Series; 7)‎[3], Islamabad, Pakistan: Forum for Language Initiatives, →ISBN

Polish

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Polish phrasebook
 This entry is part of the phrasebook project, which presents criteria for inclusion based on utility, simplicity and commonness.

Etymology

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Inherited from Old Polish tak. The “yes” sense is an ellipsis of tak jest; compare Italian sì.

Pronunciation

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Adverb

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tak (not comparable)

  1. like this; so (in this way)
    Ona mi tak powiedziała. ― She told me so.
    Ja to robię tak. ― I do it like this.
  2. so (used for emphasis)
    Było tak ciemno, że nic nie widziałem. ― It was so dark that I couldn't see anything.
    Tak bardzo cię kocham! ― I love you so much!

Derived terms

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Interjection

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tak

  1. yes
    Synonyms: ano, no
    Antonym: nie
    Zrobiłeś to? - Tak. ― Did you do that? - Yes, (I did).
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interjections

Particle

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tak

  1. certainly, yes, of course
    Synonyms: owszem, dokładnie, racja, naturalnie, oczywiście, rzeczywiście, w rzeczy samej
    Antonym: nie

Trivia

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According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), tak is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 273 times in scientific texts, 90 times in news, 217 times in essays, 431 times in fiction, and 892 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 1903 times, making it the 21st most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.[1]

References

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  1. ^ Ida Kurcz (1990) “tak”, in Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej [Frequency dictionary of the Polish language] (in Polish), Kraków, Warszawa: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Języka Polskiego

Further reading

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  • tak in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • tak in Polish dictionaries at PWN
  • “TAK”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 30.03.2020
  • “TAK”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 2008 September 5
  • Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) “tak”, in Słownik języka polskiego
  • Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “tak”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861
  • J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1927), “tak”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 8, Warsaw, page 7

Anagrams

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akt, kat, tka

Scots

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Etymology 1

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From Middle Scots tak, tacke, from Early Scots tak, from Middle English taken (“to take”),[1] from Old English tacan (“to grasp, touch”), a borrowing from Old Norse taka (“to touch, take”), ultimately from Proto-Germanic *tēkaną (“to touch”). Tak gradually displaced the native Middle English nimen (“to take”). Cognates include English take and Norn taka. The noun is partly from the verb and partly from Old Norse tak (“grip”) and/or taka (“taking, seizure”), via Middle English tak, take.

Alternative forms

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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tak (third-person singular simple present taks, present participle takkin or taein, simple past teuk, past participle taen or takken)

  1. (transitive) To take.
  2. (transitive) To trip.
  3. (transitive) To affect.
  4. (transitive) To marry.
  5. (transitive) To understand, apprehend, take.
Derived terms
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Noun

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tak (plural taks)

  1. capture, catch
  2. captive
    1. (fishing) catch, haul
  3. grip

Etymology 2

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See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Noun

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tak (plural taks)

  1. Alternative spelling of tack

References

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  1. ^ “tak, n., v..” in the Dictionary of the Scots Language, Edinburgh: Scottish Language Dictionaries.

Serbo-Croatian

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Etymology 1

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Borrowed from French taquet.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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tȃk m (Cyrillic spelling та̑к)

  1. billiard-cue
Declension
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Declension of tak
singular plural
nominative tȃk tákovi
genitive taka takova
dative taku takovima
accusative tak takove
vocative tače takovi
locative taku takovima
instrumental takom takovima

Etymology 2

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Borrowed from Italian tacco.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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tȁk m (Cyrillic spelling та̏к)

  2. (regional) shoe heel
Declension
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Declension of tak
singular plural
nominative tȁk tàkovi/tȁci
genitive taka tȁkā
dative taku takovima
accusative tak takove
vocative tače takovi / taci
locative taku takovima
instrumental takom takovima

Etymology 3

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Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish طاق (tak), from Persian طاق (tâq).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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tȁk m (Cyrillic spelling та̏к)

  2. (regional) arc, arch, vault (of a building)
Declension
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Declension of tak
singular plural
nominative tȁk tàkovi/tȁci
genitive taka tȁkā
dative taku takovima
accusative tak takove
vocative tače takovi / taci
locative taku takovima
instrumental takom takovima

References

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  • “tak”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2024
  • “tak”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2024

Silesian

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Etymology

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Inherited from Old Polish tak.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈtak/
  • Rhymes: -ak
  • Syllabification: tak

Adverb

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tak

  1. like this; so (in this way)
  2. so (used for emphasis)

Interjection

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tak

  1. used to start a new topic so

Particle

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tak

  1. about, ish, more or less

Further reading

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  • tak in silling.org

Slovincian

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈtak/
  • Rhymes: -ak
  • Syllabification: tak

Etymology 1

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Inherited from Proto-Slavic *tako.

Adverb

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tak (not comparable)

  1. thus, as such

Etymology 2

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Borrowed from German Takt.

Noun

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tak m inan

  1. tact (keen perception or discernment)

Further reading

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Swedish

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Swedish Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia sv
 
ett tak (yttertak) (sense 1)
 
ett tak (innertak) (sense 2)

Etymology

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From Old Swedish þak, from Old Norse þak, from Proto-Germanic *þaką, from Proto-Indo-European *teg-.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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tak n

  2. a roof
    Synonym: yttertak
    klättra upp på taket
    climb up on the roof
  4. a ceiling
    Synonym: innertak
    ett målat tak
    a painted ceiling

Usage notes

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Yttertak and innertak are mostly used in the rare cases where it isn't clear from context whether tak would refer to a roof or a ceiling .

Declension

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Declension of tak
nominative genitive
singular indefinite tak taks
definite taket takets
plural indefinite tak taks
definite taken takens

Derived terms

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References

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Anagrams

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Turkish

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Etymology 1

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From Ottoman Turkish طاق (tak), from Arabic طَاق (ṭāq), possibly from Middle Persian *tāk, a variant of tʾg (/⁠tāg⁠/, “arch”) (compare modern Persian طاق (tâq, “arch”)). Doublet of taç (“crown; belt”).

Noun

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tak

  1. arch
Declension
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Inflection
Nominative tak
Definite accusative takı
Singular Plural
Nominative tak taklar
Definite accusative takı takları
Dative taka taklara
Locative takta taklarda
Ablative taktan taklardan
Genitive takın takların
Possessive forms
Nominative
Singular Plural
1st singular takım taklarım
2nd singular takın takların
3rd singular takı takları
1st plural takımız taklarımız
2nd plural takınız taklarınız
3rd plural takları takları
Definite accusative
Singular Plural
1st singular takımı taklarımı
2nd singular takını taklarını
3rd singular takını taklarını
1st plural takımızı taklarımızı
2nd plural takınızı taklarınızı
3rd plural taklarını taklarını
Dative
Singular Plural
1st singular takıma taklarıma
2nd singular takına taklarına
3rd singular takına taklarına
1st plural takımıza taklarımıza
2nd plural takınıza taklarınıza
3rd plural taklarına taklarına
Locative
Singular Plural
1st singular takımda taklarımda
2nd singular takında taklarında
3rd singular takında taklarında
1st plural takımızda taklarımızda
2nd plural takınızda taklarınızda
3rd plural taklarında taklarında
Ablative
Singular Plural
1st singular takımdan taklarımdan
2nd singular takından taklarından
3rd singular takından taklarından
1st plural takımızdan taklarımızdan
2nd plural takınızdan taklarınızdan
3rd plural taklarından taklarından
Genitive
Singular Plural
1st singular takımın taklarımın
2nd singular takının taklarının
3rd singular takının taklarının
1st plural takımızın taklarımızın
2nd plural takınızın taklarınızın
3rd plural taklarının taklarının
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References

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Etymology 2

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Verb

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tak

  1. second-person singular imperative of takmak

Tyap

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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tak

  1. leg

Verb

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tak

  1. to arrange.
  2. to tell, inform

Volapük

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Etymology

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From Latin taceō (“I am quiet, rest”).

Noun

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tak (nominative plural taks)

  1. rest, tranquility

Declension

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declension of tak
singular plural
nominative tak taks
genitive taka takas
dative take takes
accusative taki takis
vocative 1 o tak! o taks!
predicative 2 taku takus
  • 1 status as a case is disputed
  • 2 in later, non-classical Volapük only
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