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Wiktionary

um-

See also: Appendix:Variations of "um"

English

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Middle English um-, umbe-, embe-, from Old English ymb-, ymbe- (“around”), from Proto-West Germanic *umbi-, from Proto-Germanic *umbi (“around, about, by, near”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂m̥bʰi (“round about, around”). Cognate with Dutch om- (“around”), German um- (“around”), Latin amb- (“around, about”), Latin ambi- (“both”), Ancient Greek ἀμφί (amphí, “around, about”), Sanskrit अभि (abhi, “against, about”). More at umbe.

Prefix

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um-

  1. (rare, usually no longer productive, primarily in dialects, chiefly Scotland) Prefix meaning around, about.

Derived terms

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English terms prefixed with um-

Anagrams

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Faroese

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Etymology

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From the preposition um.

Prefix

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um-

  1. over, about, around

Derived terms

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Faroese terms prefixed with um-

German

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Etymology

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From Middle High German um-, umb-, umme-, umbe-, from Old High German umbi- (“around”), from Proto-West Germanic *umbi-, from Proto-Germanic *umbi- (“around”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂m̥bʰi (“by, near, around”). Cognate with English um-, Dutch om-, Swedish om-, Icelandic um-.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ʊm/, [ʔʊm]
  • Audio:(file)

Prefix

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um- (separable or inseparable)

  1. round, round about
  2. repeatedly, over again, re-
  3. in another way
  4. to the ground, down, over

Usage notes

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When this prefix is separable, the stress falls on the prefix: ˈumbiegen, ˈumbilden, ˈumdeuten, ˈumbenennen. When inseparable, the stress falls on the root: umˈflattern, umˈfluten, umˈgaukeln, umˈmauern, umˈgeben. The prefix is only unstressed/inseparable when referring to the first meaning. Sometimes this creates contrasting words with opposite meaning, only distinguished in stress and therefore undistinguishable in writing, e.g. umˈfahren (“drive around something”), ˈumfahren (“drive something over”).

Derived terms

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German terms prefixed with um-

Northern Ndebele

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Etymology 1

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Prefix

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um-

  1. Class 1 noun prefix; form of umu- used before stems of more than one syllable.

Etymology 2

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Prefix

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um-

  1. Class 3 noun prefix; form of umu- used before stems of more than one syllable.

Southern Ndebele

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Etymology 1

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Prefix

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um-

  1. Class 1 noun prefix; form of umu- used before stems of more than one syllable.

Etymology 2

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Prefix

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um-

  1. Class 3 noun prefix; form of umu- used before stems of more than one syllable.

Swazi

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Etymology 1

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Prefix

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um-

  1. Class 1 noun prefix; form of umu- used before stems of more than one syllable.

Etymology 2

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Prefix

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um-

  1. Class 3 noun prefix; form of umu- used before stems of more than one syllable.

Tagalog

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Etymology

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See -um-.

Pronunciation

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Prefix

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um- (Baybayin spelling ᜂᜋ᜔)

  1. prefix form of -um- for verbs starting with a vowel
    Umulan kanina.
    It rained a while ago.
    Umalis na ako.
    I already left.

See also

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Tagalog terms prefixed with um-

Xhosa

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Etymology 1

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From Proto-Bantu *jʊ̀-mʊ̀-.

Prefix

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um-

  1. Class 1 noun prefix.

Etymology 2

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From Proto-Bantu *gʊ́-mʊ̀-.

Prefix

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um-

  1. Class 3 noun prefix.

Zulu

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Etymology 1

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Prefix

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úm-

  1. Class 1 noun prefix; form of umu- used before stems of more than one syllable.

Etymology 2

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Prefix

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úm-

  1. Class 3 noun prefix; form of umu- used before stems of more than one syllable.

References

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