Bandaki
 Gidan wanka | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Bayanai | |
| Ƙaramin ɓangare na | daki |
| Amfani | Tsafta |
Banɗaki shine ɗaki da mutane ke wanke jikinsu ko sassan jikinsu. Yana iya ƙunsar ɗaya ko fiye daga cikin kayan aikin famfo masu zuwa: wanka, wanka, bidet, da sink (wanda aka fi sani da wanka a Burtaniya). Haɗakar da bayan gida ya zama ruwan dare. Har ila yau, akwai takamaiman ɗakunan wanka, waɗanda ke ƙunshe da bayan gida (yawanci sau da yawa tare da sink), wanda a cikin Turanci na Arewacin Amurka ana kiransu "bathrooms", "powder rooms" ko "washrooms", a matsayin euphemisms don ɓoye ainihin manufar su, yayin da su a cikin Turanci da Irish an san su kawai "bathroums" ko kuma yiwuwar "cloakrooms" - amma kuma a matsayin "washroums" lokacin da suke na jama'a.[1]
GoodA tarihi, wanka sau da yawa aiki ne na hadin gwiwa, wanda ke faruwa a cikin wanka na jama'a. A wasu ƙasashe, al'amarin zamantakewa na tsaftace jiki har yanzu yana da mahimmanci, misali tare da Sento a Japan kuma, a duk faɗin duniyar Islama, hammam (wanda aka fi sani da shi a Yamma a matsayin "wanka na Turkiyya").
Bambance-bambance da ƙamus
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Kalmar wurin da aka yi amfani da shi don tsaftace jiki ya bambanta a duk faɗin Duniya mai magana da Ingilishi, kamar yadda ƙirar dakin kanta ta yi. cikakken gidan wanka gabaɗaya yana ƙunshe da wanka ko wanka (ko duka biyun), bayan gida, da sink. An haɗa gidan wanka na en suite ko ɗakin wanka na suite, kuma ana iya isa kawai daga, ɗakin kwana. Gidan wanka na iyali, a cikin ma'anar wakilin mallakar Burtaniya, cikakken gidan wanka ne wanda ba a haɗa shi da ɗaki ba, amma tare da ƙofar ta buɗe a kan gangaren. Gidan wanka na Jack da Jill (ko Gidan wanka da aka haɗa) yana tsakanin kuma yawanci mazaunan dakuna biyu daban-daban ne ke raba shi. Hakanan yana iya samun wanka biyu. Gidan da ke da Ruwa shine ɗakin da ke hana ruwa yawanci ana sanye shi da wanka; an tsara shi don kawar da lalacewar danshi kuma ya dace da tsarin dumama na ƙasa.
A Amurka, akwai rashin ma'anar guda ɗaya. Wannan yawanci yana haifar da bambance-bambance tsakanin tallace-tallace da ainihin adadin wanka a cikin jerin kadarorin. Ana rarraba ɗakunan wanka gabaɗaya a matsayin "babban gidan wanka", wanda ke ƙunshe da wanka da wanka wanda ke kusa da ɗaki mafi girma; "cikakken gidan wanka" (ko "cikakkiyar wanka"), wanda ke ƙushe da kayan aikin famfo guda huɗu: wanka da sink, kuma ko dai wanka tare da wanka, ko wanka da kuma wanka daban; "rabin wanka" wanda ke ƙunsa da wanka; da wanka kawai; da kuma "3/4 wanka" da wanka yana ƙunshewa, sink, da wanka ya bambanta daga kasuwa zuwa kasuwa. A wasu kasuwannin Amurka, ana ɗaukar bayan gida, sink, da wanka "cikakken wanka". Bugu da ƙari, ana amfani da kalmar "wanka" don bayyana ɗakin da ke dauke da bayan gida da kwano, kuma babu wani abu.
A Kanada, "bathroom" shine kalmar da aka fi so ga irin wannan dakin, yayin da "washroom" ke nufin wuraren jama'a.
Abubuwan da aka tsara
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Gidan wanka sau da yawa yana da sanduna ɗaya ko fiye ko zobba don rataye tawul.
Kayan gida
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Wasu dakunan wanka suna dauke da akwatin wanka don kayayyakin tsabtace mutum da magunguna, da kuma ɗakunan ajiya ko ɗakunan ajiyar (wani lokacin a cikin nau'in shafi) don adana tawul da sauran abubuwa.
Wasu dakunan wanka suna dauke da bidet, wanda za'a iya sanya shi kusa da bayan gida.
Tsarin gidan wanka dole ne ya yi la'akari da amfani da ruwan zafi da sanyi, a cikin adadi mai yawa, don tsaftace jiki. Ana kuma amfani da ruwa don motsa sharar mutum mai ƙarfi da ruwa zuwa rami ko tanki mai tsabta. Ana iya zubar da ruwa a bangon da ƙasa, kuma iska mai zafi na iya haifar da kwantar da hankali a kan wurare masu sanyi. Daga ra'ayi na ado, gidan wanka yana gabatar da ƙalubale. Rufin, bango, da kayan ƙasa da murfin ya kamata su kasance marasa ruwa kuma a tsabtace su cikin sauƙi. Amfani da yumbu ko gilashi, da kuma kayan filastik masu santsi, ya zama ruwan dare a cikin gidan wanka don sauƙin tsaftacewa. Irin waɗannan farfajiyar sau da yawa suna da sanyi ga taɓawa, duk da haka, don haka ana iya amfani da matsunan wanka masu tsayayya da ruwa ko ma kafet na wanka a ƙasa don yin ɗakin da ya fi jin daɗi. A madadin haka, ana iya dumama bene, watakila ta hanyar sanya matsakaicin lantarki a ƙarƙashin teburin ƙasa ko bututun ruwa mai zafi kusa da ƙasa.
Kayan lantarki, kamar fitilu, masu dumama, da rails masu dumama na tawul, galibi ana buƙatar shigar da su azaman kayan aiki, tare da haɗin dindindin maimakon matattarar ruwa da sockets. Wannan yana rage haɗarin girgizar lantarki. Sockets na lantarki na ƙasa na ƙasa na iya rage haɗarin girgizar lantarki, kuma ana buƙatar su don shigar da socket na gidan wanka ta hanyar lantarki da tsarin gini a Amurka da Kanada. A wasu ƙasashe, kamar United Kingdom, kawai sockets na musamman da suka dace da shavers na lantarki da kuma goge hakora na lantarki ana ba da izini a cikin gidan wanka kuma ana lakafta su kamar haka.
Dokokin gine-gine na Burtaniya suma suna bayyana irin kayan aikin lantarki, kamar kayan haske (watau yadda za'a iya shigar da ruwa / splash-proof) a yankuna (zones) a kusa da sama da wanka, da ruwan sama.
Hasken gidan wanka ya kamata ya zama daidai, kuma yana da haske kuma dole ne ya rage haske. Ga duk ayyukan kamar aske, wanka, gyare-gyare, da dai sauransu dole ne mutum ya tabbatar da hasken adalci a duk fadin gidan wanka. Yankin madubi ya kamata ya sami akalla tushen haske guda biyu akalla ƙafa 1 a gefe don kawar da duk wani inuwa a fuska. Sautin fata da launin gashi suna nunawa tare da launin rawaya. Rufin da fitilun bango dole ne su kasance lafiya don amfani a cikin gidan wanka (bangarorin lantarki suna buƙatar zama masu tsayayya) sabili da haka dole ne su ɗauki takardar shaidar da ta dace kamar IP44.
Dukkanin nau'ikan hasken gidan wanka ya kamata a kimanta su IP44 a matsayin masu aminci don amfani a cikin gidan wanka.[2]
Tarihi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Rubuce-rubucen farko don amfani da wanka sun samo asali ne daga 3000 BC. A wannan lokacin ruwa yana da ƙimar addini mai ƙarfi, ana ganinsa a matsayin mai tsarkakewa ga jiki da rai. Don haka ba sabon abu ba ne a buƙaci mutane su wanke kansu kafin su shiga wuri mai tsarki. Ana yin rikodin wanka a matsayin wani ɓangare na rayuwar ƙauye ko gari a duk wannan lokacin, tare da rabuwa tsakanin wanka na tururi a Turai da Amurka da wanka mai sanyi a Asiya. An gina wanka na jama'a a wani yanki daban-daban daga wuraren zama na ƙauyen.
Nearly all of the hundreds of houses excavated had their bathing rooms. Generally located on the ground floor, the bath was made of brick, sometimes with a surrounding curb to sit on. The water drained away through a hole in the floor, down chutes or pottery pipes in the walls, and into the municipal drainage system. Even the fastidious Egyptians rarely had special bathrooms.[3]
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Gidan wanka a Belgium
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Gidan wanka a farkon karni a 20 a Gidan Tarihi na Beamish, kusa daDurham, Ingila
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Hoton gidan wanka daga 1903
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Gidan wanka a ƙauyen Olympic naWasannin Olympics a cikin matasa a hunturu a cikin 2020
Halin Roman game da wanka an rubuta shi sosai; sun gina manyan wanka masu zafi (thermae), suna nuna ba kawai ci gaban zamantakewa ba, har ma da samar da tushen jama'a na shakatawa da sake farfadowa. A nan ne wurin da mutane za su iya haɗuwa don tattauna batutuwan yau da kullun da jin daɗin nishaɗi. A wannan lokacin akwai bambanci tsakanin wanka masu zaman kansu da na jama'a, tare da iyalai masu arziki da yawa suna da wanka mai zafi a cikin gidajensu. Duk da haka har yanzu suna amfani da wanka na jama'a, suna nuna darajar da suke da ita a matsayin ma'aikatar jama'a. Ƙarfin Daular Romawa yana faɗar wannan batun; shigo da kayayyaki daga ko'ina cikin duniya ya ba da damar 'yan ƙasar Romawa su ji daɗin shafawa, turare, combs, da madubai. Har yanzu ana iya ganin rushewar da aka sake ginawa a yau, misali a Roman Baths (Bath) a Bath, Ingila, sannan wani ɓangare na Roman Britain.
Ba duk wuraren wanka na dā ba ne a cikin salon manyan tafkuna waɗanda galibi suna zuwa zuciya lokacin da mutum ya yi tunanin wanka na Romawa; wanka na farko da ya tsira ya samo asali ne daga 1700 BC kuma ya fito ne daga Fadar Knossos a tsibirin Krita. Abin da ke da ban mamaki game da wannan tub ɗin ba kawai kamanceceniya da wanka na yau ba har ma da yadda aikin famfo da ke kewaye da shi ya bambanta da ƙananan samfuran zamani. Za a sami tsarin wanka da famfo mai ci gaba a garin Akrotiri, a tsibirin Aegean na Santorini (Thera). A can, an sami tubes na alabaster da sauran kayan wanka, tare da tsarin famfo na biyu don jigilar ruwan zafi da sanyi daban. Wannan mai yiwuwa ne saboda sauƙin samun dama ga maɓuɓɓugar zafi a kan wannan tsibirin dutsen wuta.
A cikin ƙarni na 16, 17, da 18, amfani da wanka na jama'a ya ragu a hankali a Yamma, kuma an sami fifiko ga wuraren zaman kansu, don haka ya kafa tushe ga gidan wanka, kamar yadda zai zama, a cikin karni na 20. Koyaya, karuwar birane ya haifar da ƙirƙirar ƙarin wanka da wanka a Burtaniya.
A Japan raba wanka a Sento da onsen (spas) har yanzu suna nan, ƙarshen yana da mashahuri sosai.
Masanin tarihin al'adu Barbara Penner ya rubuta game da yanayin da ba a fahimta ba na ɗakunan wanka a matsayin mafi kyawun sarari kuma wanda ya fi dacewa da duniya ta waje.
- Wurin wanka mai sauƙi
- Folding allo
- Furi - gidan wanka na Japan
- Wurin wanka
manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ "bathroom". Marriam-Webster). Retrieved 2024-05-10.
- ↑ "Lighting research center - Bathroom lighting". Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute. Archived from the original on 2011-09-07. Retrieved 2011-07-10.
- ↑ Teresi, Dick; et al. (2002). Lost Discoveries: The Ancient Roots of Modern Science—from the Babylonians to the Maya. New York: Simon & Schuster. pp. 351–352. ISBN 0-684-83718-8.