Colias
Classis : Insecta
Ordo : Lepidoptera
Familia : Pieridae
Tribus : Coliadini
Genus : Colias
Fabricius, 1807
Ordo : Lepidoptera
Familia : Pieridae
Tribus : Coliadini
Genus : Colias
Fabricius, 1807
Synonyma
*Eurymus Horsfield, [1829]
- Ganura Zetterstedt, [1839]
- Scalidoneura Butler, 1871
- Eriocolias Watson, 1895
- Coliastes Hemming, 1931
- Protocolias Petersen, 1963
- Mesocolias Petersen, 1963
- Neocolias Berger, 1986
- Palaeocolias Berger, 1986
- Eucolias Berger, 1986
- Similicolias Berger, 1986
- Paracolias Berger, 1986
Species typica
Colias est genus papilionum subfamiliae Coliadinarum familiae Pieridarum, in America endemicus. Genus artissime cognatum est Zerene,[2] quod aliquando in Coliadem digeritur. Hoc genus per Oecozonam Holarcticam invenitur, inter quam regiones arcticae. Singuli etiam in Africa, Sinis, et India habitant.
Larvae quibusdam Fabaceis, exempli gratia Viciis, vescuntur. Aliae species hominibus sunt utiles quia herbas inutiles destruunt; aliae aliquando sunt molestae quia Medicaginis sativae et aliarum frugum pestes fiunt. In nonnullis speciebus, alis marum est clarissima repercutio lucis ultraviolet?, cum alis feminarum non est.[3][2]
Plurimae huius generis species, ut in plurimis Coliadinis, venena vel alias compositas noxias ex plantis acceptas intra eorum corpora non habent. Eae ergo sunt gratiosa insectivororum praeda, contra species generis Pieridis subfamiliae cognatae Pierinarum, quibus sunt agiliores et praedatores melius defugere possunt.[4]
Notabiles lepidopterologistae qui multas huius generis investigationes facerunt sunt J. Malcolm Fawcett, Georgius B. Johnson, et Henricus Rowland-Brown.
Species
Generi sunt nonaginta-duae species, ordine alphabetico hic perscriptae.[5]
- Colias adelaidae Verhulst, 1991
- Colias aegidii Verhulst, 1990
- Colias aias Fruhstorfer, 1903
- Colias alexandra W. H. Edwards, 1863
- Colias alfacariensis Ribbe, 1905
- Colias alpherakii Staudinger, 1882
- Colias alta Staudinger, 1886
- Colias aquilonaris Grum-Grshimailo, 1899
- Colias arida Alphéraky, 1889
- Colias audre (Hemming, 1933)
- Colias aurorina Herrich-Schäffer, 1850
- Colias baeckeri Kotzsch, 1930
- Colias balcanica Rebel, 1901
- Colias behrii W. H. Edwards, 1866
- Colias berylla Fawcett, 1904
- Colias boothi Curtis, 1835
- Colias canadensis Ferris, 1982
- Colias caucasica Staudinger, 1871
- Colias chippewa W. H. Edwards, 1872
- Colias chlorocoma Christoph, 1888
- Colias christina W. H. Edwards, 1863
- Colias christophi Grum-Grshimailo, 1885
- Colias chrysotheme (Esper, 1781)
- Colias cocandica Erschoff, 1874
- Colias croceus (Geoffroy, 1785)
- Colias dimera Doubleday, 1847
- Colias diva Grum-Grshimailo, 1891
- Colias dubia Fawcett, 1906
- Colias electo (Linnaeus, 1763)
- Colias elis Strecker, 1885 (saepe C. meadii)
- Colias eogene C. & R. Felder, 1865
- Colias erate (Esper, 1805)
- Colias erschoffi Alphéraky, 1881
- Colias eurytheme Boisduval, 1852
- Colias euxanthe C. & R. Felder, 1865
- Colias felderi Grum-Grshimailo, 1891
- Colias fieldii Ménétriés, 1855 (aliquando in C. electo "fieldi" est lapsus)
- Colias flaveola Blanchard, 1852
- Colias gigantea Strecker, 1900
- Colias grumi Alpheraky
- Colias harfordii W. H. Edwards, 1877
- Colias hecla Lefèbvre, 1836 (paraphyletic?)
- Colias heos (Herbst, 1792)
- Colias hofmannorum Eckweiler, 2000
- Colias hyale (Linnaeus, 1758)
- Colias hyperborea Grum-Grshimailo, 1899
- Colias interior Scudder, 1862
- Colias johanseni Troubridge & Philip, 1990
- Colias krauthii Klots, 1935
- Colias lada Grum-Grshimailo, 1891
- Colias ladakensis Felder & Felder, 1865
- Colias leechi Grum-Grshimailio, 1893
- Colias lesbia (Fabricius, 1775)
- Colias libanotica Lederer, 1858 (aliquando in C. aurorina)
- Colias marcopolo Grum-Grshimailo, 1888
- Colias marnoana Rogenhofer, 1884
- Colias meadii W. H. Edwards, 1871
- Colias minisni Bean, 1895
- Colias montium Oberthür, 1886
- Colias mukana Berger, 1981
- Colias myrmidone (Esper, 1781)
- Colias nastes Boisduval, 1834
- Colias nebulosa Oberthür, 1894
- Colias nilagiriensis Felder, C & R Felder, 1859
- Colias nina Fawcett, 1904
- Colias occidentalis Scudder, 1862
- Colias palaeno (Linnaeus, 1761)
- Colias pelidne Boisduval & Le Conte, 1829
- Colias phicomone (Esper, 1780)
- Colias philodice Godart, 1819
- Colias poliographus Motschulsky, 1861
- Colias ponteni Wallengren, 1860
- Colias pseudochristina Ferris, 1989
- Colias regia Grum-Grshimailo, 1887
- Colias romanovi Grum-Grshimailo, 1885
- Colias sagartia Lederer, 1869
- Colias sareptensis Staudinger, 1871
- Colias scudderii Reakirt, 1865
- Colias shahfuladi Clench & Shoumatoff, 1956
- Colias sieversi Grum-Grshimailo, 1887
- Colias sifanica Grum-Grshimailo, 1891
- Colias staudingeri Alphéraky, 1881
- Colias stoliczkana Moore, 1882
- Colias tamerlana Staudinger, 1897
- Colias thisoa Ménétriés, 1832
- Colias thrasibulus Fruhstorfer, 1908
- Colias thula Hovanitz, 1955
- Colias tibetana Riley, 1922
- Colias tyche (Böber, 1812)
- Colias viluiensis (Ménétriés, 1859)
- Colias wanda Grum-Grshimaïlo, 1907
- Colias wiskotti Staudinger, 1882
Pinacotheca
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Colias christophi, ♂
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Colias croceus, ♂ f.helice
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Colias philodice ♀ f.alba
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Colias phicomone, ♀
Notae
- ↑ Iosephus Grieshuber et Gerardus Lamas (2007), A synonymic list of the genus Colias Fabricius, 1807 (Lepidoptera: Pieridae), Mitteilungen der Münchner Entomologischen Gesellschaft 97:131–171.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Andrew V. Z. Brower (2006) Coliadinae, Tree of Life Web Project, 16 Novembris.
- ↑ M. L. Lim et D. Li (2005), Extreme ultraviolet sexual dimorphism in jumping spiders (Araneae: Salticidae), Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 89(3):397–406, DOI 10.1111/j.1095-8312.2006.00704.x.
- ↑ Robert B. Srygley et Joel G. Kingsolver (1998) Red-wing blackbird reproductive behaviour and the palatability, flight performance, and morphology of temperate pierid butterflies (Colias, Pieris, and Pontia), Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 64(1):41–55, DOI 10.1111/j.1095-8312.1998.tb01532.x.
- ↑ |url=http://www.funet.fi/pub/sci/bio/life/insecta/lepidoptera/ditrysia/papilionoidea/pieridae/coliadinae/colias/index.html De genere] apud situm funet.fi.
Nexus externi
- Photographemata et verba de speciebus Palaearcticis apud situm rusinsects.com
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