Wikidata:Property proposal/Lexemes
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Wikibase lexeme
editDescription | suggest the relationship between similar Javanese lexemes, between its various registers (social variants), mainly ngoko (Q12500634) register (plain Javanese), krama (Q12492493) register (high/polite Javanese), and madya (Q13091955) register (middle Javanese) |
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Data type | Lexeme |
Example 1 | kowé/kowe/ꦏꦺꦴꦮꦺ (L2328) "ngoko" register and sampéyan/sampeyan/ꦱꦩ꧀ꦥꦺꦪꦤ꧀ (L1322036) "krama" register both means "you", but have different social register, where the former is considered casual, and the latter more formal and polite. For reference, please see the online Javanese dictionary in https://www.sastra.org/leksikon (make sure to tick "kata utuh" checkbox when searching to exclude partial matches). For more information regarding this ngoko/krama, see the introduction in this Javanese-English dictionary: https://www.sastra.org/bahasa-dan-budaya/kamus-dan-leksikon/1703-javanese-english-dictionary-horne-1974-1968, especially section 4.1. Organization of the Entries, and 5. SOCIAL STYLES |
Example 2 | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Javanese_language&oldid=1237164603#Registers |
Example 3 | https://jv.wiktionary.org/wiki/Kategori:Tembung_krama, https://jv.wiktionary.org/wiki/Wikisastra:Tabel_krama-ngoko |
Motivation
editI'm planning to add more Javanese lexeme, but there are many words with different registers, and using synonym (P5973) is not correct, because although they have different meaning, but they have different usage, and also there are many synonyms within the same registers (for example, "you" have 4 or more synonyms in "ngoko", and 3 or more different words in "krama"). Using a dedicated property would enable to search and query the relationship between different registers. As you can ses from the links provided above, the relationship between these registers are not one-to-one, and while "ngoko" form is considered the default, not all "ngoko" have "krama" equivalent (only about 1000 without affixation, much more with affixation), much less "madya" and other register ("krama inggil", etc.) and some "krama" are equivalent to several "ngoko", because they are not true "synonym" equivalent, but rather substitutions words for different social context. Therefore this property should support multiple relationships. For example:
- "you"
- ngoko: kowe, (synyonym: ko'ên, kohên, kowên)
- madya: samang, andika, (synyonym: dika)
- krama: sampeyan, (synyonym: bênampeyan, bênangpeyan)
- krama inggil: panjênêngan, (synyonym: nandalêm, paduka)
- "to say, to tell"
- ngoko: kandha, (synyonym: clathu, ngomong, kêcap, wara, gotèk, cluluk, wuwus, etc.)
- krama: criyos, sanjang, (synyonym: sajang, wicantên, etc.)
- krama andhap: matur
- krama inggil: andika, ngêndika, (synyonym: unandika)
- kawi: angling
- (things related to hand / "tangan")
- ngoko: tangan, krama inggil: asta, simple noun, but the verbs get complicated:
- krama inggil: ngasta (ng- + asta) serve as substitutions for ngoko: 1 nyambut gawe (to work), 2 nggawa (to bring, take, carry), 3 nandang (to do), 4 nyekel (to hold, grasp, to handle), 5 mulang (to teach)
Bennylin (talk) 18:23, 9 August 2024 (UTC)
Discussion
editSupport Thersetya2021 (talk) 14:39, 13 August 2024 (UTC)