We've added 22 new reports to the research clearinghouse including two new reports from the Prison Policy Initiative:

• Prisons of Poverty: Uncovering the pre-incarceration incomes of the imprisoned by Prison Policy Initiative, July, 2015
  "We found that, in 2014 dollars, incarcerated people had a median annual income of $19,185 prior to their incarceration, which is 41% less than non-incarcerated people of similar ages." See similar reports about:
  Incarceration Rates Growth Causes Recidivism and Reentry
• The Racial Geography of Mass Incarceration by Prison Policy Initiative, July, 2015
  "Entirely separate from the more commonly discussed problem of racial disparities in who goes to prison, this data addresses a distressing racial and ethnic disparity in where prisons have been built." See similar reports about:
  Prison Gerrymandering Civil Rights
• Racial Inequalities in Connectedness to Imprisoned Individuals in the United States by Du Bois Review, May, 2015
  "We show that 44% of Black women (and 32% of Black men) but only 12% of White women (and 6% of White men) have a family member imprisoned." See similar reports about:
  Families Civil Rights
• Solitary Confinement: Common Misconceptions and Emerging Safe Alternatives by Vera Institute of Justice, May, 2015
  "While the precise number of people held in segregated housing on any given day is not known with any certainty, estimates run to more than 80,000 in state and federal prisons—which is surely an undercount." See similar reports about:
  Prisoner Welfare
• The Plummeting Arrest Rates of California's Children by Center on Juvenile and Criminal Justice, May, 2015
  "But in 2013, with a pre-teen population 40 percent larger, arrests for children under 12 fell to 1,394, and arrests of children under 10 fell to 219 — leading to a 92 percent drop in arrest rates." See similar reports about:
  Juveniles
• Prosecution and Racial Justice in New York County Technical Report by Vera Institute of Justice, January, 2014
  (For all offenses combined, compared to similarly-situated white defendants, black and Latino defendants were more likely to be detained, to receive a custodial plea offer, and to be incarcerated; but they were also more likely to benefit from dismissals.) See similar reports about:
  Civil Rights
• The Incarceration of Children & Youth in New Jersey's Adult Prison System: New Jersey Youth Justice Initiative by New Jersey Parents' Caucus, May, 2015
  "Youth of color are disproportionately represented among those waived to the adult prison system in New Jersey and make up approximately 90% of youth included in our data set who are incarcerated in the adult system." See similar reports about:
  Juveniles
• Sex Offender Law and the Geography of Victimization by Journal of Empirical Legal Studies, December, 2014
  "We find that, all else equal, reported sex offense victimization risk is generally (although not uniformly) lower in neighborhoods where more RSOs live." See similar reports about:
  Crime and Crime Rates Recidivism and Reentry
• The Returning Prisoner and the Future of Work by Northwestern Law Bluhm Legal Clinic's Program for Prisoner Reentry Strategies, November, 2014
  (But perhaps correctional employment-related reentry programs fail to demonstrate effectiveness because they lack duration, intensity, or the focus on specific skills that businesses insist are necessary to prepare workers for skilled jobs.) See similar reports about:
  Recidivism and Reentry
• 10,000 fewer Michigan prisoners: Strategies to reach the goal by Citizens Alliance on Prisons and Public Spending, June, 2015
  "This report establishes credible estimates of how many prison beds could be saved by adopting each strategy." See similar reports about:
  Incarceration Rates Growth Causes
• Do Private Prisons Distort Justice? Evidence on Time Served and Recidivism by University of Wisconsin - Madison, March, 2015
  "My final result is that there is no reduction in recidivism for prisoners in private prison despite the additional time they serve, suggesting that either the marginal returns to incarceration are low, or private prisons increase recidivism risk." See similar reports about:
  Prison Privatization Recidivism and Reentry
• Jail Inmates at Midyear 2014 by Bureau of Justice Statistics, June, 2015
  "The jail population remained steady at the 2012 level and was significantly lower than the peak of an estimated 785,500 at midyear 2008." See similar reports about:
  Jails
• Deadly Force: Police Use of Lethal Force In The United States by Amnesty International, June, 2015
  (No one knows how many people are killed by police in the US, but estimates range from 400 to 1000 people each year. Yet not one state in the US complies with international human rights standards on the use of lethal force by police.) See similar reports about:
  Police and Policing Practices
• Seven Out of Ten? Not Even Close. (pdf) by Central Connecticut State University, March, 2015
  (On average children with incarcerated parents were about three times as likely as non-children with incarcerated parents to become justice-involved, not nearly six times more likely.) See similar reports about:
  Families
• The Impact of Mass Incarceration on Poverty by Crime and Delinquency, February, 2009
  "From an empirical standpoint, the results from the current analysis are quite clear; mass incarceration has played a major role in increasing poverty rates." See similar reports about:
  Prison and The Economy Community Impact
• Firearms and the incidence of arrest among respondents to domestic violence restraining orders by Injury Epidemiology, 2015
  "Respondents linked to firearms were older than others and were more likely to have a history of prior arrest. The incidence of arrest was 20.6 % for respondents linked to firearms and 21.1 % for others." See similar reports about:
  Crime and Crime Rates Gun Control
• Reducing Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Jails: Recommendations for Local Practice by Brennan Center for Justice, June, 2015
  "Overuse of Pre-Trial Detention: Studies consistently find that African American and Hispanic defendants are more than twice as likely to be detained in jail pending trial." See similar reports about:
  Jails Civil Rights
• Was There a "Ferguson Effect" on Crime in St. Louis? by The Sentencing Project, June, 2015
  "Only the timing of the change in property crimes is fully consistent with a Ferguson effect. But temporal consistency is not a sufficient condition to establish substantive proof." See similar reports about:
  Crime and Crime Rates
• Injustice at Every Turn: A Report of the National Transgender Discrimination Survey by National Center for Transgender Equality; National Gay and Lesbian Task Force, 2015
  "One-fifth (22%) of respondents who have interacted with police reported harassment by police due to bias, with substantially higher rates (29-38%) reported by respondents of color." See similar reports about:
  Civil Rights
• The Sexual Abuse to Prison Pipeline: The Girls' Story by Human Rights Project for Girls; Georgetown Law Center on Poverty and Inequality; Ms. Foundation for Women, 2015
  "And in a perverse twist of justice, many girls who experience sexual abuse are routed into the juvenile justice system because of their victimization." See similar reports about:
  Juveniles Women
• Justice for All? by Women Donors Network, 2015
  "95% of elected prosecutors are white. 85% of prosecutors run for election unopposed." See similar reports about:
  Trials
• Safer Return by Urban Institute, 2015
  "Despite implementation challenges, Safer Return was able to improve reentry outcomes for participants relative to comparisons who did not participate, though not as much as had been hoped for." See similar reports about:
  Recidivism and Reentry