Search: a180735 -id:a180735
|
|
A000213
|
|
Tribonacci numbers: a(n) = a(n-1) + a(n-2) + a(n-3) with a(0)=a(1)=a(2)=1.
(Formerly M2454 N0975)
|
|
+10
148
|
|
|
1, 1, 1, 3, 5, 9, 17, 31, 57, 105, 193, 355, 653, 1201, 2209, 4063, 7473, 13745, 25281, 46499, 85525, 157305, 289329, 532159, 978793, 1800281, 3311233, 6090307, 11201821, 20603361, 37895489, 69700671, 128199521, 235795681, 433695873, 797691075, 1467182629
(list;
graph;
refs;
listen;
history;
text;
internal format)
|
|
|
OFFSET
|
0,4
|
|
COMMENTS
|
The name "tribonacci number" is less well-defined than "Fibonacci number". The sequence A000073 (which begins 0, 0, 1) is probably the most important version, but the name has also been applied to A000213, A001590, and A081172. - N. J. A. Sloane, Jul 25 2024
Number of (n-1)-bit binary sequences with each one adjacent to a zero. - R. H. Hardin, Dec 24 2007
Equals INVERT transform of (1, 0, 2, 0, 2, 0, 2, ...). a(6) = 17 = (1, 1, 1, 3, 5, 9) dot (0, 2, 0, 2, 0, 1) = (0 + 2 + 0 + 6 + 0 + 9) = 17. - Gary W. Adamson, Apr 27 2009
Equals the number of tilings of a 2 X n grid using singletons and "S-shaped tetrominoes" (i.e., shapes of the form Polygon[{{0, 0}, {2, 0}, {2, 1}, {3, 1}, {3, 2}, {1, 2}, {1, 1}, {0, 1}}]).
Also equals the number of tilings of a 2 X n grid using singletons and "T-shaped tetrominoes" (i.e., shapes of the form Polygon[{{0, 0}, {3, 0}, {3, 1}, {2, 1}, {2, 2}, {1, 2}, {1, 1}, {0, 1}}]). (End)
Pisano period lengths: 1, 1, 13, 4, 31, 13, 48, 8, 39, 31, 110, 52, 168, 48, 403, 16, 96, 39, 360, 124, ... (differs from A106293). - R. J. Mathar, Aug 10 2012
a(n) is the number of compositions of n with no consecutive 1's. a(4) = 5 because we have: 4, 3+1, 1+3, 2+2, 1+2+1. Cf. A239791, A003242. - Geoffrey Critzer, Mar 27 2014
a(n+2) is the number of words of length n over alphabet {1,2,3} without having {11,12,22,23} as substrings. - Ran Pan, Sep 16 2015
a(n) is also the number of dominating sets on the (n-1)-path graph. - Eric W. Weisstein, Mar 31 2017
a(n) is also the number of maximal irredundant sets and minimal dominating sets in the (2n-3)-triangular snake graph. - Eric W. Weisstein, Jun 09 2019
a(n) is also the number of anti-palindromic compositions of n, where a composition (c(1), c(2),..., c(k)) is anti-palindromic if c(i) is not equal to c(k+1-i) whenever 1 <= i <= k/2. For instance, there are a(4) = 5 anti-palindromic compositions of 4: 4, 31, 13, 211, 112. - Jia Huang, Apr 08 2023
|
|
REFERENCES
|
Kenneth Edwards, Michael A. Allen, A new combinatorial interpretation of the Fibonacci numbers squared, Part II, Fib. Q., 58:2 (2020), 169-177.
N. J. A. Sloane, A Handbook of Integer Sequences, Academic Press, 1973 (includes this sequence).
N. J. A. Sloane and Simon Plouffe, The Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences, Academic Press, 1995 (includes this sequence).
|
|
LINKS
|
George E. Andrews, Matthew Just, and Greg Simay, Anti-palindromic compositions, arXiv:2102.01613 [math.CO], 2021. Also Fib. Q., 60:2 (2022), 164-176. See Table 1.
B. G. Baumgart, Letter to the editor Part 1 Part 2 Part 3, Fib. Quart. 2 (1964), 260, 302.
|
|
FORMULA
|
G.f.: (1-x)*(1+x)/(1-x-x^2-x^3). - Ralf Stephan, Feb 11 2004
G.f.: 1 / (1 - x / (1 - 2*x^2 / (1 + x^2))). - Michael Somos, May 12 2012
a(n) = rightmost term of M^n * [1 1 1], where M is the 3 X 3 matrix [1 1 1 / 1 0 0 / 0 1 0]. M^n * [1 1 1] = [a(n+2) a(n+1) a(n)]. a(n)/a(n-1) tends to the tribonacci constant, 1.839286755...; an eigenvalue of M and a root of x^3 - x^2 - x - 1 = 0. - Gary W. Adamson, Dec 17 2004
a(n) = 2*a(n-1) - a(n-4), n > 3. - Gary Detlefs, Sep 13 2010
a(n) = Sum_{m=0..n/2} Sum_{i=0..m} binomial(n-2*m+1,m-i)*binomial(n-2*m+i, n-2*m). - Vladimir Kruchinin, Dec 17 2011
G.f.: 1+x/(U(0) - x) where U(k) = 1 - x^2/(1 - 1/(1 + 1/U(k+1))); (continued fraction, 3-step). - Sergei N. Gladkovskii, Nov 16 2012
G.f.: 1 + x + x^2/(G(0)-x) where G(k) = 1 - x*(2*k+1)/(1 - 1/(1 + (2*k+1)/G(k+1))); (continued fraction, 3-step). - Sergei N. Gladkovskii, Nov 17 2012
G.f.: (1+x)*(1-x)*(1 + x*(G(0)-1)/(x+1)) where G(k) = 1 + (1+x+x^2)/(1-x/(x+1/G(k+1) )); (continued fraction). - Sergei N. Gladkovskii, Jan 26 2013
G.f.: 1/(1+x-G(0)), where G(k) = 1 - 1/(1 - x/(x - 1/(1 + 1/(1 - x/(x + 1/G(k+1)))))); (continued fraction). - Sergei N. Gladkovskii, Jun 20 2013
|
|
EXAMPLE
|
G.f. = 1 + x + x^2 + 3*x^3 + 5*x^4 + 9*x^5+ 17*x^6 + 31*x^7 + 57*x^8 + ...
|
|
MAPLE
|
K:=(1-z^2)/(1-z-z^2-z^3): Kser:=series(K, z=0, 45): seq((coeff(Kser, z, n)), n= 0..34); # Zerinvary Lajos, Nov 08 2007
|
|
MATHEMATICA
|
LinearRecurrence[{1, 1, 1}, {1, 1, 1}, 45] (* Harvey P. Dale, May 23 2011 *)
Table[RootSum[-1 - # - #^2 + #^3 &, 2 #^n - 4 #^(n + 1) + 3 #^(n + 2) &]/11, {n, 0, 45}] (* Eric W. Weisstein, Apr 10 2018 *)
CoefficientList[Series[(1-x)(1+x)/(1-x-x^2-x^3), {x, 0, 45}], x] (* Eric W. Weisstein, Apr 10 2018 *)
|
|
PROG
|
(PARI) a(n)=tn=[1, 1, 1; 1, 0, 0; 0, 1, 0]^n; tn[3, 1]+tn[3, 2]+tn[3, 3] \\ Charles R Greathouse IV, Feb 18 2011
(Maxima) a(n):=sum(sum(binomial(n-2*m+1, m-i)*binomial(n-2*m+i, n-2*m), i, 0, m), m, 0, (n)/2); /* Vladimir Kruchinin, Dec 17 2011 */
(Haskell)
a000213 n = a000213_list !! n
a000213_list = 1 : 1 : 1 : zipWith (+) a000213_list
(tail $ zipWith (+) a000213_list (tail a000213_list))
(Magma) I:=[1, 1, 1]; [n le 3 select I[n] else Self(n-1) + Self(n-2) + Self(n-3): n in [1..45]]; // G. C. Greubel, Jun 09 2019
(Sage) ((1-x^2)/(1-x-x^2-x^3)).series(x, 45).coefficients(x, sparse=False) # G. C. Greubel, Jun 09 2019
(GAP) a:=[1, 1, 1];; for n in [4..45] do a[n]:=a[n-1]+a[n-2]+a[n-3]; od; a; # G. C. Greubel, Jun 09 2019
(Python)
alst = [1, 1, 1]
[alst.append(alst[n-1] + alst[n-2] + alst[n-3]) for n in range(3, 37)]
|
|
CROSSREFS
|
|
|
KEYWORD
|
nonn,easy,nice
|
|
AUTHOR
|
|
|
STATUS
|
approved
|
|
|
|
|
A330885
|
|
Square array T(n,k) read by antidiagonals upwards: T(n,0)=1; T(n,1) = n+1; T(n,2) = 2n+1, T(n,k>2) = T(n,k-1) - T(n,k-2) - T(n,k-3).
|
|
+10
0
|
|
|
1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 3, 3, -1, 1, 4, 5, 0, -3, 1, 5, 7, 1, -5, -3, 1, 6, 9, 2, -7, -8, 1, 1, 7, 11, 3, -9, -13, -3, 7, 1, 8, 13, 4, -11, -18, -7, 10, 9, 1, 9, 15, 5, -13, -23, -11, 13, 21, 1, 1, 10, 17, 6, -15, -28, -15, 16, 33, 14, -15
(list;
table;
graph;
refs;
listen;
history;
text;
internal format)
|
|
|
OFFSET
|
0,5
|
|
LINKS
|
|
|
FORMULA
|
|
|
EXAMPLE
|
Array starts:
1 1 1 -1 -3 -3 1 7 9 1 -15 -25
1 2 3 0 -5 -8 -3 10 21 14 -17 -52
1 3 5 1 -7 -13 -7 13 33 27 -19 -79
1 4 7 2 -9 -18 -11 16 45 40 -21 -106
1 5 9 3 -11 -23 -15 19 57 53 -23 -133
1 6 11 4 -13 -28 -19 22 69 66 -25 -160
1 7 13 5 -15 -33 -23 25 81 79 -27 -187
|
|
MATHEMATICA
|
T[n_, k_]:= T[n, k]= If[k<3, k*n+1, T[n, k-1] - T[n, k-2] - T[n, k-3]];
Table[T[n-k, k], {n, 0, 12}, {k, 0, n}]//Flatten (* G. C. Greubel, May 26 2020 *)
|
|
CROSSREFS
|
|
|
KEYWORD
|
|
|
AUTHOR
|
|
|
STATUS
|
approved
|
|
|
Search completed in 0.005 seconds
|