Lista de utilitaristas
Aspeto
Esta é uma lista incompleta de defensores do utilitarismo e/ou consequencialismo.
Mortos
[editar | editar código-fonte]Antigos
[editar | editar código-fonte]Século XVII
[editar | editar código-fonte]- Richard Cumberland[3]:104–106
- John Gay[3] :179–181
- Bernard Mandeville[4]
Século XVIII
[editar | editar código-fonte]<div class="div-col columns column-count column-count-
- John Brown[3] :502
- Cesare Beccaria[5]
- Jeremy Bentham[6]
- Thomas Cooper[3] :100–103
- Soame Jenyns[7]
- William Johnson Fox[3] :172–173
- Anthony Hammond[3] :198
- Claude Adrien Helvétius[8]
- Baron d'Holbach[9]
- Francis Hutcheson[10]
- Edmund Law[11]
- James Mill[12]
- John Neal[3] :367–369
- William Paley[13]
- Joseph Priestley[14]
- Jean Baptiste Say[3] :497–499
- Thomas Rutherforth[11]
- Thomas Southwood Smith[3] :525–527
- Thomas Perronet Thompson[3] :545–547
- William Thompson[3] :547–548
- Abraham Tucker[11]" style="-moz-column-count:
- John Brown[3] :502
- Cesare Beccaria[5]
- Jeremy Bentham[6]
- Thomas Cooper[3] :100–103
- Soame Jenyns[7]
- William Johnson Fox[3] :172–173
- Anthony Hammond[3] :198
- Claude Adrien Helvétius[8]
- Baron d'Holbach[9]
- Francis Hutcheson[10]
- Edmund Law[11]
- James Mill[12]
- John Neal[3] :367–369
- William Paley[13]
- Joseph Priestley[14]
- Jean Baptiste Say[3] :497–499
- Thomas Rutherforth[11]
- Thomas Southwood Smith[3] :525–527
- Thomas Perronet Thompson[3] :545–547
- William Thompson[3] :547–548
- Abraham Tucker[11]
- -webkit-column-count
- John Brown[3] :502
- Cesare Beccaria[5]
- Jeremy Bentham[6]
- Thomas Cooper[3] :100–103
- Soame Jenyns[7]
- William Johnson Fox[3] :172–173
- Anthony Hammond[3] :198
- Claude Adrien Helvétius[8]
- Baron d'Holbach[9]
- Francis Hutcheson[10]
- Edmund Law[11]
- James Mill[12]
- John Neal[3] :367–369
- William Paley[13]
- Joseph Priestley[14]
- Jean Baptiste Say[3] :497–499
- Thomas Rutherforth[11]
- Thomas Southwood Smith[3] :525–527
- Thomas Perronet Thompson[3] :545–547
- William Thompson[3] :547–548
- Abraham Tucker[11]
- column-count
- John Brown[3] :502
- Cesare Beccaria[5]
- Jeremy Bentham[6]
- Thomas Cooper[3] :100–103
- Soame Jenyns[7]
- William Johnson Fox[3] :172–173
- Anthony Hammond[3] :198
- Claude Adrien Helvétius[8]
- Baron d'Holbach[9]
- Francis Hutcheson[10]
- Edmund Law[11]
- James Mill[12]
- John Neal[3] :367–369
- William Paley[13]
- Joseph Priestley[14]
- Jean Baptiste Say[3] :497–499
- Thomas Rutherforth[11]
- Thomas Southwood Smith[3] :525–527
- Thomas Perronet Thompson[3] :545–547
- William Thompson[3] :547–548
- Abraham Tucker[11]
- ">
- John Brown[3] :502
- Cesare Beccaria[5]
- Jeremy Bentham[6]
- Thomas Cooper[3] :100–103
- Soame Jenyns[7]
- William Johnson Fox[3] :172–173
- Anthony Hammond[3] :198
- Claude Adrien Helvétius[8]
- Baron d'Holbach[9]
- Francis Hutcheson[10]
- Edmund Law[11]
- James Mill[12]
- John Neal[3] :367–369
- William Paley[13]
- Joseph Priestley[14]
- Jean Baptiste Say[3] :497–499
- Thomas Rutherforth[11]
- Thomas Southwood Smith[3] :525–527
- Thomas Perronet Thompson[3] :545–547
- William Thompson[3] :547–548
- Abraham Tucker[11]
Século XIX
[editar | editar código-fonte]<div class="div-col columns column-count column-count-
- John Austin[15]
- Samuel Bailey[16]
- Alexander Bain
- George Bentham[3] :44–46
- Peregrine Bingham, o Jovem[3] :57
- Bernard Bolzano[17]
- Edwin Chadwick[3] :75–77
- John Collier[18]
- Charles Darwin[19]
- Francis Ysidro Edgeworth[20]
- Henry Fawcett[3] :161–163
- Thomas Fowler[3] :172
- William Godwin[21]
- George Grote[3] :188–192
- Richard Hildreth[3] :234–240
- William Stanley Jevons[3] :287–289
- Edward Livingston[3] :313–315
- James MacKaye[22]
- Alfred Marshall[3] :327–330
- Harriet Taylor Mill
- John Stuart Mill[23]
- G. E. Moore[3] :356–359
- J. Howard Moore[24]
- John L. O'Sullivan[3] :384–385
- Hastings Rashdall[3] :463–465
- David Ricardo
- David George Ritchie[3] :483–484
- Lionel Robbins[3] :484–486
- Henry Sidgwick[3] :531–534
- James Fitzjames Stephen
- Leslie Stephen[3] :535–538
- William Thompson" style="-moz-column-count:
- John Austin[15]
- Samuel Bailey[16]
- Alexander Bain
- George Bentham[3] :44–46
- Peregrine Bingham, o Jovem[3] :57
- Bernard Bolzano[17]
- Edwin Chadwick[3] :75–77
- John Collier[18]
- Charles Darwin[19]
- Francis Ysidro Edgeworth[20]
- Henry Fawcett[3] :161–163
- Thomas Fowler[3] :172
- William Godwin[21]
- George Grote[3] :188–192
- Richard Hildreth[3] :234–240
- William Stanley Jevons[3] :287–289
- Edward Livingston[3] :313–315
- James MacKaye[22]
- Alfred Marshall[3] :327–330
- Harriet Taylor Mill
- John Stuart Mill[23]
- G. E. Moore[3] :356–359
- J. Howard Moore[24]
- John L. O'Sullivan[3] :384–385
- Hastings Rashdall[3] :463–465
- David Ricardo
- David George Ritchie[3] :483–484
- Lionel Robbins[3] :484–486
- Henry Sidgwick[3] :531–534
- James Fitzjames Stephen
- Leslie Stephen[3] :535–538
- William Thompson
- -webkit-column-count
- John Austin[15]
- Samuel Bailey[16]
- Alexander Bain
- George Bentham[3] :44–46
- Peregrine Bingham, o Jovem[3] :57
- Bernard Bolzano[17]
- Edwin Chadwick[3] :75–77
- John Collier[18]
- Charles Darwin[19]
- Francis Ysidro Edgeworth[20]
- Henry Fawcett[3] :161–163
- Thomas Fowler[3] :172
- William Godwin[21]
- George Grote[3] :188–192
- Richard Hildreth[3] :234–240
- William Stanley Jevons[3] :287–289
- Edward Livingston[3] :313–315
- James MacKaye[22]
- Alfred Marshall[3] :327–330
- Harriet Taylor Mill
- John Stuart Mill[23]
- G. E. Moore[3] :356–359
- J. Howard Moore[24]
- John L. O'Sullivan[3] :384–385
- Hastings Rashdall[3] :463–465
- David Ricardo
- David George Ritchie[3] :483–484
- Lionel Robbins[3] :484–486
- Henry Sidgwick[3] :531–534
- James Fitzjames Stephen
- Leslie Stephen[3] :535–538
- William Thompson
- column-count
- John Austin[15]
- Samuel Bailey[16]
- Alexander Bain
- George Bentham[3] :44–46
- Peregrine Bingham, o Jovem[3] :57
- Bernard Bolzano[17]
- Edwin Chadwick[3] :75–77
- John Collier[18]
- Charles Darwin[19]
- Francis Ysidro Edgeworth[20]
- Henry Fawcett[3] :161–163
- Thomas Fowler[3] :172
- William Godwin[21]
- George Grote[3] :188–192
- Richard Hildreth[3] :234–240
- William Stanley Jevons[3] :287–289
- Edward Livingston[3] :313–315
- James MacKaye[22]
- Alfred Marshall[3] :327–330
- Harriet Taylor Mill
- John Stuart Mill[23]
- G. E. Moore[3] :356–359
- J. Howard Moore[24]
- John L. O'Sullivan[3] :384–385
- Hastings Rashdall[3] :463–465
- David Ricardo
- David George Ritchie[3] :483–484
- Lionel Robbins[3] :484–486
- Henry Sidgwick[3] :531–534
- James Fitzjames Stephen
- Leslie Stephen[3] :535–538
- William Thompson
- ">
- John Austin[15]
- Samuel Bailey[16]
- Alexander Bain
- George Bentham[3] :44–46
- Peregrine Bingham, o Jovem[3] :57
- Bernard Bolzano[17]
- Edwin Chadwick[3] :75–77
- John Collier[18]
- Charles Darwin[19]
- Francis Ysidro Edgeworth[20]
- Henry Fawcett[3] :161–163
- Thomas Fowler[3] :172
- William Godwin[21]
- George Grote[3] :188–192
- Richard Hildreth[3] :234–240
- William Stanley Jevons[3] :287–289
- Edward Livingston[3] :313–315
- James MacKaye[22]
- Alfred Marshall[3] :327–330
- Harriet Taylor Mill
- John Stuart Mill[23]
- G. E. Moore[3] :356–359
- J. Howard Moore[24]
- John L. O'Sullivan[3] :384–385
- Hastings Rashdall[3] :463–465
- David Ricardo
- David George Ritchie[3] :483–484
- Lionel Robbins[3] :484–486
- Henry Sidgwick[3] :531–534
- James Fitzjames Stephen
- Leslie Stephen[3] :535–538
- William Thompson
Século XX
[editar | editar código-fonte]<div class="div-col columns column-count column-count-
- Richard Brandt[25]
- Milton Friedman
- Esperanza Guisán[26]
- R. M. Hare[27]
- H. L. A. Hart[3] :216–221
- Roy Harrod[3] :212–213
- John Harsanyi[28]
- Henry Hazlitt[29]
- Ludwig von Mises
- Arthur Cecil Pigou[3] :414–416
- Karl Popper
- James Rachels
- Bertrand Russell[30]
- Ching-Lai Sheng[3] :553–554
- J. J. C. Smart[31]
- Timothy Sprigge[32]" style="-moz-column-count:
- Richard Brandt[25]
- Milton Friedman
- Esperanza Guisán[26]
- R. M. Hare[27]
- H. L. A. Hart[3] :216–221
- Roy Harrod[3] :212–213
- John Harsanyi[28]
- Henry Hazlitt[29]
- Ludwig von Mises
- Arthur Cecil Pigou[3] :414–416
- Karl Popper
- James Rachels
- Bertrand Russell[30]
- Ching-Lai Sheng[3] :553–554
- J. J. C. Smart[31]
- Timothy Sprigge[32]
- -webkit-column-count
- Richard Brandt[25]
- Milton Friedman
- Esperanza Guisán[26]
- R. M. Hare[27]
- H. L. A. Hart[3] :216–221
- Roy Harrod[3] :212–213
- John Harsanyi[28]
- Henry Hazlitt[29]
- Ludwig von Mises
- Arthur Cecil Pigou[3] :414–416
- Karl Popper
- James Rachels
- Bertrand Russell[30]
- Ching-Lai Sheng[3] :553–554
- J. J. C. Smart[31]
- Timothy Sprigge[32]
- column-count
- Richard Brandt[25]
- Milton Friedman
- Esperanza Guisán[26]
- R. M. Hare[27]
- H. L. A. Hart[3] :216–221
- Roy Harrod[3] :212–213
- John Harsanyi[28]
- Henry Hazlitt[29]
- Ludwig von Mises
- Arthur Cecil Pigou[3] :414–416
- Karl Popper
- James Rachels
- Bertrand Russell[30]
- Ching-Lai Sheng[3] :553–554
- J. J. C. Smart[31]
- Timothy Sprigge[32]
- ">
- Richard Brandt[25]
- Milton Friedman
- Esperanza Guisán[26]
- R. M. Hare[27]
- H. L. A. Hart[3] :216–221
- Roy Harrod[3] :212–213
- John Harsanyi[28]
- Henry Hazlitt[29]
- Ludwig von Mises
- Arthur Cecil Pigou[3] :414–416
- Karl Popper
- James Rachels
- Bertrand Russell[30]
- Ching-Lai Sheng[3] :553–554
- J. J. C. Smart[31]
- Timothy Sprigge[32]
Vivos
[editar | editar código-fonte]<div class="div-col columns column-count column-count-
- Jacob M. Appel
- Joseph Bankman[33]
- Sam Bankman-Fried[34]
- Jonathan Baron[35]
- Yves Bonnardel[36]
- Tyler Cowen[37]
- Julia Driver
- Jonathan Glover
- Dan Goldstick[38]
- Robert E. Goodin
- Joshua Greene
- Brad Hooker[39]
- Shelly Kagan[3] :300–301
- Eric Kaufmann[40]
- Lawrence Krauss[41]
- Zell Kravinsky[42]
- Helga Kuhse
- Richard Layard[43]
- Katarzyna de Lazari-Radek[44]
- Ludvig Lindström
- William MacAskill[45]
- Jason Gaverick Matheny
- Dylan Matthews[46]
- Yew-Kwang Ng[47]
- Alastair Norcross[48]
- David Olivier[49]
- Michel Onfray
- Toby Ord[45]
- David Pearce[50]
- Steven Pinker[51]
- Stuart Rachels[52]
- Jacy Reese Anthis
- Bart Schultz[53]
- Peter Singer[54]
- Scott Sumner[55]
- L. W. Sumner[56]
- Torbjörn Tännsjö[57]
- Robert Wright[58]" style="-moz-column-count:
- Jacob M. Appel
- Joseph Bankman[33]
- Sam Bankman-Fried[34]
- Jonathan Baron[35]
- Yves Bonnardel[36]
- Tyler Cowen[37]
- Julia Driver
- Jonathan Glover
- Dan Goldstick[38]
- Robert E. Goodin
- Joshua Greene
- Brad Hooker[39]
- Shelly Kagan[3] :300–301
- Eric Kaufmann[40]
- Lawrence Krauss[41]
- Zell Kravinsky[42]
- Helga Kuhse
- Richard Layard[43]
- Katarzyna de Lazari-Radek[44]
- Ludvig Lindström
- William MacAskill[45]
- Jason Gaverick Matheny
- Dylan Matthews[46]
- Yew-Kwang Ng[47]
- Alastair Norcross[48]
- David Olivier[49]
- Michel Onfray
- Toby Ord[45]
- David Pearce[50]
- Steven Pinker[51]
- Stuart Rachels[52]
- Jacy Reese Anthis
- Bart Schultz[53]
- Peter Singer[54]
- Scott Sumner[55]
- L. W. Sumner[56]
- Torbjörn Tännsjö[57]
- Robert Wright[58]
- -webkit-column-count
- Jacob M. Appel
- Joseph Bankman[33]
- Sam Bankman-Fried[34]
- Jonathan Baron[35]
- Yves Bonnardel[36]
- Tyler Cowen[37]
- Julia Driver
- Jonathan Glover
- Dan Goldstick[38]
- Robert E. Goodin
- Joshua Greene
- Brad Hooker[39]
- Shelly Kagan[3] :300–301
- Eric Kaufmann[40]
- Lawrence Krauss[41]
- Zell Kravinsky[42]
- Helga Kuhse
- Richard Layard[43]
- Katarzyna de Lazari-Radek[44]
- Ludvig Lindström
- William MacAskill[45]
- Jason Gaverick Matheny
- Dylan Matthews[46]
- Yew-Kwang Ng[47]
- Alastair Norcross[48]
- David Olivier[49]
- Michel Onfray
- Toby Ord[45]
- David Pearce[50]
- Steven Pinker[51]
- Stuart Rachels[52]
- Jacy Reese Anthis
- Bart Schultz[53]
- Peter Singer[54]
- Scott Sumner[55]
- L. W. Sumner[56]
- Torbjörn Tännsjö[57]
- Robert Wright[58]
- column-count
- Jacob M. Appel
- Joseph Bankman[33]
- Sam Bankman-Fried[34]
- Jonathan Baron[35]
- Yves Bonnardel[36]
- Tyler Cowen[37]
- Julia Driver
- Jonathan Glover
- Dan Goldstick[38]
- Robert E. Goodin
- Joshua Greene
- Brad Hooker[39]
- Shelly Kagan[3] :300–301
- Eric Kaufmann[40]
- Lawrence Krauss[41]
- Zell Kravinsky[42]
- Helga Kuhse
- Richard Layard[43]
- Katarzyna de Lazari-Radek[44]
- Ludvig Lindström
- William MacAskill[45]
- Jason Gaverick Matheny
- Dylan Matthews[46]
- Yew-Kwang Ng[47]
- Alastair Norcross[48]
- David Olivier[49]
- Michel Onfray
- Toby Ord[45]
- David Pearce[50]
- Steven Pinker[51]
- Stuart Rachels[52]
- Jacy Reese Anthis
- Bart Schultz[53]
- Peter Singer[54]
- Scott Sumner[55]
- L. W. Sumner[56]
- Torbjörn Tännsjö[57]
- Robert Wright[58]
- ">
- Jacob M. Appel
- Joseph Bankman[33]
- Sam Bankman-Fried[34]
- Jonathan Baron[35]
- Yves Bonnardel[36]
- Tyler Cowen[37]
- Julia Driver
- Jonathan Glover
- Dan Goldstick[38]
- Robert E. Goodin
- Joshua Greene
- Brad Hooker[39]
- Shelly Kagan[3] :300–301
- Eric Kaufmann[40]
- Lawrence Krauss[41]
- Zell Kravinsky[42]
- Helga Kuhse
- Richard Layard[43]
- Katarzyna de Lazari-Radek[44]
- Ludvig Lindström
- William MacAskill[45]
- Jason Gaverick Matheny
- Dylan Matthews[46]
- Yew-Kwang Ng[47]
- Alastair Norcross[48]
- David Olivier[49]
- Michel Onfray
- Toby Ord[45]
- David Pearce[50]
- Steven Pinker[51]
- Stuart Rachels[52]
- Jacy Reese Anthis
- Bart Schultz[53]
- Peter Singer[54]
- Scott Sumner[55]
- L. W. Sumner[56]
- Torbjörn Tännsjö[57]
- Robert Wright[58]
- ↑ Scarre, Geoffrey (novembro de 1994). «Epicurus as a Forerunner of Utilitarianism». Utilitas (em inglês). 6 (2): 219–231. ISSN 1741-6183. doi:10.1017/S0953820800001606
- ↑ Mendenhall, Grace H. (2013). Mozi: the Man, the Consequentialist, and the Utilitarian (Tese de Bachelors of Arts). College of William and Mary
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag Crimmins, James E. (2013). The Bloomsbury Encyclopedia of Utilitarianism. London: Bloomsbury. ISBN 978-0-8264-2989-6
- ↑ F. B. Kaye, "The Writings of Bernard Mandeville: a Biographical Survey,” The Journal of English and Germanic Philology, 20, no. 4 (1921): 419–67 ("uma das figuras mais importantes no desenvolvimento do utilitarismo do século XVIII")
- ↑ 'Dei delitti e delle pene' (Of Crime and Punishment), Milan, 1764.
- ↑ 'Essay on Utilitarianism, Long Version', in Amnon Goldworth (ed.), Deontology; together with A table of the springs of action; and the Article on Utilitarianism, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1983.
- ↑ Porter, Roy (23 de dezembro de 2000). «Happy hedonists». BMJ (em inglês). 321 (7276): 1572–1575. ISSN 0959-8138. PMC 1119255
. PMID 11124182. doi:10.1136/bmj.321.7276.1572/a.
Happiness is the only thing of real value in existence
- ↑ Hoesch, Matthias (setembro de 2018). «From Theory to Practice: Bentham's Reception of Helvétius». Utilitas (em inglês). 30 (3): 294–316. ISSN 0953-8208. doi:10.1017/S0953820817000309
- ↑ LeBuffe, Michael (2020), «Paul-Henri Thiry (Baron) d'Holbach», in: Zalta, Edward N., The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy Spring 2020 ed. , Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University, consultado em 31 de julho de 2020
- ↑ «Francis Hutcheson's early formulation of the principle of "the greatest Happiness for the greatest Numbers" (1726)». Online Library of Liberty. Consultado em 31 de julho de 2020
- ↑ a b c Heydt, Colin (30 de janeiro de 2014), Eggleston, Ben; Miller, Dale E., eds., «Utilitarianism before Bentham», ISBN 978-1-139-09673-7 1 ed. , Cambridge University Press, The Cambridge Companion to Utilitarianism, pp. 16–37, doi:10.1017/cco9781139096737.002, consultado em 22 de março de 2021
- ↑ Ball, Terence (2018), «James Mill», in: Zalta, Edward N., The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy Winter 2018 ed. , Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University, consultado em 31 de julho de 2020
- ↑ Smith, Wilson (1954). «William Paley's Theological Utilitarianism in America». The William and Mary Quarterly. 11 (3): 402–424. ISSN 0043-5597. JSTOR 1943313. doi:10.2307/1943313
- ↑ Canovan, Margaret (1984). «The Un-Benthamite Utilitarianism of Joseph Priestley». Journal of the History of Ideas. 45 (3): 435–450. ISSN 0022-5037. JSTOR 2709234. doi:10.2307/2709234
- ↑ The Province of Jurisprudence Determined, London, 1832.
- ↑
Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). «Bailey, Samuel». Encyclopædia Britannica (em inglês) 11.ª ed. Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. (atualmente em domínio público)
- ↑ Selected Writings on Ethics and Politics, Amsterdam 2007.
- ↑ The religion of an artist, 1926 ("My standard is frankly utilitarian. As far as morality is intuitive, I think it may be reduced to an inherent impulse of kindliness towards our fellow citizens.")
- ↑ Darwin, Charles (1874). The Descent of Man. [S.l.: s.n.] pp. 393.
Como todos os homens desejam sua própria felicidade, elogios ou críticas são concedidos a ações e motivos, conforme eles conduzem a esse fim; e como a felicidade é uma parte essencial do bem geral, o princípio da maior felicidade serve indiretamente como um padrão quase seguro de certo e errado.
- ↑ Mathematical Psychics, London: Kegan Paul, 1881; New and Old Methods of Ethics, Oxford and London: James Parker, 1877, 56-57 ("'Méchanique Sociale' pode um dia tomar seu lugar junto com 'Mécanique Celeste', entronizado cada um sobre a altura dupla de um princípio máximo, o pináculo supremo da moral como da ciência física. Assim como os movimentos de cada partícula, constrangida ou solta, em um cosmos material são continuamente subordinados a uma soma total máxima de energia acumulada, assim os movimentos de cada alma, sejam egoisticamente isoladas ou ligadas simpaticamente, podem continuamente realizar a energia máxima de prazer, o amor divino do universo.")
- ↑ An Enquiry Concerning the Principles of Political Justice. 1st edition.
- ↑ The Economy of Happiness, Boston, 1906.
- ↑ Utilitarianism, London, 1863.
- ↑ Better-World Philosophy: A Sociological Synthesis, Chicago: Ward Waugh, 1899, pp. 78–79 ("Cada ser vivo do universo, portanto, mantém para todos os outros seres vivos a relação de possível certo e errado, mas para o universo insensível tal relação não existe. “Certo” é aquela relação que conduz à felicidade, ou bem-estar, ou vida completa, ou qualquer outro sinônimo preferido. “Errado” é aquilo que conduz ao oposto da felicidade – miséria, má sorte, inadaptação.").
- ↑ A Theory of the Good and the Right, Amherst: Prometheus, 1998.
- ↑ 'Utilitarismo', in Victoria Camps, Osvaldo Guariglia and Fernando Salmerón (eds.), Concepciones de la ética, Madrid: Trotta: 1992, pp. 269-295.
- ↑ 'Ethical Theory and Utilitarianism', in H. D. Lewis, Contemporary British Philosophy, Vol. 4, London: Allen and Unwin.
- ↑ 'Morality and the Theory of Rational Behavior', Social Research, Vol. 44, No. 4, pp. 623-56.
- ↑ The Foundations of Morality, Princeton, NJ: D. Van Nostrand, 1964.
- ↑ The Autobiography of Bertrand Russell, London: Routledge, 2000 [London: Allen and Unwin, 1969, Vol. 1], p. 39 ("Parecia-me óbvio que a felicidade da humanidade deveria ser o objetivo de toda ação e, para minha surpresa, descobri que havia quem pensasse o contrário. Descobri que a crença na felicidade era chamada de utilitarismo e era apenas uma entre várias teorias éticas. Eu aderi a ela depois dessa descoberta.").
- ↑ 'An Outline of a System of Utilitarian Ethics', in J. J. C. Smart and B. Williams, Utilitarianism: For and Against, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1973.
- ↑ The Rational Foundations of Ethics, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1988.
- ↑ Fried, Barbara (2020). Facing Up to Scarcity: The Logic and Limits of Nonconsequentialist Thought. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. xv. ISBN 978-0198847878
- ↑ Fried, Barbara (2020). Facing Up to Scarcity: The Logic and Limits of Nonconsequentialist Thought. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. xv. ISBN 978-0198847878
- ↑ Supporting the case against empathy--Jonathan Baron interviewed by Edwin Rutsch, YouTube, 6:01.
- ↑ «Yves Bonnardel: l'antispéciste qui n'aimait pas la nature» [Yves Bonnardel: the anti-speciesist who did not like nature]. Usbek & Rica (em francês). 22 de agosto de 2016. Consultado em 26 de julho de 2020
- ↑ Stubborn Attachments ("I sometimes call myself a 'two-thirds utilitarian'").
- ↑ (University of Toronto Press, 2009, ISBN 978-0-8020-9594-7)
- ↑ Ideal Code, Real World, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2000.
- ↑ Kaufmann, Eric (2010). Shall the Religious Inherit the Earth?: Demography and Politics in the Twenty-first Century. [S.l.]: Profile Books. p. 266. ISBN 9781846681448 ("Como utilitarista, acredito que a maximização da felicidade coletiva é o fim adequado da humanidade.")
- ↑ Member of Facebook Utilitarians group.
- ↑ Parker, Ian (2 de agosto de 2004), «The Gift», The New Yorker, vol. 80, pp. 54–63
- ↑ Happiness: Lessons from a New Science, London: Penguin, 2005, pp. 4, 112 ("[Minha] filosofia é aquela do Iluminismo do século XVIII, conforme articulada por Jeremy Bentham. [...] Acredito que a ideia de Bentham estava certa e que devemos adotá-la sem medo e aplicá-la em nossas vidas.").
- ↑ From the point of view of the universe, 3:AM Magazine, September 6, 2015 ("Yes, together with Sidgwick, we are act-utilitarians.").
- ↑ a b de Lazari-Radek, Katarzyna; Singer, Peter (2017). Utilitarianism: A Very Short Introduction. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 110. ISBN 9780198728795
- ↑ "I'm a cosmopolitan utilitarian." Dylan Matthews, "You have $8 billion. You want to do as much good as possible. What do you do?". Vox (April 24, 2015).
- ↑ 'An Argument for Utilitarianism', Canadian Journal of Philosophy, vol. 11, no. 2 (1981), pp. 229-239 (with Peter Singer).
- ↑ 'Reasons without Demands: Rethinking Rightness', in James Dreier (ed.), Contemporary Debates in Moral Theory, Malden, MA: Blackwell, 2006, p. 39 ("Muitos utilitaristas (inclusive eu) acreditam [...]").
- ↑ Olivier, David (7 de janeiro de 1992). «En défense de l'utilitarisme» [In defense of utilitarianism]. Les Cahiers antispécistes (em francês). Consultado em 11 de abril de 2020
- ↑ The Hedonistic Imperative, §2.19 ("A ética utilitarista defendida aqui [...]").
- ↑ Steven Pinker - Too Much Morality? | London Real (em inglês), consultado em 22 de março de 2021
- ↑ 'Vegetarianism', in Tom L. Beauchamp and R. G. Frey (eds.), The Oxford Handbook of Animal Ethics, Oxford: Oxford University Press ("As a utilitarian, I...").
- ↑ Na introdução de seu livro The Happiness Philosophers, Princeton University Press, 2017 p2, Schultz diz que "oferece dois vivas ao utilitarismo", explicando que ele "oferece dois vivas porque algumas das críticas ao utilitarismo são muito sérias. Mas então, dois vivas podem ser o melhor que qualquer teoria ética e política desenvolvida pode esperar [...]".
- ↑ 'The Singer Solution to World Poverty', The New York Times Magazine, September 5, 1999, pp. 60-63 ("para um filósofo utilitarista como eu [...]").
- ↑ 'The wisdom of Cass Sunstein', EconLog, July 19, 2014.
- ↑ Welfare, Happiness, and Ethics, New York: Oxford University Press, 1996.
- ↑ Hedonistic Utilitarianism, Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1998.
- ↑ The Moral Animal: Why We Are, the Way We Are: The New Science of Evolutionary Psychology, Vintage, 1995, p. 341 ("embora o utilitarismo tenha sido a solução de Darwin e Mill para o desafio moral da ciência moderna, não é a solução de todos. Este capítulo também não pretende torná-lo de todos (embora, admito, seja meu).").