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|flag_link = Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia
|flag_size = 80px
|image_shield = Coat of armsEmblem of Saudi Arabia.svg
|shield_link = Coat of arms of Saudi Arabia
|shield_size = 40px
|pushpin_map = Saudi Arabia
|map_caption = Location in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
|coordinates_display = inline,title
|latd = 21 |latm = 26 |latNS = N
|longd = 40 |longm = 21 |longEW = E
|subdivision_type = [[Countries of the world|Country]]
|subdivision_name = [[File:Flag of Saudi Arabia.svg|25px]] [[Saudi Arabia]]
|subdivision_type1 = [[Provinces of Saudi Arabia|Province]]
|subdivision_name1 = [[Makkah Province]]
|subdivision_type2 =
|subdivision_name2 =
|leader_title = City Mayor
|leader_name = ArchitectSa'ad : Mohammed Almokharrijal-Maymuni
|leader_title1 = Provincial Governor
|leader_name1 = Khalid al Faisal
|leader_title2 =
|leader_name2 =
|established_title = Established
|established_date = From the 6th century BC
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|established_title3 =
|established_date3 =
|area_magnitude =
|unit_pref = Metric
|area_magnitudearea_total_km2 = 321
|area_km2 = 321
|area_metro_km2 =
|area_urban_km2 =
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|timezone = Arabian Standard Time
|utc_offset = +3
|timezone_DST = ''Not Observed''
|utc_offset_DST = ''Not Observed''
|postal_code_type = Postal Code
|postal_code = (5 digits)
|area_code = +966-2
|website =
|coordinates={{coord|21|26||N|40|21||E|type:city_region:SA|display=inline,title}}
|coordinates_region = SA
|coordinates_type = type:city
|coordinates_display = inline,title
}}
 
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In the 6th century the city of Tā'if was ruled by the [[Banu Thaqif]] tribe.
 
The town is about {{convert|100|km|mi|abbr=on}} southeast of [[Mecca]].<ref name=alislam>{{cite web|url=http://www.alislam.org/library/zafar/exampler.html |title=The Excellent Exemplar - Muhammad |publisher=Alislam.org |date= |accessdate=2012-01-17}}</ref> The walled city was a pagan religious centre. It housed the idol of the goddess al-lāt, who was then known as "the lady of Tā'if." Its climate was different from its dry and barren areas closer to the [[Red Sea]]. Wheat, vines, and fruit were grown around Tā'if. The city earned its title "the Garden of the [[Hejaz]]."
 
Both Ta'if and Mecca were resorts of pilgrimage. The people of Ta'if had close trade relations with the people of Mecca. The people of Ta'if carried on agriculture and fruit‑growing in addition to their trade activities.<ref name=alislam/>
 
During the [[Year of the Elephant]], the city was involved in several events.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.islamawareness.net/Muhammed/saw.html |title=The Prophets of Islam - Muhammad |publisher=Islamawareness.net |date= |accessdate=2012-01-17}}</ref>
 
===620 &ndash; 632: Muhammad's era===
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====1517: Surrender to the Ottoman Empire====
On 17 July 1517 the [[Sharif of Mecca]] gave away Ta'if to the [[Ottoman Empire|Ottoman]] [[Sultan]] [[Selim I]]. As a sign of this, he surrendered to him the keys of the Islamic cities of Mecca and Medina. As part of the Hejaz, Ta'if was also given over to Ottoman control.
[[File:1680 Tajef map detail Nova Persiae Armeniae Natoliae et Arabiae by Frederik de Wit BPL 15919.png|200px|thumbnail|left|Ta'if (red arrow) on the ''c.''1680 map of Arabia by Frederik de Wit.<ref>{{cite web|title=Antique map chart by Frederick de Wit published circa 1666-80|url=http://www.oldworldauctions.com/archives/detail/129-701.htm|accessdate=28 June 2013}}</ref> ]]
 
====1802 &ndash; 1813: Retaking by the Saudi and reconquest by the Ottomans====
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====1940s: Modernization under the Saudis====
Ta'if was still little more than a medieval city when the Saudis took control of it. However, they later stared to modernize the city. Saudi Arabia's first public power generator was set up in Ta'if in the late 1940s.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.saudiaramcoworld.com/issue/198206/foundations-the.pillars.htm |title=Foundations: The Pillars |publisher=Saudi Aramco World |date= |accessdate=2012-01-17 |archive-date=2012-02-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120202115900/http://www.saudiaramcoworld.com/issue/198206/foundations-the.pillars.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> In terms of building roads to the city, in 1965 the then King Faisal inaugurated the {{convert|54|mi|abbr=on}} mountain highway between Mecca and Ta'if,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.saudiaramcoworld.com/issue/196603/masterpieces.by.the.million.htm |title=Masterpieces By The Million |publisher=Saudi Aramco World |date= |accessdate=2012-01-17 |archive-date=2012-02-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120202110445/http://www.saudiaramcoworld.com/issue/196603/masterpieces.by.the.million.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> and in 1974 the 400 mile Ta'if-[[Abha]]-[[Jizan]] highway was started.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.saudiaramcoworld.com/issue/197403/made.in-saudi.arabia.htm |title=Made In: Saudi Arabia |publisher=Saudi Aramco World |date= |accessdate=2012-01-17 |archive-date=2012-02-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120202120740/http://www.saudiaramcoworld.com/issue/197403/made.in-saudi.arabia.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref>
 
==Places to See==
*Al Rudaf Park: To the south of Taif is a large natural park with trees and granite rocks. The site also has a small zoo.
 
*Wadi Mitna: [[Muhammad|Muhammed's]] sanctuary in 619 AD. Muhammed came here to gain support of the Hawazeen and the Tawfiq but was stoned by the tribes. He was later given sanctuary in a vineyard by two makkans.
*Ta'if rose plantation. In the month of April the rose fields are filled with pink roses that are picked at dawn and later distilled into costly ta'if rose oil. Ta'if perfume has been used in several luxury perfumes including Ormonde Jayne Perfumery,<ref>{{cite web|title=Ta'if Perfume Collection|url=http://www.ormondejayne.com/shop/scents/taif/|publisher=Ormonde Jayne|accessdate=28 June 2013}}{{Dead link|date=October 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Chanel and Guerlain.
 
*Ta'ifShubra rose plantation. InPalace, the monthregional museum of AprilTa'if, thein rosea fieldsbuilding areof filledaround with1900, pinkwhich rosesserved thatKing areAbdul pickedAziz atas dawna andlodging laterin distilledthe into costly1930s.<ref>{{cite ta'if rose oilweb|url=http://www.the-saudi.net/saudi-arabia/taif/Taif%20-%20Saudi%20Arabia.htm Ta'if|title=Taif perfumeCity hasProfile, beenSaudi usedArabia in several|publisher=The-saudi.net luxury perfumes including Ormonde Jayne|date=1953-11-09 Perfumery,|accessdate=2012-01-17}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Ta'ifImage Perfumeof Collectionthe Palace|url=http://www.ormondejayneal-taif.comnet/shopgallery/scentsfiles/taif3/t6_66403.jpg|publisher=Ormonde JayneAl-Taif.net|accessdate=28 June 2013}}</ref> Chanel and Guerlain.
*Rock Carving Site: Located {{convert|40|km|abbr=on}} north of Taif, this was the site of the [[Okaz Souk]],<ref>{{cite web|title=Image of Okaz Souk|url=http://www.ysljdj.com/photo/images/Taif%20%AA%BA%20Okaz%20%AA%BA%A5%AB%B3%F5%BF%F2%B8%F1.JPG|accessdate=28 June 2013|archive-date=1 August 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130801024252/http://www.ysljdj.com/photo/images/Taif%20%AA%BA%20Okaz%20%AA%BA%A5%AB%B3%F5%BF%F2%B8%F1.JPG|url-status=dead}}</ref> the largest and most well known of the pre-Islamic [[souk|souqs]] or gathering places. The souq was a place for yearly social, political and commercial gatherings. It was also the location of competitive recitation of poetry and prose. The buildings remain, including outlines of walls of [[basalt]]ic stone.▼
 
*Shubra Palace, the regional museum of Ta'if, in a building of around 1900, which served King Abdul Aziz as a lodging in the 1930s.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.the-saudi.net/saudi-arabia/taif/Taif%20-%20Saudi%20Arabia.htm |title=Taif City Profile, Saudi Arabia |publisher=The-saudi.net |date=1953-11-09 |accessdate=2012-01-17}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Image of the Palace|url=http://www.al-taif.net/gallery/files/3/t6_66403.jpg|publisher=Al-Taif.net|accessdate=28 June 2013}}</ref>
 
▲*Rock Carving Site: Located {{convert|40|km|abbr=on}} north of Taif, this was the site of the [[Okaz Souk]],<ref>{{cite web|title=Image of Okaz Souk|url=http://www.ysljdj.com/photo/images/Taif%20%AA%BA%20Okaz%20%AA%BA%A5%AB%B3%F5%BF%F2%B8%F1.JPG|accessdate=28 June 2013}}</ref> the largest and most well known of the pre-Islamic [[souk|souqs]] or gathering places. The souq was a place for yearly social, political and commercial gatherings. It was also the location of competitive recitation of poetry and prose. The buildings remain, including outlines of walls of [[basalt]]ic stone.
 
*Turkish Fort: The remains of the fort are located near the Rock Carvings. [[T. E. Lawrence|Lawrence of Arabia]] fought here in 1917. Many battles have been fought there and many graves can be found
*Nature Reserve: Between Al Hada hospital and the Sheraton Hotel at the top of Al Hada mountain is a large nature reserve at an height of 2100 meters above sea level. ''Al Hada'' means tranquillity.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://up.arab-x.com/July09/zao28050.jpg|title=Image of the mountains|accessdate=28 June 2013|archive-date=7 July 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110707154545/http://up.arab-x.com/July09/zao28050.jpg|url-status=dead}}</ref>▼
 
*Al Shafa: A small village situated high uponon the Sarawat mountains at an height of 2200 to 2500 meters above sea level, rich in agricultural products. The fruit gardens of Taif are located here.▼
▲*Nature Reserve: Between Al Hada hospital and the Sheraton Hotel at the top of Al Hada mountain is a large nature reserve at an height of 2100 meters above sea level. ''Al Hada'' means tranquillity.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://up.arab-x.com/July09/zao28050.jpg|title=Image of the mountains|accessdate=28 June 2013}}
 
▲*Al Shafa: A small village situated high upon the Sarawat mountains at an height of 2200 to 2500 meters above sea level, rich in agricultural products. The fruit gardens of Taif are located here.
 
==Climate==
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|Nov precipitation mm = 21.5
|Dec precipitation mm = 7.3
|year precipitation mm =
 
|Jan humidity = 60
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Bani Hareth is one of the Adnani [[Arabs]] tribes living around Taif in Saudi Arabia. The tribe is one of the biggest tribes in the area and occupies the full area between Taif and Al Qunfuthah in Saudi.
Bani Adwan is one of the Adnani Arabs tribes living originally in the northern part of Taif, and in the southern part of [[Jordan]]. [[:ar:ذو الإصبع العدواني|Thu Al issba'a Al Adwani]] (in Arabic) is a figure of the tribe In the pre-Islamic era, in which he's known as a poet and a man of wisdom.Furthermore, Banu Thabet are people descended from Thabit. The tribe is originally part of Otaibah clan.
 
===Chieftains===
During the pre-Islamic era, the city was populated by the tribe of Thaqif. The city had then the following chieftains:
*Urwah ibn Mas'ud
*Abd-Ya-Layl ibn Amr
*Uthman ibn Abu-al-Aas
{{Expand section|date=August 2008}}
 
===People born here===
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*Mutlaq Hamid Al-Otaibi
*Sharif Ali|Sultan Sharif Ali, the 3rd Sultan of [[Brunei Darussalam]]
{{Expand list|date=August 2008}}
 
===People who lived here===
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*Midhat Pasha (1822–1884), architect of the first Ottoman constitution who was strangulated in Taif.
*Muhammad Muhsin Khan
*Hadi Soua'an Al-Somaily (b.1970) First Saudi Olympic medal winner.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.saudiaramcoworld.com/issue/200101/great.leaps-saudi.arabia.s.first.olympic.medals.htm |title=Great Leaps: Saudi Arabia's First Olympic Medals |publisher=Saudi Aramco World |date= |accessdate=2012-01-17 |archive-date=2012-02-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120202114323/http://www.saudiaramcoworld.com/issue/200101/great.leaps-saudi.arabia.s.first.olympic.medals.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref>
*Addas- a young Christian slave boy who was the first person from the western province of Taif to convert to the religion of Islam.
*`Abd Allah ibn `Abbas died here
*Talal Maddah
{{Expand list|date=August 2008}}
* Hugh N. Kennedy|Hugh Kennedy - ''The Prophet and the Age of the Caliphates''
* Martin Lings - ''Muhammad: his life based on the earliest sources''
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==References==
{{Reflist}}
 
 
[[Category:Cities in Saudi Arabia]]
[[Category:6th-century BC establishments]]
[[Category:Establishments in Saudi Arabia]]
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