Berklij

97	Berklij
Bk 247,07
5f⁹7s²

Bérklij (Bk, lot. Berkelium) — unsuri kimijoiji gurūhi III çadvali davriji Mendeleev; raqami tartibiaş 97, massai at. 247,0703. Mansubi aktinoidhost; unsuri radioaktiv.

Ta'rix

Berklijro fizikdonhoi amrikoī G. Siborg, S. Tompson va A. Giorso dar Labaratorijai radiatsioniji Donişgohi Kalifornija dar asari bo alfazarraho bombaboron kardani izotopi ameritsij 241Am hosil kardaand. Laboratorija dar şahraki donişçūjonu olimon dar Berkli (ijolati Kalifornija) çoj giriftaast. Az in xotir ba unsuri mazkur nomi «B.»-ro dodand. Haşt izotopi B. bo massahoi az 243 to 251 hosil karda şudaast, ki darozumrtarini onho izotopi 247Bk (davrai nimkohişaş 1380 sol) meboşad. Izotopi 249Bk-ro bo miqdori cand mikrogramm dar reaktorhoi uran hosil menamojand. Ba xotiri mehnattalab budani istehsol 1 g B. taqr. 10 mln dollar arziş dorad. Dar natiçai taçzijai hastaiji izotopiji 249Bk izotopi kalifornij — 249Cf ba dast meojad. Soli 1962 B. Kanningem va şogirdaş Ç. Uolmen avvalin pajvasti B.-BkO2-ro hosil va soxti molekulaviji onro mu-ajjan namudand. Baroi guzarondani taçriba olimon dar ixtijor faqat 0,02 mkg B. doştand. Minba'd jak silsila pajvasthoi digari B. hosil karda şudand. Miqdori beştarini B., ki dar natiçai ba tavassuti litij barqaror kardani ftoridi berklij BkF3 hosil şuda bud, 5 mkg-ro taşkil dod. Hamin tavr, imkonijati muajjan kardani haror. gudozişi B. (9860S) imkonpazir gaşt. Muqarrar karda şud, ki B. metavonad dar du şakli soxtoriji gunoguni kristallī vuçud doşta boşad. Baroi omūzişi xosijathoi kimijoī namunai B.-ro andaruni najcai şişagiji xele borik tahti ta'siri moddahoi gazşakl qaror doda, pajvasthoi gunoguni onro hosil namudand. Tahqiqi mahluli pajvasthoi B. nişon dod, ki daraçai oksidşaviji ustuvori on +3 ast va metavonad to daraçai +4 oksid şavad. Xosijathoi kimijoiji B., az çumla qobilijati hosil kardani pajvasthoi kompleksī, iştirok dar ravandhoi ivaz va çudo kardani ionho mavridi tahqiqi olimon qaror dorad.

Ezoh

↑ (2018) «Pentavalent Curium, Berkelium, and Californium in Nitrate Complexes: Extending Actinide Chemistry and Oxidation States». Inorg. Chem. (American Chemical Society) 57 (15): 9453–9467. doi:10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b01450. PMID 30040397.
↑ (1965) «The alpha half-life of berkelium-247; a new long-lived isomer of berkelium-248». Nuclear Physics 71 (2): 299. doi:10.1016/0029-5582(65)90719-4. Bibcode: 1965NucPh..71..299M.

Adabijot

Populjarnaja biblioteka ximiceskix elementov. M., 1983;
Şreter V. Ximija. M., 1989;
Idrisov T. Ximijai anosir (elementho). D., 2004.

Ezoh

Adabijot

Berklij / T. Idrisov // Asos — Boz. — D. : SIEMT, 2013. — (Ensiklopedijai Milliji Toçik : [taxm. 25 ç.] / sarmuharrir N. Amirşohī ; 2011—2023, ç. 2). — ISBN 978-99947-33-52-4.

[Kovács2018-1] (2018) «Pentavalent Curium, Berkelium, and Californium in Nitrate Complexes: Extending Actinide Chemistry and Oxidation States». Inorg. Chem. (American Chemical Society) 57 (15): 9453–9467. doi:10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b01450. PMID 30040397.

[2] (1965) «The alpha half-life of berkelium-247; a new long-lived isomer of berkelium-248». Nuclear Physics 71 (2): 299. doi:10.1016/0029-5582(65)90719-4. Bibcode: 1965NucPh..71..299M.