List of subcamps of Kauen
From 1943, the SS operated 17[1] subcamps of the Kauen concentration camp.[2] With the advance of the Red Army, while some of the earlier nine concentration camp subcamps continued in use,[1] eight of the Kauen subcamps were closed in July 1944.[3]
In approximate order of date of starting, these were:
| # | German name | Lithuanian name | From | To | Description |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Schaulen | Šiauliai | March 1943 | Airfield. Supported as an external command of the Schaulen concentration camp subcamp (ghetto)[1] | |
| 2 | Akmenė | Jewish forced labor camp, chalk factory.[1] | |||
| 3 | Vilna | Lukiškės Gestapo prison | [1] Used by the Gestapo and Lithuanian Saugumas as a holding cell for thousands of Jews from the Vilna Ghetto. | ||
| 4 | Vilna | Kailis fur factory | September 16, 1943 | July 3, 1944 | 1000 to 1500 Jewish workers, most were shot in Aukštieji Paneriai.[1] |
| 5 | Vilna | Army Vehicle Fleet 562 | September 17, 1943 | July 1944 | From November this was an official concentration camp subcamp of the Kauen concentration camp. It was liquidated in July 1944 when around 500 concentration camp prisoners, and more, were brought to Aukštieji Paneriai to be murdered and shot - only around 250 survived. The camp was on Subocz Street, where a monument to the concentration camp subcamp has stood since 1993.[1] |
| 6 | Vilna | Vilnius | September 1943 | July 1944 | Hospital. About 80 Jews worked here until the shootings in Aukštieji Paneriai and Ninth Fort in July 1944.[1] |
| 7 | Daugeliai | September 27, 1943 | Mid-July 1944 | Jewish forced labor camp, brick factory. Liquidated when prisoners were deported to the Stutthof concentration camp. Around 250 men from the Schaulen concentration camp subcamp worked here.[1] | |
| 8 | Kauen-Petraschunai | Kaunas-Petrašiūnai | [1][4] | ||
| 9 | Linkaich | Linkaičiai | End of September 1943 | Mid-July 1944 | Survivors deported to the Stutthof concentration. About 80 Jewish men and women.[1] |
| 10 | Kauen-Alexoten | Kaunas-Aleksotas | November 30, 1943 | July 12, 1944 | Male prisoners were deployed at Schichau-Werke, Elbing to work in the anti-aircraft repair workshop.[2] |
| 11 | Kauen-Schanzen | Kaunas-Šančiai | December 16, 1943 | July 12, 1944 | Deployment of female prisoners at the Army Catering Office Magazine, the Army Clothing Office, the Army Motor Vehicle Park, the Army Construction Site, at the Kauen Motor Post Office and other locations.[2] |
| 12 | Kazlu Ruda | Kazlų Rūda | 1944 | Summer 1944 | Women working on peat; also a men's camp.[2] |
| 13 | Kedahnen | Kėdainiai | July 1944 | Work at the airfield | |
| 14 | Koschedaren | Kaišiadorys | December 1943 | July 1944 | Work on peat and forest operations[2] |
| 15 | Kauen-Palemonas | Kaunas-Palemonas | November to December 1943 | July 7, 1944 | Men's camp. Evacuated by ship to Germany.[2] |
| 16 | Prawienisken | Pravieniškės | November 1943 | May 15, 1944 | Men's and one women's camp, forest work. Before that, there was a forced labor camp for Jews.[2] |
| 17 | Schaulen | Šiauliai | September 18, 1943 | July 1944 | The Schaulen ghetto was transformed into a concentration camp subcamp. It was evacuated to the Stutthof concentration camp on July 15, 1944, from there to the Dachau concentration camp, Kaufering subcamp complex on July 21, 1944. A transport of women and children from Kauen and the Schaulen subcamp went from Stutthof to Auschwitz on July 26, 1944.[2] |
References
[edit]- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Benz, Wolfgang; Distel, Barbara; Königseder, Angelika (2005). Der Ort des Terrors: Geschichte der nationalsozialistischen Konzentrationslager (Band 8: Riga-Kaiserwald, Warschau, Vaivara, Kauen (Kaunas), Płaszów, Kulmhof.) [The Place of Terror: History of the Nazi Concentration Camps (Volume 8: Riga-Kaiserwald, Warschau, Vaivara, Kauen (Kaunas), Płaszów, Kulmhof.)]. München: C. H. Beck. pp. 209–232. ISBN 978-3-406-57237-1.
- ^ a b c d e f g h Encyclopedia of camps and ghettos, 1933-1945. Vol. 1, Pt. B: Early camps, youth camps, and concentration camps and subcamps under the SS-Business Administration Main Office (WVHA): Pt. B / vol. ed.: Geoffrey P. Megargee. Bloomington: Indiana University Press. 2009. p. 849. ISBN 978-0-253-35328-3.
- ^ Encyclopedia of camps and ghettos, 1933-1945. Vol. 1, Pt. B: Early camps, youth camps, and concentration camps and subcamps under the SS-Business Administration Main Office (WVHA): Pt. B / vol. ed.: Geoffrey P. Megargee In: United States Holocaust Memorial Museum (ed.): Encyclopedia of Camps and Ghettos, 1933–1945. Bloomington: Indiana University Press. 2009. p. 849. ISBN 978-0-253-35328-3.
- ^ "Memorial Archives > Adatbázis Helyek - Kauen-Petraschunai külső tábor, Kauen koncentrációs tábor". memorial-archives.international (in Hungarian). Retrieved 15 October 2024.
