Mexican Democratic Party

Mexican Democratic Party Partido Demócrata Mexicano
Founded	1975
Dissolved	1997
Succeeded by	Social Alliance Party
Headquarters	Mexico City, Mexico
Ideology	Mexican synarchism National conservatism Social conservatism National syndicalism Political Catholicism Neo-fascism
Political position	Far-right
Religion	Catholicism
National affiliation	National Synarchist Union
Politics of Mexico Political parties Elections

The Mexican Democratic Party (Spanish: Partido Demócrata Mexicano, PDM, also known as El Partido Gallito Colorado, "The Little Red Rooster Party") was a Catholic social conservative political party in Mexico that existed between 1979 and 1997. At its height in 1982, the party had over 500,000 active voters and 12 seats in the Mexican Chamber of Deputies (Cámara de Diputados).

History

Origins

Opus Dei and its increasing influence in Mexico during the 1970s contributed to the establishment of the PDM.

The PDM had its origin in the Manuel Torres Bueno wing of the right-wing Catholic and the clerical fascist National Synarchist Union (UNS), who fought openly against anti-Catholic articles of the Constitution of 1917, particularly in the states of Jalisco, Aguascalientes, Querétaro, Guanajuato and Michoacán, the states in which the Cristero War was fought from 1926 to 1929.

Whilst the UNS faded after the 1940s it continued as a local group and was boosted, along with a number of other opposition groups, by a series of electoral reforms during the 1970s that introduced an element of proportional representation into the electoral system. As a result of these, the UNS, the activities of which were largely confined to Guanajuato, was reconstituted as a new political party called the Mexican Democratic Party.

The party was formed against a backdrop of renewed importance for the Catholic Church in Mexican society, with a growth in the influence of groups such as Opus Dei whilst the opposition National Action Party (PAN) self-identified as Catholic. The two parties differed however in that the PDM drew support from the rural lower-classes, whilst the PAN was firmly the province of the urban middle classes, and the PAN had a more moderate platform than the PDM.

Electoral performance

In the 1979 legislative elections, the PDM gained 10 seats in the Chamber of Deputies. It increased its representation to 12 seats in the 1982 election. It was in the old UNS heartlands that the PDM obtained its greatest electoral presence, prevailing in several important municipalities like Lagos de Moreno in Jalisco or the city of Guanajuato.

Although the PDM managed to gain seats in the Chamber of Deputies, it was a very small opposition party compared to the PAN, having gained only 2.3% of the nationwide vote during the 1982 general election. Even so, if its seat increase from the 1979 congressional election to the 1982 election is considered, the PDM had the second-highest (after the PAN) percentage increase of total votes out of all the political parties in Mexico.

Decline and dissolution

Ernesto Zedillo was the presidential candidate that won the 1994 election, the last time the PDM would participate in an election before it lost its registry.

In the presidential elections of 1988 the party started to lose support. In the presidential elections of 1994, the party supported the candidature of Pablo Emilio Madero and was renamed National Opposition Union (UNO) after having joined with several small conservative organizations. It lost its registry. It again recovered it in 1996, but in the 1997 elections, it lost its registry again.

Many of their militants and members conformed in 1999 the new Social Alliance Party, which did not obtain notable political presence in the country either.

In 2013, Former party members began laying the basis for the party's re-registration to compete in the 2015 legislative elections. This has not yet been confirmed.

Ideology

The PDM describes itself as ultranationalist, ultra-religious, anti-communist, and anti-liberal with Its origins from the National Synarchist Union (UNS).

rather than a complete socialist establishment in Mexico, they claimed they were searching for a political alternative to the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI) that would represent their "petty-bourgeois" interests for peasants and the lower classes and pursue "reformism that corrects the evils of Mexican capitalism”.

Notable members

Party presidents

• Ignacio González Golláz
• Víctor Atilano Gómez
• Mariano Gaxiola

Presidential candidates

• 1982: Ignacio González Golláz
• 1988: Gumersindo Magaña
• 1994: Pablo Emilio Madero

Electoral history

Presidential elections

Election year	Candidate	Votes	%	Outcome	Notes
1982	Ignacio González Gollaz	433,886	1.9 #4	Lost
1988	Gumersindo Magaña Negrete	199,484	1.04 #4	Lost
1994	Pablo Emilio Madero	97,935	0.28 #9	Lost

Congressional elections

Chamber of Deputies

Election year	Constituency		PR		# of seats	Position	Presidency		Note
	votes	%	votes	%
1979	293,540	2.3 #5			10 / 237		José López Portillo
1982	534,122	2.1 #5			12 / 400		Miguel de la Madrid
1985	507,710	2.9 #4			12 / 400		Miguel de la Madrid
1988	244,458	1.3 #7			0 / 500		Carlos Salinas de Gortari
1991	276,661	1.2 #7			0 / 500		Carlos Salinas de Gortari
1994	151,100	0.4 #9			0 / 500		Ernesto Zedillo
1997	193,509	0.7 #7			0 / 500		Ernesto Zedillo

See also

• Mexican synarchism
• List of political parties in Mexico