Nanzhuangtou
南莊頭 | |
  location in China | |
| Location | Hebei |
|---|---|
| Region | North China Plain |
| Coordinates | 39°07′00″N 115°39′00″E / 39.1167°N 115.65°E |
| History | |
| Founded | 12,600 BP |
| Abandoned | 11,300 BP |
| Periods | Neolithic China |
Nanzhuangtou (Chinese: 南莊頭, Nánzhuāngtóu), dated to 12,600–11,300 cal BP[1] or 11,500–11,000 cal BP,[2] roughly 9,500–9,000 BC, or 10,700–9,500 BP,[3] roughly 8,700–7,500 BC, is an Initial Neolithic site[3] near Lake Baiyangdian in Xushui County, Hebei, China. The site was discovered under a peat bog.[4] Over 47 pieces of pottery were discovered at the site. Nanzhuangtou is also the earliest Neolithic site yet discovered in northern China. There is evidence that the people at Nanzhuangtou had domestic dogs 10,000 years ago.[5] Stone grinding slabs and rollers and bone artifacts were also discovered at the site. It is one of the earliest sites showing evidence of millet cultivation dating to 10,500 BP.[2] Pottery can also be dated to 10,200 BP.[1]
The site was discovered in 1986, when a cultural layer of unearthed animal bones, charcoal, and stone tools was discovered. The layer was 180 centimeters below the ground, which is covered with lake deposits such as thick black and gray silt clay. Three archeological excavations have been carried out so far by institutions such as the Department of Archaeology in Peking University, the Department of History in Hebei University, the Hebei Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics, and other cultural institutions in the city and county level.
The Early Neolithic period (7,000 BC–5,000 BC) succeeds Nanzhuangtou, and is characterized by the rise of farming villages across the alluvial plains of China, as seen in the site of Peiligang.[3]
References
[edit]- ^ a b Kuzmin, Yaroslav V. "Chronology of the earliest pottery in East Asia: progress and pitfalls" Archived 2013-12-24 at the Wayback Machine ANTIQUITY-OXFORD- 80, no. 308 (2006): 362.
- ^ a b Xiaoyan Yang, Zhiwei Wan, Linda Perry, Houyuan Lu, Qiang Wang, Chaohong Zhao, Jun Li, Fei Xie, Jincheng Yu, Tianxing Cui, Tao Wang, Mingqi Li, and Quansheng Ge "Early millet use in northern China" Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2012 vol 109 (10) pp. 3726–3730.
- ^ a b c Liu, Li (2005). The Chinese Neolithic: Trajectories to Early States. Cambridge University Press. p. 24. ISBN 9781139441704.
- ^ The Formation of Chinese Civilization: An Archaeological Perspective, p. 28.
- ^ Archaeology of Asia, pp. 124
- Beijing Union University Nanzhuangtou PDF 新石器时代考古：新石器时代早. 1993.http://www.doc88.com/p-3387746549380.html
Citations
[edit]Bibliography
[edit]- Allan, Sarah (ed), The Formation of Chinese Civilization: An Archaeological Perspective, ISBN 0-300-09382-9
- Liu, Li. The Chinese Neolithic: Trajectories to Early States, ISBN 0-521-81184-8
- Sagart, Laurent, Roger Blench and Alicia Sanchez-Mazas (eds), The Peopling of East Asia ISBN 0-415-32242-1
- Stark, Miriam T. (ed), Archaeology of Asia, ISBN 1-4051-0213-6
- Yang, Xiaoyan et al., Early millet use in northern China, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, vol. 109 no. 10, 3726–3730, doi: 10.1073/pnas.1115430109
Prehistoric cultures of China | |
|---|---|
| Northeastern China | |
| Upper Yellow River | |
| Middle Yellow River | |
| Lower Yellow River | |
| Middle and Upper Yangtze | |
| Lower Yangtze and Huai | |
| Southern China | |
| Tibet | |
| Xinjiang | |
| Taiwan | |
| Other | |
39°07′N 115°39′E / 39.117°N 115.650°E
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