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Chotscho : vol.1

http://dsr.nii.ac.jp/toyobunko/LFc-42/V-1/

Bezeklik grottoes, Toyuk grottoes

http://dsr.nii.ac.jp/toyobunko/LFc-42/V-1/page/0081.html.en

http://dsr.nii.ac.jp/toyobunko/LFc-42/V-1/page/0101.html.en

Proposed name change

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Most of the sources I have used the name Qocho or its variants such as Kocho or Khocho. I think a change to Qocho Kingdom might be more appropriate, and will do so if there are no objections. Hzh (talk) 18:08, 14 May 2013 (UTC)[reply]

Uighur Qieyun pronunciations

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Pages 8-10

http://www.zinbun.kyoto-u.ac.jp/~takata/BerlinQieyun.pdf

http://books.google.com/books?id=8FVsWq31MtMC&pg=PA49#v=onepage&q&f=false

http://books.google.com/books?id=dk12I01qTPUC&pg=PA180&dq=Turfan+chinese+speaking&hl=en&sa=X&ei=ihYwVKzzJpD8sATb_IDgDg&ved=0CCgQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Turfan%20chinese%20speaking&f=false

Reason for Old Uyghur alphabet being vertical

Reason for writing vertically

Page 49

http://books.google.com/books?id=KHwPAAAAYAAJ&q=Bearing+in+mind+that+the+Syriac+script+was+horizontal+which+is+meant+that+the+language+was+written+from+left+to+right+there+arises+an+important+question.+Why+did+Turkic+Uigurs+when+adapting+the+Semitic+Syriac+script,+change+its+direction,+writing+their+own+language+vertically,+from+top+to+bottom?+According+to+earlier+and+recent+specialists,+this+was+done+by+rotating+the+script+by+ninety+degrees+counterclockwise+in+order+to+imitate+the+Chinese+script+which+was+very+prestigious+in+Central+Asia+at+that+time+(Zakharov,+1879:47-8;+Crossley,+1997:35-6).&dq=Bearing+in+mind+that+the+Syriac+script+was+horizontal+which+is+meant+that+the+language+was+written+from+left+to+right+there+arises+an+important+question.+Why+did+Turkic+Uigurs+when+adapting+the+Semitic+Syriac+script,+change+its+direction,+writing+their+own+language+vertically,+from+top+to+bottom?+According+to+earlier+and+recent+specialists,+this+was+done+by+rotating+the+script+by+ninety+degrees+counterclockwise+in+order+to+imitate+the+Chinese+script+which+was+very+prestigious+in+Central+Asia+at+that+time+(Zakharov,+1879:47-8;+Crossley,+1997:35-6).&hl=en&sa=X&ei=L2QwVLCSO8KyyATUuICABw&ved=0CB4Q6AEwAA

Rajmaan (talk) 20:34, 6 May 2014 (UTC)[reply]

http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/china/images/map-1215.jpg

Minor problem with the map used

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The map lists Maoris as being present in New Zealand in 900CE. This is not correct. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 82.47.120.16 (talk) 00:57, 19 March 2016 (UTC)[reply]

Self-contradictory

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I added a tag {{Self-contradictory}}. Here is a merge of sections Qocho#Timeline (single startdate) and Qocho#List of kings (idiquts) (startdate–enddate); some dates differ, some names differ in spelling, others totally.

  • 843 Pangtele leadership
  • 850–866: Pan Tekin
  • 866 Pugu Jun khan
  • 866–871: Boko Tekin
  • 940–948: Irdimin Khan
  • 948–985: Arslan (Zhihai) Khan
  • 954 Ilig Bilgä Tengri rose to power.
  • 981 Arslan Bilgä Tengri ilig rose to power.
  • 984 Süngülüg Khagan new name of
  • 996 Bügü Bilgä Tengri ilig succeeded Süngülüg Khagan.
  • 1007 Alp Arsla Qutlugh Kül Bilgä Tengri Khan succeeded Bügü Bilgä Tengri ilig.
  • 1024 Kül Bilgä Tengri Khan succeeded Alp Arsla Qutlugh Kül Bilgä Tengri Khan.
  • 1068 Tengri Bügü il Bilgä Arslan Tengri Uighur Tärkän succeeded Kül Bilgä Tengri Khan.
  • 1123 Bilgä rose to power.
  • 1126–????: Bilge (Biliege) Tekin
  • ????–????: Isen Tomur
  • Yur Temur succeeded Bilgä at some point
  • 1208–1235: Baurchuq (Barchukh) Art Tekin
  • 1229 Barčuq Art iduq-qut
  • 1235–1245: Qusmayin
  • 1242 Kesmez iduq-qut
  • 1246 Salïndï Tigin iduq-qut
  • 1246–1255: Salun Tekin
  • 1253 Ögrünch Tigin iduq-qut
  • 1255–1265: Oghrunzh Tekin
  • 1257 Mamuraq Tigin iduq-qut
  • 1265–1266: Mamuraq Tekin
  • 1266 Qosqar Tigin iduq-qut
  • 1266–1276: Qozhighar Tekin
  • 1276–1318: Nolen Tekin
  • 1280 Negüril Tigin iduq-qut
  • 1318 Negüril Tigin iduq-qut died. The Kingdom of Qocho became part of the Chagatai Khanate.
  • 1318–1327: Tomur Buqa
  • 1322 Tämir Buqa iduq-qut rose to power.
  • 1327–1331: Sunggi Tekin
  • 1330 Senggi iduq-qut
  • 1331–1335: Taypan (Taipingnu)
  • 1332 Taipindu iduq-qut
  • 1335–1353: Yuelutiemur
  • 1352 Ching Timür iduq-qut last known ruler governor of the kingdom.
  • 1353–????: Sangge

jnestorius(talk) 22:48, 24 September 2020 (UTC)[reply]

The discrepancy seems to arise from two different sources. The timeline is based on this website: http://www.chinaknowledge.de/History/Altera/uighurs.html, whereas the list of kings section is from the Uyghurlar. I don't have a copy of that so I can't check if it's correct.Qiushufang (talk) 20:19, 29 September 2020 (UTC)[reply]
This is from the Chinese wiki:

僕固俊，(Pugu Jun) ?864-874? 

   頡利·毗伽·天王 (il Bilga: Tngri ilig)，約954
   阿兒思蘭·毗伽·天王·孫古律可汗 (Arslan Bilga: Tngri ilig, Su:ngu:lu:g Qaghan)，約981, 984
   聖·毗伽·王天 (Bu:gu: Bilga: Tngri ilig)，約996-1007
   合·阿兒思蘭·骨咄祿·闕·毗伽·天汗 (Alp Arsla Qutlugh Ku:l Bilga: Tngri Qan)，約1007-1019/24
   闕·毗伽·王汗 (Ku:l Bilga: Tngrika:n)，1019/24後
   天聖國·毗伽·阿兒思蘭·天·回鶻·答兒罕 (Tngri Bu:gu: il Bilga: Arslan Tngri Uighur Ta:rka:n)，1068後
   畢勒哥 (Bilga:)，約1123
   月兒帖木兒，1229前
   巴而朮·阿而忒·亦都護 (Barchuq-Art iduq-qut)，1229-1241
   怯失迷思 (Kesmez)，1242-1246
   撒憐丁·的斤 (Sali:ndi: Tigin)，?-1253
   玉古倫赤·的斤 (O:gru:nch Tigin)，1253-1257
   馬木剌·的斤 (Mamuraq Tigin)，1257-1265
   火赤哈兒·的斤 (Qosqar Tigin)，1266-1280
   紐林·的斤 (Negu:ril Tigin)，1280-1318

French wiki:

843 Pangtele fonde le Royaume de Qocho.

(Lacune dans la chronologie)

Ilig Bilgä Tengri 954 - 981

Arslan Bilgä Tengri ilig 981 - 996

Bügü Bilgä Tengri ilig 996 - 1007

Alp Arsla Qutlugh Kül Bilgä Tengri Khan 1007 - 1024

Kül Bilgä Tengri Khan 1024 - 1068

Tengri Bügü il Bilgä Arslan Tengri Uighur Tärkän 1068 - ????

(Lacune dans la chronologie)

Bilgä 1123 - ????

Yur Temur ???? - ????

Barčuq Art iduq-qut ???? - 1242.

Kesmez iduq-qut 1242 - 1246

Salïndï Tigin iduq-qut 1246 - 1253.

Ögrünch Tigin iduq-qut 1253 - 1257

Mamuraq Tigin iduq-qut 1257 - 1266

Qosqar Tigin iduq-qut 1266 - 1280

Negüril Tigin iduq-qut 1280 - 1318

1318 : mort de Negüril Tigin iduq-qut, annexion par le Khanat de Djaghataï

Russian: 

   Пан Текин 850-866[51]
   Баку Чин 866-871
   Ирдимин-хан 940–948
   Арслан-хан 948-985
   Бильге Текин 1126-?
   Баурчук Арт Текин (1208—1235)
   Кусмайин 1235–1245
   Салун Текин 1246–1255
   Огрунж Текин 1255–1265
   Мамурак Текин 1265–1266
   Кожигар Текин 1266–1276
   Нолен Текин 1276–1318
   Томур Бука 1318–1327
   Сунгги Текин 1327–1331
   Тайпан (Тайпинну) 1331–1335
   Юэлу Томур 1335–1353
   Санге 1353 - ?
I have found a source for the list of idiquts given outside the timeline: https://books.google.ca/books?id=XnIIbzweN7IC&pg=PA166&lpg=PA166&dq=Boko+Tekin&source=bl&ots=1IAplQh9Xv&sig=ACfU3U3yfYHt6HGjs1RaXrCyWFXcD3EN0A&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjcu9uxqJDsAhUNu54KHYv7DGQQ6AEwAHoECAcQAQ#v=onepage&q=Boko%20Tekin&f=false

To add to article

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To add to this article: explanation of the term "Kara-Khoja" or "Kara-Khoja Kingdom." Kara-Khoja Kingdom redirects to this article, but nowhere in this article is this term explained. 173.88.246.138 (talk) 05:08, 9 January 2021 (UTC)[reply]

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