File:Chthonianplanet.jpg
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Summary
[edit]DescriptionChthonianplanet.jpg |
English: Chthonian planets are a hypothetical class of celestial objects resulting from the stripping away of a gas giant's hydrogen and helium atmosphere and outer layers, which is called hydrodynamic escape. Such atmospheric stripping is a likely result of proximity to a star. The remaining rocky or metallic core would resemble a terrestrial planet in many respects.
Transit-timing variation measurements indicate, for example, that Kepler-52b, Kepler-52c and Kepler-57b have maximum masses between 30 and 100 times the mass of Earth (although the actual masses could be much lower); with radii about two Earth radii, they might have densities larger than that of an iron planet of the same size. These exoplanets are orbiting very close to their stars and could be the remnant cores of evaporated gas giants or brown dwarfs. If cores are massive enough they could remain compressed for billions of years despite losing the atmospheric mass. As there is a lack of gaseous "hot-super-Earths" between 2.2 and 3.8 Earth-radii exposed to over 650 Earth incident flux, it is assumed that exoplanets below such radii exposed to such stellar fluxes could have had their envelopes stripped by photoevaporation. HD 209458 b is an example of a gas giant that is in the process of having its atmosphere stripped away, though it will not become a chthonian planet for many billions of years, if ever. A similar case would be Gliese 436b, which has already lost 10% of its atmosphere. CoRoT-7b is the first exoplanet found that might be chthonian. Other researchers dispute this, and conclude CoRoT-7b was always a rocky planet and not the eroded core of a gas or ice giant, due to the young age of the star system. In 2020, a high-density planet more massive than Neptune was found very close to its host star, within the Neptunian Desert. This world, TOI 849 b, may very well be a chthonian planet. |
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Source | Own work |
Author | Pablo Carlos Budassi |
Planet concept illustrated especially for Wikimedia Commons by Pablo Carlos Budassi. Source: https://www.pablocarlosbudassi.com/2021/02/planet-types.html Background image by ESO/Serge Brunier: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:ESO_-_Milky_Way.jpg Suggestions for improving this image are welcome: pablocarlosbudassi@gmail.com
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current | 14:16, 15 August 2023 | 1,080 × 1,080 (432 KB) | Celestialobjects (talk | contribs) | Uploaded own work with UploadWizard |
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Image title |
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Author | Pablo Carlos Budassi |
Copyright holder |
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Headline | Artist's impression of a chthonian planet |
Credit/Provider | Created by artist Pablo Carlos Budassi in 2023 (@pablocarlosbudassi) |
Source | https://pablocarlosbudassi.com |
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Date and time of data generation | 26 March 2021 |
Width | 1,080 px |
Height | 1,080 px |
Bits per component |
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Pixel composition | RGB |
Orientation | Normal |
Number of components | 3 |
Horizontal resolution | 72 dpi |
Vertical resolution | 72 dpi |
Software used | Adobe Photoshop CS6 (Macintosh) |
File change date and time | 15:57, 9 August 2023 |
Exif version | 2.21 |
Color space | sRGB |
Date metadata was last modified | 12:57, 9 August 2023 |
Date and time of digitizing | 09:09, 30 May 2008 |
Unique ID of original document | xmp.did:0080117407206811B65FEE6CD4839DCA |
Type of item | 13000000 science and technology |
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Contact information | pablocarlosbudassi@gmail.com
www.pablocarlosbudassi.com https://www.pablocarlosbudassi.com/2021/02/planet-types.html Provincia del Chaco 2925 P.A. Mendoza, Mendoza, M5502 Argentina |