gust

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See also: Gust and gušt

English

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Apparently from an unrecorded Middle English *gust, from Old Norse gustr (“a gust, blast”), from Proto-Germanic *gustiz, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰew-. Cognate with Icelandic gustur (“gust of wind”). Related also to Old Norse gusa (“to gush forth”), Old High German gussa (“flood”), Middle English guschen (> English gush). The English word was not recorded before Shakespeare.

Noun

gust (plural gusts)

  1. A strong, abrupt rush of wind.
    Synonym: windflaw
    • 2017 August 26, Anne Marie Roantree, Venus Wu, “Battered Hong Kong and Macau brace for Pakhar, more flooding”, in Andrew Hay, editor, Reuters‎[1], archived from the original on 2023-08-05, COMMODITIES NEWS‎[2]:
      The maximum sustained winds recorded at Waglan Island, Tate’s Cairn and Cheung Chau Beach were 113, 101 and 97 kmh (70, 62, 60 mph) respectively, with maximum gusts 135, 154 and 130 kmh (84, 96, 81 mph)
  2. (by extension) Any rush or outburst (of water, emotion, etc.).
    • 1609 (revised 1625), Francis Bacon, De Sapientia Veterum ('Wisdom of the Ancients')
      they are merely driven about by every sudden gust and impulse of the mind
    • 1869 May, Anthony Trollope, “Hard Words”, in He Knew He Was Right, volume I, London: Strahan and Company, […], →OCLC, page 73:
      The author is not speaking now of actual love-makings, of intrigues and devilish villany, either perpetrated or imagined; but rather of those passing gusts of short-lived and unfounded suspicion to which, as to other accidents, very well-regulated families may occasionally be liable.
Derived terms
Translations

Verb

gust (third-person singular simple present gusts, present participle gusting, simple past and past participle gusted)

  1. (intransitive, transitive) To blow in gusts.
    • 2019 April 25, Samanth Subramanian, “Hand dryers v paper towels: the surprisingly dirty fight for the right to dry your hands”, in The Guardian‎[3]:
      Do the dryers disperse bacteria and viruses through the restroom, like autumn breezes gusting leaves across a lawn?
Translations

Etymology 2

From Middle English gust, guste, from Latin gustus (“taste”) and Old French gust, goust.

Noun

gust (uncountable)

  1. (archaic) The physiological faculty of taste.
  2. Relish, enjoyment, appreciation.
    • 1651, Jer[emy] Taylor, “[XXVIII Sermons Preached at Golden Grove; Being for the Summer Half-year, […].] ”, in ΕΝΙΑΥΤΟΣ [Eniautos]. A Course of Sermons for All the Sundays of the Year. […], 2nd edition, London: […] Richard Royston […], published 1654, →OCLC:
      , "The Spirit of Grace"
      An ox will relish the tender flesh of kids with as much gust and appetite.
    • 1733, [Alexander Pope], An Essay on Man. […], (please specify |epistle=I to IV), London: Printed for J[ohn] Wilford, […], →OCLC:
      Destroy all creatures for thy sport or gust.
    • 1942: ‘Yes, indeed,’ said Sava with solemn gust. — Rebecca West, Black Lamb and Grey Falcon (Canongate 2006, p. 1050)
  3. Intellectual taste; fancy.
    • 1695, C[harles] A[lphonse] du Fresnoy, translated by John Dryden, De Arte Graphica. The Art of Painting, […], London: […] J[ohn] Heptinstall for W. Rogers, […], →OCLC:
      A choice of it may be made according to the gust and manner of the ancients.

Etymology 3

From Middle English gusten (“to taste, have a taste for”), from the noun (see above).

Verb

gust (third-person singular simple present gusts, present participle gusting, simple past and past participle gusted)

  1. (obsolete, transitive) To taste.
  2. (obsolete, transitive) To have a relish for.

Anagrams

Catalan

Etymology

From Latin gustus, from Proto-Italic *gustus, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵéwstus. First attested in the 14th century,[1] it was possibly a semi-learned word or early borrowing;[2] compare the sound changes in the inherited Occitan gost, Portuguese gosto, and French goût.

Pronunciation

Noun

gust m (plural gusts or gustos)

  1. taste (sense)
  2. flavour
    Synonym: sabor
  3. relish, pleasure
    Synonym: plaer
  4. taste (aesthetic preference), style
    molt al gust borbònic ― very much in the Bourbon style

Derived terms

References

  1. ^ “gust”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2024
  2. ^ Joan Coromines, José A[ntonio] Pascual (1983–1991) “gust”, in Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico [Critic Castilian and Hispanic Etymological Dictionary] (in Spanish), Madrid: Gredos

Further reading

Friulian

Etymology

From Latin gustus, from Proto-Italic *gustus, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵéwstus. Possibly a borrowing or semi-learned term.

Noun

gust m (plural gusts)

  1. relish, zest, enjoyment
  2. taste

Synonyms

Derived terms

Icelandic

Noun

gust

  1. indefinite accusative singular of gustur

Polish

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin gustus, ultimately derived from Proto-Indo-European *ǵéwstus.

Pronunciation

Template:pl-p

Noun

gust m inan (diminutive guścik)

  1. taste, personal preference
    Antonyms: bezguście, kicz

Declension

Declension of gust
singular plural
nominative gust gusty
genitive gustu gustów
dative gustowi gustom
accusative gust gusty
instrumental gustem gustami
locative guście gustach
vocative guście gusty

Derived terms

adjective
noun
verb

Further reading

  • gust in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • gust in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Romanian

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Inherited from Latin gustus, from Proto-Italic *gustus, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵéwstus.

Noun

gust n (plural gusturi)

  1. taste
Declension
Declension of gust
singular plural
indefinite articulation definite articulation indefinite articulation definite articulation
nominative/accusative (un) gust gustul (niște) gusturi gusturile
genitive/dative (unui) gust gustului (unor) gusturi gusturilor
vocative gustule gusturilor
Derived terms

See also

Etymology 2

Inherited from Latin (mensis) augustus (through Vulgar Latin agustus). Compare also Albanian gusht (“August”).

Alternative forms

Noun

gust m (uncountable)

  1. (popular/folk usage, rare) August
    Synonyms: (standard/most common) august; (popular/folk name) gustar; (popular/folk name) măsălar
Derived terms

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *gǫstъ.

Pronunciation

Adjective

gȗst (Cyrillic spelling гу̑ст, definite gȗstī, comparative gȕšćī)

  1. dense

Declension

positive indefinite forms
singular masculine feminine neuter
nominative gust gusta gusto
genitive gusta guste gusta
dative gustu gustoj gustu
accusative inanimate
animate 		gust
gusta 		gustu gusto
vocative gust gusta gusto
locative gustu gustoj gustu
instrumental gustim gustom gustim
plural masculine feminine neuter
nominative gusti guste gusta
genitive gustih gustih gustih
dative gustim(a) gustim(a) gustim(a)
accusative guste guste gusta
vocative gusti guste gusta
locative gustim(a) gustim(a) gustim(a)
instrumental gustim(a) gustim(a) gustim(a)
positive definite forms
singular masculine feminine neuter
nominative gusti gusta gusto
genitive gustog(a) guste gustog(a)
dative gustom(u/e) gustoj gustom(u/e)
accusative inanimate
animate 		gusti
gustog(a) 		gustu gusto
vocative gusti gusta gusto
locative gustom(e/u) gustoj gustom(e/u)
instrumental gustim gustom gustim
plural masculine feminine neuter
nominative gusti guste gusta
genitive gustih gustih gustih
dative gustim(a) gustim(a) gustim(a)
accusative guste guste gusta
vocative gusti guste gusta
locative gustim(a) gustim(a) gustim(a)
instrumental gustim(a) gustim(a) gustim(a)
comparative forms
singular masculine feminine neuter
nominative gušći gušća gušće
genitive gušćeg(a) gušće gušćeg(a)
dative gušćem(u) gušćoj gušćem(u)
accusative inanimate
animate 		gušći
gušćeg(a) 		gušću gušće
vocative gušći gušća gušće
locative gušćem(u) gušćoj gušćem(u)
instrumental gušćim gušćom gušćim
plural masculine feminine neuter
nominative gušći gušće gušća
genitive gušćih gušćih gušćih
dative gušćim(a) gušćim(a) gušćim(a)
accusative gušće gušće gušća
vocative gušći gušće gušća
locative gušćim(a) gušćim(a) gušćim(a)
instrumental gušćim(a) gušćim(a) gušćim(a)
superlative forms
singular masculine feminine neuter
nominative najgušći najgušća najgušće
genitive najgušćeg(a) najgušće najgušćeg(a)
dative najgušćem(u) najgušćoj najgušćem(u)
accusative inanimate
animate 		najgušći
najgušćeg(a) 		najgušću najgušće
vocative najgušći najgušća najgušće
locative najgušćem(u) najgušćoj najgušćem(u)
instrumental najgušćim najgušćom najgušćim
plural masculine feminine neuter
nominative najgušći najgušće najgušća
genitive najgušćih najgušćih najgušćih
dative najgušćim(a) najgušćim(a) najgušćim(a)
accusative najgušće najgušće najgušća
vocative najgušći najgušće najgušća
locative najgušćim(a) najgušćim(a) najgušćim(a)
instrumental najgušćim(a) najgušćim(a) najgušćim(a)
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