errach

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Old Irish

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Etymology

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Pedersen derives this from Proto-Celtic *wesrakos, an enlargement of Proto-Celtic *wesr-, from Proto-Indo-European *wósr̥. Compare Latin ver (spring). Stifter disputes this; he and Schrijver before him[1] point out that **ferach would be expected. Wagner, and Stifter after him instead derive it from the precursor of Middle Irish err (hind), the semantics derived from spring being the "tail-end" of winter.[2]

Pronunciation

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Noun

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errach m (genitive erraig, no plural)

  1. spring (season)
    • c. 850 Glosses on the Carlsruhe Beda, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. II, pp. 10–30, Bcr. 37a1
      ó errug glosses vere

Inflection

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Masculine o-stem
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative errach
Vocative erraig
Accusative errachN
Genitive erraigL
Dative erruchL
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
  • H = triggers aspiration
  • L = triggers lenition
  • N = triggers nasalization

Descendants

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  • Irish: earrach
  • Scottish Gaelic: earrach
  • Manx: arragh

Mutation

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Old Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Nasalization
errach
(pronounced with /h/ in h-prothesis environments)
unchanged n-errach
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every
possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Schrijver, Peter C. H. (1995) Studies in British Celtic historical phonology (Leiden studies in Indo-European; 5), Amsterdam, Atlanta: Rodopi, page 445
  2. ^ Stifter, David (2023) “The rise of gemination in Celtic”, in Open Research Europe[1], volume 3, number 24, →DOI

Further reading

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