espiar
Catalan
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From espia + -ar, or from Vulgar Latin *spiāre, from Gothic or Frankish *spehōn, from Proto-Germanic *spehōną (“to see, look”), from Proto-Indo-European *speḱ- (“to look”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]espiar (first-person singular present espio, first-person singular preterite espií, past participle espiat)
- to spy (act as a spy)
Conjugation
[edit]infinitive | espiar | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gerund | espiant | ||||||
past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
singular | espiat | espiada | |||||
plural | espiats | espiades | |||||
person | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè |
nosaltres nós |
vosaltres vós |
ells/elles vostès | |
present | espio | espies | espia | espiem | espieu | espien | |
imperfect | espiava | espiaves | espiava | espiàvem | espiàveu | espiaven | |
future | espiaré | espiaràs | espiarà | espiarem | espiareu | espiaran | |
preterite | espií | espiares | espià | espiàrem | espiàreu | espiaren | |
conditional | espiaria | espiaries | espiaria | espiaríem | espiaríeu | espiarien | |
subjunctive | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè |
nosaltres nós |
vosaltres vós |
ells/elles vostès | |
present | espiï | espiïs | espiï | espiem | espieu | espiïn | |
imperfect | espiés | espiessis | espiés | espiéssim | espiéssiu | espiessin | |
imperative | — | tu | vostè | nosaltres | vosaltres vós |
vostès | |
affirmative | — | espia | espiï | espiem | espieu | espiïn | |
negative (no) | — | no espiïs | no espiï | no espiem | no espieu | no espiïn |
Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “espiar” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
- “espiar”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2024
- “espiar” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
- “espiar” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
Galician
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Vulgar Latin *spiāre, from Gothic or Frankish *spehōn, from Proto-Germanic *spehōną (“to see, look”), from Proto-Indo-European *speḱ- (“to look”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]espiar (first-person singular present espío, first-person singular preterite espiei, past participle espiado)
espiar (first-person singular present espio, first-person singular preterite espiei, past participle espiado, reintegrationist norm)
Conjugation
[edit]1Less recommended.
Related terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “espiar”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, since 2012
Portuguese
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Vulgar Latin *spiāre, from Gothic or Frankish *spehōn, from Proto-Germanic *spehōną (“to see, look”), from Proto-Indo-European *speḱ- (“to look”).
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Brazil) IPA(key): /is.piˈa(ʁ)/ [is.pɪˈa(h)], (faster pronunciation) /isˈpja(ʁ)/ [isˈpja(h)], /es.piˈa(ʁ)/ [es.pɪˈa(h)], (faster pronunciation) /esˈpja(ʁ)/ [esˈpja(h)]
- (São Paulo) IPA(key): /is.piˈa(ɾ)/ [is.pɪˈa(ɾ)], (faster pronunciation) /isˈpja(ɾ)/, /es.piˈa(ɾ)/ [es.pɪˈa(ɾ)], (faster pronunciation) /esˈpja(ɾ)/
- (Rio de Janeiro) IPA(key): /iʃ.piˈa(ʁ)/ [iʃ.pɪˈa(χ)], (faster pronunciation) /iʃˈpja(ʁ)/ [iʃˈpja(χ)], /eʃ.piˈa(ʁ)/ [eʃ.pɪˈa(χ)], (faster pronunciation) /eʃˈpja(ʁ)/ [eʃˈpja(χ)]
- (Southern Brazil) IPA(key): /es.piˈa(ɻ)/ [es.pɪˈa(ɻ)], (faster pronunciation) /esˈpja(ɻ)/
Verb
[edit]espiar (first-person singular present espio, first-person singular preterite espiei, past participle espiado)
Conjugation
[edit]1Brazilian Portuguese.
2European Portuguese.
Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “espiar”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2024
Spanish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From espía + -ar, or from Vulgar Latin *spiāre, from Gothic or Frankish *spehōn, from Proto-Germanic *spehōną (“to see, look”), from Proto-Indo-European *speḱ- (“to look”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]espiar (first-person singular present espío, first-person singular preterite espié, past participle espiado)
Conjugation
[edit]infinitive | espiar | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gerund | espiando | ||||||
past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
singular | espiado | espiada | |||||
plural | espiados | espiadas | |||||
singular | plural | ||||||
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
indicative | yo | tú vos |
él/ella/ello usted |
nosotros nosotras |
vosotros vosotras |
ellos/ellas ustedes | |
present | espío | espíastú espiásvos |
espía | espiamos | espiáis | espían | |
imperfect | espiaba | espiabas | espiaba | espiábamos | espiabais | espiaban | |
preterite | espié | espiaste | espió | espiamos | espiasteis | espiaron | |
future | espiaré | espiarás | espiará | espiaremos | espiaréis | espiarán | |
conditional | espiaría | espiarías | espiaría | espiaríamos | espiaríais | espiarían | |
subjunctive | yo | tú vos |
él/ella/ello usted |
nosotros nosotras |
vosotros vosotras |
ellos/ellas ustedes | |
present | espíe | espíestú espiésvos2 |
espíe | espiemos | espiéis | espíen | |
imperfect (ra) |
espiara | espiaras | espiara | espiáramos | espiarais | espiaran | |
imperfect (se) |
espiase | espiases | espiase | espiásemos | espiaseis | espiasen | |
future1 | espiare | espiares | espiare | espiáremos | espiareis | espiaren | |
imperative | — | tú vos |
usted | nosotros nosotras |
vosotros vosotras |
ustedes | |
affirmative | espíatú espiávos |
espíe | espiemos | espiad | espíen | ||
negative | no espíes | no espíe | no espiemos | no espiéis | no espíen |
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.
Related terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “espiar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
- Catalan terms suffixed with -ar
- Catalan terms derived from Vulgar Latin
- Catalan terms derived from Gothic
- Catalan terms derived from Frankish
- Catalan terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Catalan terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Catalan terms with IPA pronunciation
- Catalan lemmas
- Catalan verbs
- Catalan first conjugation verbs
- Galician terms derived from Vulgar Latin
- Galician terms derived from Gothic
- Galician terms derived from Frankish
- Galician terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Galician terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Galician terms with IPA pronunciation
- Galician lemmas
- Galician verbs
- Galician verbs ending in -ar
- Galician verbs with i becoming í when stressed
- Portuguese terms derived from Vulgar Latin
- Portuguese terms derived from Gothic
- Portuguese terms derived from Frankish
- Portuguese terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Portuguese terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Portuguese 3-syllable words
- Portuguese 2-syllable words
- Portuguese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Portuguese lemmas
- Portuguese verbs
- Portuguese verbs ending in -ar
- pt:Espionage
- Spanish terms suffixed with -ar
- Spanish terms derived from Vulgar Latin
- Spanish terms derived from Gothic
- Spanish terms derived from Frankish
- Spanish terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Spanish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Spanish 2-syllable words
- Spanish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Spanish/aɾ
- Rhymes:Spanish/aɾ/2 syllables
- Spanish lemmas
- Spanish verbs
- Spanish verbs ending in -ar
- Spanish verbs with i-í alternation
- es:Espionage