sóer

See also: soer and sör

Old Irish

Alternative forms

• sáer (late Old Irish)

Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *suwiros, from *su- (“good”) +‎ *wiros (“man”). Compare Sanskrit सुवीर (suvī́ra-, “heroic”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /soːi̯r/

Adjective

sóer

1. free

Inflection

o/ā-stem
Singular	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	sóer	sóer	sóer
Vocative	soír* sóer**
Accusative	sóer	soír
Genitive	soír	soíre	soír
Dative	sóer	soír	sóer
Plural	Masculine	Feminine/neuter
Nominative	soír	sóera
Vocative	sóeru sóera†
Accusative	sóeru sóera†
Genitive	sóer
Dative	sóeraib
Notes	*modifying a noun whose vocative is different from its nominative **modifying a noun whose vocative is identical to its nominative † not when substantivized

Antonyms

• dóer

Derived terms

• sóeraid (“to free”)
• sóerad m (“deliverance”)
• soíre f (“freedom”)

Descendants

• Irish: saor
• Manx: seyr
• Scottish Gaelic: saor

Noun

sóer m (genitive soír, nominative plural soír)

1. freeman
2. noble

Inflection

Masculine o-stem
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	sóer	sóerL	soírL
Vocative	soír	sóerL	sóeruH
Accusative	sóerN	sóerL	sóeruH
Genitive	soírL	sóer	sóerN
Dative	sóerL	sóeraib	sóeraib
Initial mutations of a following adjective: H = triggers aspiration L = triggers lenition N = triggers nasalization

Mutation

Old Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Nasalization
sóer	ṡóer	unchanged
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “1 saer”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language