ओष्ठ

Sanskrit

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

• ওষ্ঠ (Assamese script)
• ᬑᬱ᭄ᬞ (Balinese script)
• ওষ্ঠ (Bengali script)
• 𑰌𑰬𑰿𑰙 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀑𑀱𑁆𑀞 (Brahmi script)
• ဩၑ္ဌ (Burmese script)
• ઓષ્ઠ (Gujarati script)
• ਓਸ਼੍ਠ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌓𑌷𑍍𑌠 (Grantha script)
• ꦎꦰ꧀ꦜ (Javanese script)
• 𑂋𑂭𑂹𑂘 (Kaithi script)
• ಓಷ್ಠ (Kannada script)
• ឱឞ្ឋ (Khmer script)
• ໂອຩ຺ຐ (Lao script)
• ഓഷ്ഠ (Malayalam script)
• ᠣᢢᡱᠠ (Manchu script)
• 𑘌𑘬𑘿𑘙 (Modi script)
• ᠣᠸᠠᢔᢍᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
• 𑦬𑧌𑧠𑦹 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐌𑐲𑑂𑐛 (Newa script)
• ଓଷ୍ଠ (Odia script)
• ꢐꢰ꣄ꢝ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆏𑆰𑇀𑆜 (Sharada script)
• 𑖌𑖬𑖿𑖙 (Siddham script)
• ඔෂ‍්ඨ (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩐𑩕𑪀 𑪙𑩧 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚈𑚶𑚕 (Takri script)
• ஓஷ்ட² (Tamil script)
• ఓష్ఠ (Telugu script)
• โอษฺฐ (Thai script)
• ཨོ་ཥྛ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒍𑒭𑓂𑒚 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨀𑨆𑨯𑩇𑨕 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *Háwštʰas (“lip”), from a derivative of Proto-Indo-European *h₃éh₁os (“mouth”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬀𐬊𐬱𐬙𐬀(-𐬗𐬀) (aošta(-ca), “upper lip”), 𐬀𐬊𐬱𐬙𐬭𐬀 (aoštra, “two lips”), Proto-Slavic *ūstà (“lip, mouth”). See also आस् (ā́s, “mouth”).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɐ́wʂ.ʈʰɐ/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ˈoːʂ.ʈʰɐ/

Noun

ओष्ठ • (óṣṭha) stem, m

1. lip (generally in dual)
   • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 2.39.6:

     ओष्ठाविव मध्वास्ने वदन्ता स्तनाविव पिप्यतं जीवसे नः।
     नासेव नस्तन्वो रक्षितारा कर्णाविव सुश्रुता भूतमस्मे॥

     oṣṭhāviva madhvāsne vadantā stanāviva pipyataṃ jīvase naḥ.
     nāseva nastanvo rakṣitārā karṇāviva suśrutā bhūtamasme.

     Even as two lips that with the mouth speak honey, even as two breasts that nourish our existence,
     Like the two nostrils that protect our being, be to us as our ears that hear distinctly.

2. the forepart of an Agnikuṇḍa

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of ओष्ठ (óṣṭha)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ओष्ठः óṣṭhaḥ	ओष्ठौ / ओष्ठा¹ óṣṭhau / óṣṭhā¹	ओष्ठाः / ओष्ठासः¹ óṣṭhāḥ / óṣṭhāsaḥ¹
Vocative	ओष्ठ óṣṭha	ओष्ठौ / ओष्ठा¹ óṣṭhau / óṣṭhā¹	ओष्ठाः / ओष्ठासः¹ óṣṭhāḥ / óṣṭhāsaḥ¹
Accusative	ओष्ठम् óṣṭham	ओष्ठौ / ओष्ठा¹ óṣṭhau / óṣṭhā¹	ओष्ठान् óṣṭhān
Instrumental	ओष्ठेन óṣṭhena	ओष्ठाभ्याम् óṣṭhābhyām	ओष्ठैः / ओष्ठेभिः¹ óṣṭhaiḥ / óṣṭhebhiḥ¹
Dative	ओष्ठाय óṣṭhāya	ओष्ठाभ्याम् óṣṭhābhyām	ओष्ठेभ्यः óṣṭhebhyaḥ
Ablative	ओष्ठात् óṣṭhāt	ओष्ठाभ्याम् óṣṭhābhyām	ओष्ठेभ्यः óṣṭhebhyaḥ
Genitive	ओष्ठस्य óṣṭhasya	ओष्ठयोः óṣṭhayoḥ	ओष्ठानाम् óṣṭhānām
Locative	ओष्ठे óṣṭhe	ओष्ठयोः óṣṭhayoḥ	ओष्ठेषु óṣṭheṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Derived terms

• ओष्ठ्य (oṣṭhya)
• अधरौष्ठ (adharauṣṭha)

Descendants

Descendants with initial h- are attributed to influence from अधरौष्ठ (adharauṣṭha, “lower lip”) or a compound of similar nature prefixed by अधम (adhama, “lower”) (which may also explain nasalization). For Prakrit 𑀳𑁄𑀝𑁆𑀞 (hŏṭṭha), 𑀳𑀼𑀝𑁆𑀞 (huṭṭha), K. R. Norman suggested an early contraction of अधरौष्ठ (adharauṣṭha) to *𑀅𑀥𑀑𑀱𑁆𑀞 (*adhaoṣṭha).

Descendants of ओष्ठ

• Pali: oṭṭha
• Dardic:
  • Kashmiri: वुठ (wuṭh)
• Prakrit: 𑀑𑀝𑁆𑀞 (ŏṭṭha), 𑀉𑀝𑁆𑀞 (uṭṭha), 𑀳𑁄𑀝𑁆𑀞 (hŏṭṭha), 𑀳𑀼𑀝𑁆𑀞 (huṭṭha)
  • Helu Prakrit:
    • Sinhalese: ඔට (oṭa)
  • Khasa Prakrit:
    • Nepali: ओठ् (oṭh)
  • Magadhi Prakrit:
    • Assamese: ওঁঠ (ü̃th)
    • Odia: ଓଠ (oṭha)
  • Maharastri Prakrit:
    • Konkani: वोंट (voṇṭa)
    • Marathi: ओठ (oṭh), ओंठ (oṇṭha)
  • Paisaci Prakrit:
    • Punjabi: ਹੋਠ (hoṭh), Punjabi: ਹੋਂਠ (hoṇṭh)
  • Pali: oṭṭha
  • Sauraseni Prakrit:
    • Domari: ōšt
    • Gujarati: હોઠ (hoṭh)
    • Hindustani:

      Hindi: होंठ (hõṭh)

      Urdu: ہونٹ (honṭ)

    • Romani: uśt, vusht (Anglicized), vuśt (International Standard), vušt (Pan-Vlax)

Noun

Coccinia grandis in fruit

ओष्ठ • (oṣṭha) stem, f

1. (botany) Coccinia grandis (to whose red fruits lips are commonly compared)