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{{Year dab|1154}} |
{{Year dab|1154}} |
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{{Year nav|1154}} |
{{Year nav|1154}} |
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{{C12 year in topic}} |
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[[File:Kingdom of Sicily 1154.svg|upright=1.35|thumb|Map of the [[Kingdom of Sicily]] (1154)]] |
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[[File:Guglielmo I.jpg|upright=1.35|thumb|King [[William I of Sicily|William I]] ('''the Bad''') (r. 1154–1166)]] |
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== Events == |
== Events == |
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<onlyinclude> |
<onlyinclude> |
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===By place=== |
=== By place === |
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==== Levant ==== |
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* [[April 18]] – [[Nur ad-Din (died 1174)|Nur al-Din]], Seljuk ruler (''[[atabeg]]'') of [[Aleppo]], encamps before [[Damascus]] and overthrows [[Mujir ad-Din Abaq|Mujir al-Din]] by force with support of the Jewish citizens, who open the eastern gate to the bulk of his army. Mujir flees to the citadel, but capitulates after only a few hours. He is offered his life and the Emirate of [[Homs]]. A few weeks later Mujir is suspected of plotting with old friends in Damascus and is exiled to [[Baghdad]]. Damascus is annexed to [[Zengid dynasty|Zangid]] territory and all of [[Syria]] is unified under the authority of Nur al-Din, from [[Edessa]] in the north to the [[Hauran]] to the south.<ref>Steven Runciman (1952). ''A History of the Crusades. Vol II: The Kingdom of Jerusalem'', p. 278. {{ISBN|978-0-241-29876-3}}.</ref> |
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| ⚫ | * [[Italo-Norman|Norman]]s conduct a series of raids in North Africa, including [[Annaba]] ([[Algeria]])<ref>Gilbert Meynier (2010) ''L'Algérie cœur du Maghreb classique. De l'ouverture islamo-arabe au repli (658–1518)''. Paris: La Découverte; |
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| ⚫ | * Nur al-Din establishes the [[Nur al-Din Bimaristan|Al-Nuri Hospital]] in Damascus. The hospital has outpatient consulting rooms, a conference room, prayer hall, vestibules and bathrooms.<ref>{{cite web|title=Al-Nuri hospital, in Damascus 1154|url=http://www.shininghistory.com/2009/06/al-nuri-hospitaldamascus-in-1154.html|access-date=8 November 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111107040400/http://www.shininghistory.com/2009/06/al-nuri-hospitaldamascus-in-1154.html|archive-date=November 7, 2011|url-status=dead|df=mdy-all}}</ref> |
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==== Europe ==== |
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* [[February 26]] – King [[Roger II of Sicily|Roger II]] dies at [[Palermo]] after a 24-year reign. He is succeeded by his fourth son [[William I of Sicily|William I]] ('''the Bad''') as ruler of [[Kingdom of Sicily|Sicily]]. William appoints [[Maio of Bari]], a man of low birth, to chancellor and his adviser. He pursues his father's policy of strengthening authority over the towns and the Italian nobles, who rally around his cousin [[Robert III of Loritello|Robert III]], count of [[Loritello]], in [[County of Apulia and Calabria|Apulia and Calabria]]. |
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* [[April 23]] – [[Nur ad-Din Zangi]] gains control of [[Damascus]], uniting [[Syria]] under one ruler. |
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* Autumn – King [[Frederick I, Holy Roman Emperor|Frederick I]] ('''Barbarossa''') leads a expedition into [[Kingdom of Italy (Holy Roman Empire)|Italy]] for his imperial coronation. He wants to impose his will upon the towns and cities of [[Lombardy]], a region long accustomed to interference from [[Kingdom of Germany|Germany]]. Frederick encounters stiff resistance to his authority, the Lombard nobles are unwilling to acknowledge his rule and the rights to raise taxes.<ref>Andrew Roberts (2008). ''Great Commanders of the Medieval World (454–1582)'', p. 130. {{ISBN|978-0-85738-589-5}}.</ref> |
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| ⚫ | * |
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| ⚫ | * The [[Almohad Caliphate|Almohad]] army conquers the last independent Muslim stronghold at [[Emirate of Granada|Granada]] (modern [[Spain]]), after a six year siege.<ref>Gilbert Meynier (2010). ''L'Algérie cæur du Maghreb classique. De l'ouverture islamo-arabe au repli (658–1518)''. Paris: La Dïcouverte; p. 88.</ref> |
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* [[February 26]] – [[Roger II of Sicily]] dies at [[Palermo]]. He is succeeded by his youngest son, [[William I of Sicily]]. |
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* [[December 14]] – [[Pope Adrian IV]] (also known as Hadrian IV) succeeds [[Pope Anastasius IV]], as the 169th pope. Born Nicholas Breakspear, he is the only English pope in history. |
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* The [[Château de Chinon]] is built by [[Theobald I, Count of Blois]]. |
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* [[Birmingham]], [[Kingdom of England|England]], and the [[Birmingham Bull Ring]] are founded. |
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* [[Belgrade]] is rebuilt by [[Byzantine emperor]] [[Manuel I Komnenos]]. |
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* [[Tallinn]], the capital of [[Estonia]], is first marked on the world map by [[Muhammad al-Idrisi]]. |
* [[Tallinn]], the capital of [[Estonia]], is first marked on the world map by [[Muhammad al-Idrisi]]. |
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==== Africa ==== |
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| ⚫ | * [[Italo-Norman|Norman]]s conduct a series of raids in [[North Africa]], including [[Annaba]] (modern [[Algeria]])<ref>Gilbert Meynier (2010). ''L'Algérie cœur du Maghreb classique. De l'ouverture islamo-arabe au repli (658–1518)''. Paris: La Découverte; p. 71.</ref> and the [[Nile]] Delta.<ref name="norman adversaries">{{cite book|last=Abels|first=Richard Philip|title=The Normans and their adversaries at war|year=2001|publisher=Boydell & Brewer|location=Woodbridge|isbn=0-85115-847-1|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jOic9EEo3PIC&q=The+occasion+of+the+coming+of+the+Normans+to+southern+Italy|author2=Bernard S. Bachrach|page=100}}</ref> |
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==== England ==== |
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| ⚫ | [[January 15]] |
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| ⚫ | * [[December 19]] – The 21-year-old [[Henry II of England|Henry II]] is crowned as sole ruler of [[Kingdom of England|England]] along with his wife [[Eleanor of Aquitaine]].<ref>White, Graeme J. (2000). ''Restoration and Reform, 1153–1165: Recovery From Civil War in England'', p. 5. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. {{ISBN|978-0-521-55459-6}}.</ref> |
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* The [[Bull Ring, Birmingham|Bull Ring]], a commercial market centre, is founded by [[Peter de Bermingham]] at [[Birmingham]]. |
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=== By topic === |
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==== Art and Culture ==== |
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| ⚫ | * [[January 15]] – Muhammad al-Idrisi, Arab geographer and cartographer, completes his [[atlas]] of the world, the ''[[Tabula Rogeriana]]'', which will remain one of the most accurate maps until the [[Age of Discovery]].<ref name="norman matthew">{{cite book|last=Matthew|first=Donald|title=The Norman kingdom of Sicily|year=1992|publisher=Cambridge University Press|location=Cambridge|isbn=0-521-26911-3|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CQfub3l_ejkC&q=january&pg=PA277|page=228}}</ref> |
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* [[December 3]] – Pope [[Pope Anastasius IV|Anastasius IV]] dies after a 17-month [[pontificate]]. He is succeeded by [[Pope Adrian IV|Adrian IV]] (the only English pope in history) as the 169th pope of the [[Catholic Church]]. |
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== Births == |
== Births == |
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[[ |
* [[November 2]] – [[Constance, Queen of Sicily|Constance I]], queen of [[Kingdom of Sicily|Sicily]] (d. [[1198]]) |
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* [[ |
* [[Agnes of Austria (1154–1182)|Agnes of Austria]], queen of [[Kingdom of Hungary (1000–1301)|Hungary]] (d. [[1182]]) |
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* [[ |
* [[Benoît de Sainte-Maure]], French poet (d. [[1173]]) |
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* [[ |
* [[Kyŏng Tae-sŭng]], Korean military leader (d. [[1183]]) |
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* [[Minamoto no Yoshinaka]], Japanese |
* [[Minamoto no Yoshinaka]], Japanese general (d. [[1184]]) |
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* [[Sune Sik Sverkersson]], prince of Sweden |
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* [[ |
* [[Robert II, Count of Dreux|Robert II]], count of [[Dreux]] and [[Braine, Aisne|Braine]] (d. [[1218]]) |
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* [[ |
* [[Shahab al-Din Yahya ibn Habash Suhrawardi|Sohrevardi]], Persian philosopher (d. [[1191]]) |
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* [[Vsevolod the Big Nest|Vsevolod III]], Grand Prince of [[Principality of Kiev|Kiev]] (d. [[1212]]) |
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== Deaths == |
== Deaths == |
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* [[February 2]] |
* [[February 2]] – [[Viacheslav I of Kiev|Viacheslav I]], Grand Prince of Kiev (b. [[1083]]) |
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* [[February 20]] |
* [[February 20]] – [[Wulfric of Haselbury]], English [[Thaumaturgy|miracle worker]] |
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* [[February 26]] – [[Roger II of Sicily|Roger II]], king of Sicily (b. [[1095]])<ref>{{cite web |title=Roger II {{!}} Facts & Biography |url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Roger-II |website=Encyclopedia Britannica |access-date=14 July 2020 |language=en}}</ref> |
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* [[February 26]] – King [[Roger II of Sicily]] (b. [[1093]]) |
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* [[ |
* [[March 8]] – [[Stephen of Obazine]], French priest (b. [[1085]]) |
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*[[April 1]] or [[April 15]] – [[Al-Zafir]], Fatimid caliph (b. [[1133]])<ref>{{TDV Encyclopedia of Islam | volume = 44 | first = Murat | last = Öztürk | authorlink = | title = Zâfir-Biemrillâh | url = https://islamansiklopedisi.org.tr/zafir-biemrillah | pages = 69–70}}</ref> |
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* [[April 3]] – [[Al-Adil ibn al-Sallar]], Fatimid vizier |
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* [[November 13]] – [[Iziaslav II of Kiev]], Prince of [[Vladimir, Russia|Vladimir]] and [[Volhynia|Volyn]], (b. c. [[1097]]) |
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* [[June 8]] – [[William of York]], English archbishop |
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* [[June 9]] – [[Geoffrey of Canterbury]], English [[abbot]] |
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* [[July 20]] – [[Bernard of Hildesheim]], German bishop |
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* [[July 21]] – [[Elizabeth of Hungary, Duchess of Greater Poland|Elizabeth of Hungary]], Polish duchess |
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* [[September 4]] – [[Gilbert de la Porrée]], French theologian |
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* [[November 13]] – [[Iziaslav II of Kiev|Iziaslav II]], Grand Prince of Kiev |
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* [[November 18]] – [[Adelaide of Maurienne]], French queen (b. [[1092]]) |
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* [[December 12]] – [[Vicelinus]], German bishop (b. [[1086]]) |
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* [[Donnchad I, Earl of Fife|Donnchad I]] (or '''Duncan'''), Scottish [[Nobility|nobleman]] (b. [[1113]]) |
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* [[Ermengol VI, Count of Urgell|Ermengol IV]] ('''el de Castilla'''), count of [[County of Urgell|Urgell]] (b. 1096) |
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* [[Faidiva of Toulouse]], countess of [[Savoy]] (b. 1133) |
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* [[Hiyya al-Daudi]], Andalusian [[rabbi]] and composer |
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* [[Honorius Augustodunensis]], French theologian |
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* [[Jinadattasuri]], Indian [[Jainism|Jain]] poet and writer (b. [[1075]]) |
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* [[Lawrence of Durham]], English [[prelate]] and poet |
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* [[Lambert of Vence|Lambert of Bauduen]], bishop of [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Vence|Vence]] (b. [[1084]]) |
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* [[Matilda of Anjou]], duchess of [[Duchy of Normandy|Normandy]] (b. [[1106]]) |
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* [[Zhang Jun (general)|Zhang Jun]], Chinese general and official (b. 1086) |
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== References == |
== References == |
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Latest revision as of 12:35, 23 July 2024
| Millennium: | 2nd millennium |
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| Centuries: | |
| Decades: | |
| Years: |
| 1154 by topic |
|---|
| Leaders |
| Birth and death categories |
| Births – Deaths |
| Establishments and disestablishments categories |
| Establishments – Disestablishments |
| Art and literature |
| 1154 in poetry |
| Gregorian calendar | 1154 MCLIV |
| Ab urbe condita | 1907 |
| Armenian calendar | 603 ԹՎ ՈԳ |
| Assyrian calendar | 5904 |
| Balinese saka calendar | 1075–1076 |
| Bengali calendar | 561 |
| Berber calendar | 2104 |
| English Regnal year | 19 Ste. 1 – 1 Hen. 2 |
| Buddhist calendar | 1698 |
| Burmese calendar | 516 |
| Byzantine calendar | 6662–6663 |
| Chinese calendar | 癸酉年 (Water Rooster) 3851 or 3644 — to — 甲戌年 (Wood Dog) 3852 or 3645 |
| Coptic calendar | 870–871 |
| Discordian calendar | 2320 |
| Ethiopian calendar | 1146–1147 |
| Hebrew calendar | 4914–4915 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| - Vikram Samvat | 1210–1211 |
| - Shaka Samvat | 1075–1076 |
| - Kali Yuga | 4254–4255 |
| Holocene calendar | 11154 |
| Igbo calendar | 154–155 |
| Iranian calendar | 532–533 |
| Islamic calendar | 548–549 |
| Japanese calendar | Ninpei 4 / Kyūju 1 (久寿元年) |
| Javanese calendar | 1060–1061 |
| Julian calendar | 1154 MCLIV |
| Korean calendar | 3487 |
| Minguo calendar | 758 before ROC 民前758年 |
| Nanakshahi calendar | −314 |
| Seleucid era | 1465/1466 AG |
| Thai solar calendar | 1696–1697 |
| Tibetan calendar | 阴水鸡年 (female Water-Rooster) 1280 or 899 or 127 — to — 阳木狗年 (male Wood-Dog) 1281 or 900 or 128 |
Year 1154 (MCLIV) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
Events
[edit]By place
[edit]Levant
[edit]- April 18 – Nur al-Din, Seljuk ruler (atabeg) of Aleppo, encamps before Damascus and overthrows Mujir al-Din by force with support of the Jewish citizens, who open the eastern gate to the bulk of his army. Mujir flees to the citadel, but capitulates after only a few hours. He is offered his life and the Emirate of Homs. A few weeks later Mujir is suspected of plotting with old friends in Damascus and is exiled to Baghdad. Damascus is annexed to Zangid territory and all of Syria is unified under the authority of Nur al-Din, from Edessa in the north to the Hauran to the south.[1]
- Nur al-Din establishes the Al-Nuri Hospital in Damascus. The hospital has outpatient consulting rooms, a conference room, prayer hall, vestibules and bathrooms.[2]
Europe
[edit]- February 26 – King Roger II dies at Palermo after a 24-year reign. He is succeeded by his fourth son William I (the Bad) as ruler of Sicily. William appoints Maio of Bari, a man of low birth, to chancellor and his adviser. He pursues his father's policy of strengthening authority over the towns and the Italian nobles, who rally around his cousin Robert III, count of Loritello, in Apulia and Calabria.
- Autumn – King Frederick I (Barbarossa) leads a expedition into Italy for his imperial coronation. He wants to impose his will upon the towns and cities of Lombardy, a region long accustomed to interference from Germany. Frederick encounters stiff resistance to his authority, the Lombard nobles are unwilling to acknowledge his rule and the rights to raise taxes.[3]
- The Almohad army conquers the last independent Muslim stronghold at Granada (modern Spain), after a six year siege.[4]
- The Banate of Bosnia becomes an autonomous duchy as part of the Lands of the Hungarian Crown.
- Tallinn, the capital of Estonia, is first marked on the world map by Muhammad al-Idrisi.
Africa
[edit]- Normans conduct a series of raids in North Africa, including Annaba (modern Algeria)[5] and the Nile Delta.[6]
England
[edit]- October 25 – King Stephen dies after a short illness at Dover. He is succeeded by Henry of Anjou, the son of Queen Matilda.
- December 19 – The 21-year-old Henry II is crowned as sole ruler of England along with his wife Eleanor of Aquitaine.[7]
- The Bull Ring, a commercial market centre, is founded by Peter de Bermingham at Birmingham.
By topic
[edit]Art and Culture
[edit]- January 15 – Muhammad al-Idrisi, Arab geographer and cartographer, completes his atlas of the world, the Tabula Rogeriana, which will remain one of the most accurate maps until the Age of Discovery.[8]
Religion
[edit]- December 3 – Pope Anastasius IV dies after a 17-month pontificate. He is succeeded by Adrian IV (the only English pope in history) as the 169th pope of the Catholic Church.
Births
[edit]- November 2 – Constance I, queen of Sicily (d. 1198)
- November 11 – Sancho I, king of Portugal (d. 1211)
- Agnes of Austria, queen of Hungary (d. 1182)
- Benoît de Sainte-Maure, French poet (d. 1173)
- Kyŏng Tae-sŭng, Korean military leader (d. 1183)
- Minamoto no Yoshinaka, Japanese general (d. 1184)
- Muzaffar al-Din Gökböri, Ayyubid general (d. 1233)
- Robert II, count of Dreux and Braine (d. 1218)
- Sohrevardi, Persian philosopher (d. 1191)
- Vsevolod III, Grand Prince of Kiev (d. 1212)
Deaths
[edit]- February 2 – Viacheslav I, Grand Prince of Kiev (b. 1083)
- February 20 – Wulfric of Haselbury, English miracle worker
- February 26 – Roger II, king of Sicily (b. 1095)[9]
- March 8 – Stephen of Obazine, French priest (b. 1085)
- April 1 or April 15 – Al-Zafir, Fatimid caliph (b. 1133)[10]
- April 3 – Al-Adil ibn al-Sallar, Fatimid vizier
- June 8 – William of York, English archbishop
- June 9 – Geoffrey of Canterbury, English abbot
- July 20 – Bernard of Hildesheim, German bishop
- July 21 – Elizabeth of Hungary, Polish duchess
- September 4 – Gilbert de la Porrée, French theologian
- October 25 – Stephen, king of England (b. 1096)
- November 13 – Iziaslav II, Grand Prince of Kiev
- November 18 – Adelaide of Maurienne, French queen (b. 1092)
- December 3 – Anastasius IV, pope of the Catholic Church
- December 12 – Vicelinus, German bishop (b. 1086)
- Donnchad I (or Duncan), Scottish nobleman (b. 1113)
- Ermengol IV (el de Castilla), count of Urgell (b. 1096)
- Faidiva of Toulouse, countess of Savoy (b. 1133)
- Hiyya al-Daudi, Andalusian rabbi and composer
- Honorius Augustodunensis, French theologian
- Jinadattasuri, Indian Jain poet and writer (b. 1075)
- Lawrence of Durham, English prelate and poet
- Lambert of Bauduen, bishop of Vence (b. 1084)
- Matilda of Anjou, duchess of Normandy (b. 1106)
- Zhang Jun, Chinese general and official (b. 1086)
References
[edit]- ^ Steven Runciman (1952). A History of the Crusades. Vol II: The Kingdom of Jerusalem, p. 278. ISBN 978-0-241-29876-3.
- ^ "Al-Nuri hospital, in Damascus 1154". Archived from the original on November 7, 2011. Retrieved November 8, 2011.
- ^ Andrew Roberts (2008). Great Commanders of the Medieval World (454–1582), p. 130. ISBN 978-0-85738-589-5.
- ^ Gilbert Meynier (2010). L'Algérie cæur du Maghreb classique. De l'ouverture islamo-arabe au repli (658–1518). Paris: La Dïcouverte; p. 88.
- ^ Gilbert Meynier (2010). L'Algérie cœur du Maghreb classique. De l'ouverture islamo-arabe au repli (658–1518). Paris: La Découverte; p. 71.
- ^ Abels, Richard Philip; Bernard S. Bachrach (2001). The Normans and their adversaries at war. Woodbridge: Boydell & Brewer. p. 100. ISBN 0-85115-847-1.
- ^ White, Graeme J. (2000). Restoration and Reform, 1153–1165: Recovery From Civil War in England, p. 5. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-55459-6.
- ^ Matthew, Donald (1992). The Norman kingdom of Sicily. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 228. ISBN 0-521-26911-3.
- ^ "Roger II | Facts & Biography". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved July 14, 2020.
- ^ Öztürk, Murat (2013). "Zâfir-Biemrillâh". TDV Encyclopedia of Islam, Vol. 44 (Yusuf – Zwemer) (in Turkish). Istanbul: Turkiye Diyanet Foundation, Centre for Islamic Studies. pp. 69–70. ISBN 978-975-389-785-3.