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Next Libyan presidential election

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2021 Libyan presidential election
24 December 2021 (first round)
24 January 2022 (second round)
President before election

Mohamed al-Menfi
Independent

Elected President

TBD

Politics of Libya

Arab League Member State of the Arab League

Constitution
Executive
Legislature
Judiciary
Administrative divisions
Elections
Foreign relations
flag Libya portal

The 2021 Libyan presidential election is scheduled to be held with the first round on 24 December, and the second round on 24 January.[1] Elections had previously been planned for early 2019 but were delayed due to Khalifa Haftar Western Libya campaign,[2][3] after having earlier been planned for 10 December 2018.[4]

The four people who agreed to the original deal in May 2018 were: Fayez al-Sarraj (head of the Government of National Accord), Khalifa Haftar (head of the Libyan National Army), Aguila Saleh Issa (head of the House of Representatives), and Khalid al-Mishri (head of the High Council of State).[5] This was supported by the final report of the Centre for Humanitarian Dialogue for the preparatory phase of the Libyan National Conference, which stated that Libyans participating in the consultative process "expressed fatigue and frustration with the current political situation and called for an election or other major change to usher in a new system".[6] The elections, to be organised by the High National Election Commission (HNEC), were delayed by the start of a military operation by Haftar's Libyan National Army to take control of the capital Tripoli from the GNA, in April 2019. The Libyan National Conference was also supposed to have been held that month to organise the framework for carrying out the elections. Municipal elections started in March and April 2019 and were organised by the Central Commission of Municipal Council Elections in close cooperation with HNEC.[7][8][9][10]

Background

Main articles: Second Libyan Civil War and Libyan peace process

2017

In a surprise offensive on 3 March 2017, the Islamist-dominated Benghazi Defense Brigades seized a number of oil ports from the Libyan National Army-backed House of Representatives.[11] On 7 March 2017, the ports were handed over to the Government of National Accord, prompting the House of Representatives to abandon the UN-brokered peace deal it had previously agreed to with that government, denouncing the BDB capture of the ports as "terrorist attacks".[12] The House then called for Libya's electoral commission to make "all the necessary arrangements to prepare for presidential and parliamentary elections before February 2018".[13]

2018

In May 2018, talks occurred in Paris, France, where leaders of the Government of National Accord and representatives of Haftar's Libyan National Army agreed on establishing a legal framework by 16 September 2018 to hold elections in December.[14] In July, French Foreign Minister Jean-Yves Le Drian visited Libya to speak with GNA Prime Minister Fayez al-Sarraj on making sure the elections went forward, and announcing that France donated US$1 million for the election.[15] The Italian Prime Minister Giuseppe Conte stated in early August 2018 that he doubted that elections would be held at the end of the year, despite France's push,[16] and Italian ambassador to Libya Giuseppe Perrone echoed this view.[17] The Italian embassy in Tripoli later denied that Perrone was trying to delay the election after his statements were criticized by the Libyan House of Representatives.[18] Ghassan Salamé, the United Nations representative in Libya, stated that an election in December 2018 would be unlikely due to the ongoing fighting.[19]

In November 2018, major Libyan political figures attended the two-day Palermo Conference in an attempt to resolve the Libyan Conflict, but without a breakthrough.[20]

2019

In January 2019, Saif al-Islam Gaddafi called for elections "as soon as possible."[21]

One of the major aims of the Libyan National Conference, which was initially scheduled for 14–16 April 2019, but postponed because of the 2019–20 Western Libya campaign, was to recommend methods and dates of the 2019 elections to the Libyan House of Representatives and High Council of State.[22]

According to resolution 8/2013 of the General National Congress (GNC), the body responsible for the practical aspects of organising the elections is the High National Elections Commission (HNEC).[23][24] HNEC is expected to follow the procedures outlined in resolution 17/2013 of the GNC.[23] As of 2019, the HNEC Board consisted of Emad Alshadly al-Sayah, Rabab Mohammed Halab, Abdelhakim Alshaab Belkhair and Abubakr Ali Marda.[25]

The 2019 Libyan local elections took place in 20 localities, prior to the parliamentary and presidential elections, in March and April 2019,[7][8][9][10] with further planned elections in other towns during 2019. The local elections are coordinated by the Central Commission of Municipal Council Elections in close cooperation with HNEC.[24]

In 2019, Libyan Speaker of the House Aguila Saleh announced that elections could be held in 2020.[26]

2020

On 16 September 2020, Fayez al-Sarraj stated that he would step down from his position by the end of October 2020. This took place after the first month of the start of the 2020 Libyan protests in Tripoli, Benghazi and other cities across Libya.[27][28]

2021

On 23 September 2021, Haftar temporarily withdrew his post from the command of the LNA for a potential run in the election. Under Libyan law, officials must suspend their current work three months before participating in the election.[29]

Electoral system

The President of Libya is elected through two-round system for a five-year term.

Presidential candidates

Registration for presidential candidates opened on 7 November and lasted until 22 November.[30][31] Saif al-Islam Gaddafi registered his candidacy on 14 November 2021.[32] Libya Herald commented that Gaddafi's arrest warrant issued by the International Criminal Court investigation in Libya[33] did not block his eligibility in the election.[32] Khalifa Haftar registered his candidacy on 16 November.[34] Aref Nayed, Chairman of the Ihya Libya Party, submitted his candidacy on 17 November 2021. In total, 96 men and two women registered.[35] A "preliminary list" of 73 allowed candidated was released on 24 November. Gaddafi is not among them.

Declared

Portrait Candidate Party Candidacy registration date Notes
 File:Dr Aref Ali Nayed.png Aref Ali Nayed
(b. 1962) 		Ihya Libya 17 November 2021[36] Former Libyan Ambassador to United Arab Emirates
Fathi Bashagha
(b. 1962) 		Independent 18 November 2021[37] former Interior Minister of the Government of National Accord
  Khalifa Haftar
(b. 1943) 		Independent 16 November 2021[38] Libyan-American politician and commander of the Libyan National Army[39]
Abdul Hamid Dbeibeh Independent 21 November 2021[40] Interim Prime Minister of Libya
  Saif al-Islam Gaddafi
(b. 1972) 		Popular Front for the Liberation of Libya 14 November 2021[41] son of former Libyan leader Muammar Gaddafi
Aguila Saleh Issa
(b. 1944) 		Independent 17 November 2021[30] Speaker of the Libyan House of Representatives
Ali Zeidan
(b. 1950) 		Independent 14 November 2021[42] Former Prime Minister of Libya

Publicly expressed interest

See also

References

  1. ^ "Libyan legislative elections delayed until January: Parliament". Al Jazeera. 5 October 2021. Retrieved 7 October 2021.
  2. ^ "Libya election to take place in early 2019: UN envoy". Al Jazeera. 9 November 2018. Retrieved 9 November 2018.
  3. ^ "Libya elections by June 2019, UN envoy tells Reuters at Palermo Conference". Libyan Express. 12 November 2018. Retrieved 1 February 2019.
  4. ^ "Libya's rival leaders agree to hold elections in December". Al Jazeera. 29 May 2018. Retrieved 29 May 2018.
  5. ^ "Libya rivals agree 'historic' election plan". BBC. 29 May 2018. Retrieved 29 May 2018.
  6. ^ "The Libyan National Conference Process: Final Report" (PDF). Centre for Humanitarian Dialogue. Archived (PDF) from the original on 13 May 2019. Retrieved 6 May 2019.
  7. ^ a b "Libya holds municipal elections in first vote for five years". Middle East Monitor. 31 March 2019. Archived from the original on 20 April 2019. Retrieved 20 April 2019.
  8. ^ a b "UN envoy hails Libyans' keenness on holding municipal elections despite war". The Libya Observer. 20 April 2019. Archived from the original on 20 April 2019. Retrieved 20 April 2019.
  9. ^ a b Alharathy, Safa (28 April 2019). "Sabha holds municipal council elections". The Libya Observer. Archived from the original on 28 April 2019. Retrieved 29 April 2019.
  10. ^ a b "Central Committee for Municipal Elections confirms the election of six new mayors to municipal councils". The Libya Observer. 1 May 2019. Archived from the original on 1 May 2019. Retrieved 1 May 2019.
  11. ^ How Haftar lost the oil ports - as Libya moves closer to uncontrolled break-up Middle East Eye, 7 March 2017
  12. ^ Libya’s eastern parliament quits UN peace deal with Tripoli Al-Arabiya, 8 March 2017
  13. ^ HoR calls for presidential and parliamentary elections in Libya in early 2018 Libyan Express, 9 March 2017
  14. ^ Lewis, Aidan (30 May 2018). Libya's December election goal faces political, legal, security hurdles. Reuters.
  15. ^ French foreign minister visits Libya to boost election push. The New Arab. Published 23 July 2018.
  16. ^ Vagnoni, Giselda (8 August 2018). Italy's PM Conte sees no rush for Libyan election. Reuters.
  17. ^ Zaptia, Sami (9 August 2018). HoR denouncess Italian ambassador Perrone’s election comments – calls for his replacement. Libya Herald.
  18. ^ Zaptia, Sami (10 August 2018). Italian embassy in Tripoli denies Perrone requested delay in holding Libyan elections. Libya Herald.
  19. ^ "Hard to hold Libya elections in December: UN envoy". Agence France-Presse. 30 September 2018. Retrieved 9 November 2018.
  20. ^ Zaptia, Sami (14 November 2019). "Palermo Libya conference makes no major breakthrough, postpones elections, reaffirms LPA and Action Plan". Libya Herald. Retrieved 13 January 2019.
  21. ^ "Gaddafi's Son Calls for Libyan Elections 'As Soon As Possible,' But What is Russia's Role?". Fort Russ. 14 January 2019. Retrieved 15 January 2019.
  22. ^ Zaptia, Sami (9 April 2019). "UNSMIL postpones Ghadames National Conference until conditions are right". Libya Herald. Archived from the original on 9 April 2019. Retrieved 9 April 2019.
  23. ^ a b "About Us". High National Elections Commission. 2019. Archived from the original on 18 May 2019. Retrieved 19 May 2019.
  24. ^ a b "Project Document – Libya – Local Elections" (PDF). United Nations Development Programme. 4 February 2019. Archived (PDF) from the original on 1 May 2019. Retrieved 1 May 2019.
  25. ^ "The Board". High National Elections Commission. 2019. Archived from the original on 18 May 2019. Retrieved 19 May 2019.
  26. ^ "Libyan elections can be held in 2020: HoR speaker". 218 News. 17 June 2019. Retrieved 14 July 2019.
  27. ^ "Libya's Tripoli-based PM Al-Sarraj to stand down". Arab News. 16 September 2020. Retrieved 17 September 2020.
  28. ^ "Libya's UN-backed PM al-Sarraj says he plans to quit". Deutsche Welle. Retrieved 17 September 2020.
  29. ^ "Haftar ideiglenesen átadta líbiai hadsereg parancsnoki tisztségét" [Haftar has temporarily handed over the command of the Libyan army] (in Hungarian). MTI. 23 September 2021. Retrieved 25 September 2021.
  30. ^ a b "Libyan presidential elections get fiercer after Speaker files for candidacy". EgyptToday. 18 November 2021. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
  31. ^ "Interim leader Abdul Hamid Dbeibah to run for Libyan presidency". www.aljazeera.com. Retrieved 23 November 2021.
  32. ^ a b Zaptia, Sami (14 November 2021). "Saif Al-Islam Qaddafi registers to run in Libya's presidential elections". Libya Herald. Archived from the original on 14 November 2021. Retrieved 17 November 2021.
  33. ^ "Situation in the Libyan Arab Jamahiriya — Public — Warrant of Arrest for Saif Al-Islam Gaddafi" (PDF). International Criminal Court. 27 June 2011. Archived (PDF) from the original on 15 April 2019. Retrieved 15 April 2019.
  34. ^ Zaptia, Sami (16 November 2021). "Hafter announces he is running in Libya's presidential elections". Libya Herald. Archived from the original on 16 November 2021. Retrieved 17 November 2021.
  35. ^ Mina Aldroubi (23 November 2021). "Libya registers 98 candidates for presidential election in December". The National. Retrieved 23 November 2021.
  36. ^ "Aref Nayed Officially Submits His Candidacy Documents to HNEC for the Presidential Elections". Al Marsad. 17 November 2021. Retrieved 23 November 2021.
  37. ^ "Libya's powerful ex-minister announces bid for president". Associated Press. 18 November 2021. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
  38. ^ "Libya's Haftar announces he will run for presidential elections". Al Jazeera. 16 November 2021. Retrieved 16 November 2021.
  39. ^ Hincks, Joseph (9 April 2019). "Libya Is on the Brink of Civil War and a U.S. Citizen Is Responsible. Here's What to Know". Time. Archived from the original on 19 November 2021. Retrieved 29 March 2021.
  40. ^ Aydogan Kalabalik (21 November 2021). "Libyan premier Dbeibeh applies for presidential bid". Anadolu Agency. Retrieved 21 November 2021.
  41. ^ "Son of former Libyan leader Gaddafi to run for president". Al Jazeera. 14 November 2021. Retrieved 14 November 2021.
  42. ^ "Former Libyan PM Ali Zeidan runs for president, number of candidates reaches 10". Arab News. 17 November 2021. Archived from the original on 17 November 2021. Retrieved 17 November 2021.
  43. ^ "Libya's Haftar announces to run for presidential election". Egypt Today. 16 November 2021. Retrieved 16 November 2021.
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External links

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