Heer Ranjha
For 1970 Hindi movie of same name and characters, see Heer Raanjha
Heer Ranjha (Punjabi: ਹੀਰ ਰਾਂਝਾ, ہیر رانجھا, hīr rāñjhā) is one of the four popular tragic romances of the Punjab and Sindh. The other three are Mirza Sahiba, Sassi Punnun and Sohni Mahiwal,heer is among [queens] of Shah Abdul Latif Bhittai wrote poetry. There are several poetic narrations of the story, the most famous being 'Heer' by Waris Shah written in 1766. It tells the story of the love of Heer and her lover Ranjha. Well-known poetic narrations have also been written by Damodar Das Arora, Mukbaz and Ahmed Gujjar, among others.
Example
The invocation at the beginning
( The legends of the Panjab by RC Temple - Introduction by Kartar Singh Duggal published by Rupa and company - Volume two -Page 606 )
Rag Hir Ranjha
awal-akhir naam Allah da lena :duja dos Muhammad Miran:
tija naun mat pita da lena , unha da chunga dudh sariran:
Chautha naun an pani da lena , jis khave man banhe dhiran :
Panjman naun Dharti Mata da lena ,:jis par kadam takiman:
Chhewan naun Khwaja Pir da lena,Jhul pilave thande niran :
Satwan naun Guru Gorakhnath de lena , patal puje bhojan :
Athwan naun lalanwale da lena, bande bande de tabaq janjiran
Translation
Firstly, I take the name of God;
secondly, of the Great Muhammad, the friend (of God):
Thirdly, I takethe name of father and mother, on whose milk my body throve:
Fourthly,I take the name of bread and water, from eating which my heart is gladdened :
Fifthly, I take the name of Mother Earth, on whom I place my feet .
Sixthly, I take the name of Khwaja (Khazir, the Saint, that gives me cold water to drink:
Seventhly, I take the name of Guru Gorakh Nath whom I worship with a platter of milk and rice :
Eighthly, I take the name of Lalanwala (*1) that breaketh the bonds and the chains of the captives(*2)
Plot summary
Heer is an extremely beautiful woman, born into a wealthy Jatt family of the Sayyal clan in Jhang. Ranjha (whose first name is Dheedo; Ranjha is the surname), also a Jatt of the Ranjha clan, is the youngest of four brothers and lives in the village 'Takht Hazara' by the river Chenab. Being his father's favorite son, unlike his brothers who had to toil in the lands, he led a life of ease playing the flute ('Wanjhli'/'Bansuri'). After a quarrel with his brothers over land, Ranjha leaves home. In Waris Shah's version of the epic, it is said that Ranjha left his home because his brothers' wives refused to give him food. Eventually he arrives in Heer's village and falls in love with her. Heer offers Ranjha a job as caretaker of her father's cattle. She becomes mesmerised by the way Ranjha plays his flute and eventually falls in love with him. They meet each other secretly for many years until they are caught by Heer's jealous uncle, Kaido, and her parents Chuchak and Malki. Heer is forced by her family and the local priest or 'mullah' to marry another man called Saida Khera.
Ranjha is heartbroken. He is left to walk the quiet villages on his own until eventually he meets a 'Jogi' (ascetic). After meeting Baba Gorakhnath, the founder of the "Kanphata"(pierced ear) sect of ascetics('Jogis'), at 'Tilla Jogian' (the 'Hill of Ascetics', located 50 miles north of the historic town of Bhera, Sargodha District, Punjab (Pakistan)), Ranjha voluntarily becomes a Jogi, piercing his ears and renouncing the material world. Reciting the name of the Lord, "Alakh Niranjan", on his travels around the Punjab, he eventually finds the village where he is reunited with Heer.
The two return to Heer's village, where Heer's parents agree to their marriage. However, on the wedding day, Heer's jealous uncle Kaido poisons her food so that the wedding will not take place. Hearing this news, Ranjha rushes to aid Heer, but he is too late, as she has already eaten the poison and died. Brokenhearted once again, Ranjha takes the poisoned Laddu (sweet) which Heer has eaten and dies by her side.
Heer and Ranjha are buried in a Punjabi town in Pakistan called Jhang, Punjab. Lovers and others often pay visits to their mausoleum.
Waris Shah's version
It is believed that the poem of Heer and Ranjha had a happy ending but Waris Shah gave it the sad ending described above, thereby giving it the legendary status it now enjoys. It is argued by Waris Shah in the beginning of his version that the story of Heer and Ranjha has a deeper connotation - the relentless quest of man (humans) for God.