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Kherson

Coordinates: 46°38′33″N 32°37′30″E / 46.64250°N 32.62500°E / 46.64250; 32.62500
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This is an old revision of this page, as edited by 93.42.67.172 (talk) at 21:02, 20 March 2022. The present address (URL) is a permanent link to this revision, which may differ significantly from the current revision.

This article is about the city. For other uses, see Kherson (disambiguation).
For the Greek colony, see Chersonesus.

Kherson
Херсо́н
City of regional significance
(Top-to-bottom and left-to-right):
Flag of Kherson
Flag
Coat of arms of Kherson
Coat of arms
Kherson is located in Kherson Oblast
Kherson
Kherson
Location of Kherson
Kherson is located in Ukraine
Kherson
Kherson
Kherson (Ukraine)
Coordinates: 46°38′33″N 32°37′30″E / 46.64250°N 32.62500°E / 46.64250; 32.62500
Country Ukraine
OblastKherson Oblast
City RaionsKherson Raion
Dneprovski rayon
Suvorovski rayon
Komsomolski rayon
Founded18 June 1778
Occupied byRussia
Government
 • MayorIhor Kolykhaiev[1]
Area
 • Total135.7 km2 (52.4 sq mi)
Elevation
46.6 m (152.9 ft)
Population
 (2021)
 • TotalDecrease 283,649
Postal code
73000
Area code+380 552
Websitemiskrada.kherson.ua

Kherson (Ukrainian: Херсо́н, pronounced [xerˈsɔn] ⓘ; Russian: [xʲɪrˈson]) is a city in the south of Ukraine. It is the administrative center of Kherson Oblast and an economic center. Kherson is an important port on the Black Sea and on the Dnieper River, and the home of a major ship-building industry. It is the center of Kherson Raion and hosts the administration of Kherson urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine.[2] It has been under Russian occupation since 3 March 2022.[3] As of 2021, it had a population of 283,649 (2021 est.)[4].

History

The city was founded by the decree of Catherine the Great on 18 June 1778 on the high bank of the Dnieper as a central fortress of the Black Sea Fleet. 1783 saw the city granted the rights of a district town and the opening of a local shipyard. In the year the Kherson Shipping Company began operations. In 1803 the city became the capital of the Kherson Governorate. The city was occupied by the Third Reich from 19 August 1941 to 13 March 1944.

Since 2014, Kherson has housed the office of the Ukrainian President's representative in Crimea.[5]

Until 18 July 2020, Kherson was incorporated as a city of oblast significance and the center of Kherson Municipality. The municipality was abolished in July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Kherson Oblast to five. The area of Kherson Municipality was merged into newly established Kherson Raion.[6][7]

The city was a site of heavy fighting in the first days of the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine (Kherson offensive).[8] The city was reported to be under Russian control as of 2 March 2022.[9][10] Under the Russian occupation, locals continued to stage street protests against the invading army's presence and in support of the unity of Ukraine.[11] According to the Ukrainian government, the Russian military sought to create a puppet Kherson People's Republic in the style of the Russian-backed separatist polities in the Donbas region and tried to coerce local councilors into endorsing the move, detaining those activists and officials who opposed their design.[12]

Etymology

It was named after the city-colony of Chersonesos, located in Crimea, as the first city from the Greek project of Grigory Potemkin and Catherine the Great. The ancient name Chersonese is from the Greek word Χερσόνησος chersonesos 'peninsula, shore'.[13][14]

Demographics

Ethnicity

As of Ukrainian National Census (2001), the ethnic groups living within Kherson were:

Languages

Languages 1897[15] 2001[16]
Ukrainian 19.6% 53.4%
Russian 47.2% 45.3%
Yiddish 29.1%
Polish 1.7%
German 0.7%

Population

Year Population
1790 24,000
1926 58,000
1939 97,000
1959 158,000
1981 361,000
2004 354,000
2007 329,000
2020 283,338

Administrative divisions

There are three city raions.

  • Suvorov Raion, central and oldest district of the city, named after the Russian General Suvorov. Includes department's: Tavrіjs'kij, Pіvnіchnij and Mlini.
  • Dnipro Raion, named after the Dnieper river. Includes departments: HBK, Tekstilny, Sklotara, Slobіdka, Voyenka, Skhіdny.
  • Korabelny Raion. Includes departments: Shumensky, Korabel, Zabalka, Sukharne, Zhitloselishche, Selishche — 4, Selishche — 5.

Climate

Under the Köppen climate classification, Kherson has a humid continental climate (Dfa).[17]

Climate data for Kherson (1991–2020, extremes 1955–present)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 15.2
(59.4) 		18.6
(65.5) 		22.7
(72.9) 		32.0
(89.6) 		37.7
(99.9) 		39.5
(103.1) 		40.5
(104.9) 		40.7
(105.3) 		36.4
(97.5) 		32.0
(89.6) 		21.8
(71.2) 		17.2
(63.0) 		40.7
(105.3)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 1.4
(34.5) 		3.1
(37.6) 		8.8
(47.8) 		16.5
(61.7) 		22.9
(73.2) 		27.5
(81.5) 		30.3
(86.5) 		30.1
(86.2) 		23.7
(74.7) 		16.1
(61.0) 		8.4
(47.1) 		3.3
(37.9) 		16.0
(60.8)
Daily mean °C (°F) −1.6
(29.1) 		−0.6
(30.9) 		4.1
(39.4) 		10.6
(51.1) 		16.7
(62.1) 		21.2
(70.2) 		23.8
(74.8) 		23.3
(73.9) 		17.5
(63.5) 		10.9
(51.6) 		4.7
(40.5) 		0.4
(32.7) 		10.9
(51.6)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) −4.4
(24.1) 		−3.8
(25.2) 		0.0
(32.0) 		5.0
(41.0) 		10.6
(51.1) 		15.3
(59.5) 		17.5
(63.5) 		16.7
(62.1) 		11.8
(53.2) 		6.3
(43.3) 		1.6
(34.9) 		−2.2
(28.0) 		6.2
(43.2)
Record low °C (°F) −26.3
(−15.3) 		−24.4
(−11.9) 		−20.2
(−4.4) 		−7.9
(17.8) 		−1.5
(29.3) 		5.5
(41.9) 		9.2
(48.6) 		6.6
(43.9) 		−5.0
(23.0) 		−7.6
(18.3) 		−16.2
(2.8) 		−22.2
(−8.0) 		−26.3
(−15.3)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 33
(1.3) 		28
(1.1) 		30
(1.2) 		32
(1.3) 		43
(1.7) 		59
(2.3) 		44
(1.7) 		29
(1.1) 		38
(1.5) 		36
(1.4) 		34
(1.3) 		38
(1.5) 		444
(17.5)
Average extreme snow depth cm (inches) 2
(0.8) 		3
(1.2) 		1
(0.4) 		0
(0) 		0
(0) 		0
(0) 		0
(0) 		0
(0) 		0
(0) 		0
(0) 		0
(0) 		1
(0.4) 		3
(1.2)
Average rainy days 9 7 9 12 11 11 9 6 9 9 12 10 114
Average snowy days 11 10 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.3 4 8 39
Average relative humidity (%) 85.5 82.1 77.1 68.5 64.8 65.3 62.1 60.7 68.4 76.4 84.9 86.8 73.6
Mean monthly sunshine hours 63.7 82.7 134.2 193.3 275.8 294.7 318.5 301.5 228.4 153.8 77.6 50.1 2,174.3
Source 1: Pogoda.ru.net[18]
Source 2: World Meteorological Organization (humidity and sun 1981–2010)[19]

Transport

Rail

Kherson Railway Station [uk]

Kherson is connected to the national railroad network of Ukraine. There are daily long-distance services to Kyiv, Lviv and other cities.

Air

Kherson is served by Kherson International Airport. It operates a 2,500 x 42-meter concrete runway, accommodating Boeing 737, Airbus 319/320 aircraft, and helicopters of all series.

The official airport website is https://khe.aero and additional info can be found at http://www.aisukraine.net.

Education

Kherson State Maritime Academy [uk]

There are 77 high schools as well as 5 colleges. There are 15 institutions of higher education, including:

The documentary Dixie Land was filmed at a music school in Kherson.[20]

Main sights

St. Catherine's Cathedral, Kherson

People

Twin cities

References

  1. ^ (in Ukrainian) The mayor of Kherson became the people's deputy majoritarian Archived 22 November 2020 at the Wayback Machine, Ukrayinska Pravda (16 November 2020)
  2. ^ "Херсонская громада" (in Russian). Портал об'єднаних громад України. Archived from the original on 27 August 2021. Retrieved 26 September 2021.
  3. ^ "Kherson regional administration captured by Russia". 3 March 2022.
  4. ^ Чисельність наявного населення України на 1 січня 2021 [Number of Present Population of Ukraine, as of January 1, 2021] (PDF) (in Ukrainian and English). Kyiv: State Statistics Service of Ukraine.
  5. ^ Official website Archived 3 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine. Presidential representative of Ukraine in Crimea.
  6. ^ "Про утворення та ліквідацію районів. Постанова Верховної Ради України № 807-ІХ". Голос України (in Ukrainian). 18 July 2020. Archived from the original on 9 July 2021. Retrieved 3 October 2020.
  7. ^ "Нові райони: карти + склад" (in Ukrainian). Міністерство розвитку громад та територій України. 17 July 2020. Archived from the original on 2 March 2021. Retrieved 26 September 2021.
  8. ^ Reuters (26 February 2022). "Fighting under way near Kherson, Mykolaiv, Odessa - Ukrainian official". Reuters. Archived from the original on 26 February 2022. Retrieved 26 February 2022. {{cite news}}: |last= has generic name (help)
  9. ^ Oliphant, Roland (2 March 2022). "Vladimir Putin set to 'cut Ukraine in two' as key city of Kherson falls to Russians". The Telegraph. Retrieved 3 March 2022.
  10. ^ "Kherson falls — Kyiv under fire — Mariupol tragedy". 3 March 2022. Retrieved 3 March 2022.
  11. ^ "Crowds take to the streets of Kherson". BBC News. 13 March 2022. Retrieved 13 March 2022.
  12. ^ "Missing reporter among several journalists, activists and officials said to be detained by Russian forces". CNN. 19 March 2022. Retrieved 19 March 2022.
  13. ^ Янко М.Т. (1998). Топонімічний словник України: словник-довідник.
  14. ^ Лучик В.В. (2014). Етимологічний словник топонімів України.
  15. ^ Национальный состав населения городов (по языку) Archived 13 August 2015 at the Wayback Machine Всероссийская перепись населения 1897
  16. ^ Ukrainian census in Kherson Oblast[permanent dead link]. State Statistics Service.
  17. ^ Peel, M. C. and Finlayson, B. L. and McMahon, T. A. (2007). "Updated world map of the Köppen–Geiger climate classification" (PDF). Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. 11 (5): 1633–1644. Bibcode:2007HESS...11.1633P. doi:10.5194/hess-11-1633-2007. ISSN 1027-5606. Archived (PDF) from the original on 3 February 2012.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  18. ^ "Pogoda.ru.net" (in Russian). May 2011. Archived from the original on 14 December 2019. Retrieved 8 November 2021.
  19. ^ "World Meteorological Organization Climate Normals for 1981–2010". World Meteorological Organization. Archived from the original on 17 July 2021. Retrieved 17 July 2021.
  20. ^ Bondarchuk, Roman. "Dixie Land". Cineuropa. Archived from the original on 8 May 2021. Retrieved 24 February 2021.
  21. ^ "KHERSON". JewishEncyclopedia.com. Archived from the original on 22 September 2012. Retrieved 19 August 2012.
  22. ^ Levy, Clifford J. "Georgi A. Arbatov, a Bridge Between Cold War Superpowers, Is Dead at 87" Archived 6 February 2015 at the Wayback Machine, The New York Times, 2 October 2010. Accessed 4 October 2010.
  23. ^ "Self-destructive dance superstar Sergei Polunin: 'Ukraine put me on a list of terrorists'". TheGuardian.com. 7 March 2019. Archived from the original on 6 February 2022. Retrieved 7 February 2022.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Kherson.
Look up kherson in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.
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