PMSF: Difference between revisions
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In [[biochemistry]], ''''phenylmethanesulfonylfluoride''' or '''phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride''' ('''PMSF''') is a serine protease inhibitor commonly used in the preparation of [[cell lysate]]s. PMSF does not inhibit all [[serine protease]]s{{Citation needed|date=January 2011}}. It is rapidly degraded in water and stock solutions are usually made up in anhydrous [[ethanol]], [[isopropanol]], [[corn oil]], or [[Dimethyl sulfoxide|DMSO]]. Proteolytic inhibition occurs when a concentration between 0.1 - 1 mM PMSF is used. The half-life is short in aqueous solutions (110 min at pH 7, 55 min at pH 7.5, and 35 min at pH 8, all at 25 °C).<ref>{{cite journal | author = GT James | journal = Analytical Biochemistry | volume = 86 | issue = 2 | pages = 574–9 | year = 1978 | title = Inactivation of the protease inhibitor phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride in buffers | pmid = 26289 | doi = 10.1016/0003-2697(78)90784-4}}</ref> |
In [[biochemistry]], ''''phenylmethanesulfonylfluoride''' or '''phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride''' ('''PMSF''') is a [[serine protease inhibitor]] commonly used in the preparation of [[cell lysate]]s. PMSF does not inhibit all [[serine protease]]s{{Citation needed|date=January 2011}}. It is rapidly degraded in water and stock solutions are usually made up in anhydrous [[ethanol]], [[isopropanol]], [[corn oil]], or [[Dimethyl sulfoxide|DMSO]]. Proteolytic inhibition occurs when a concentration between 0.1 - 1 mM PMSF is used. The half-life is short in aqueous solutions (110 min at pH 7, 55 min at pH 7.5, and 35 min at pH 8, all at 25 °C).<ref>{{cite journal | author = GT James | journal = Analytical Biochemistry | volume = 86 | issue = 2 | pages = 574–9 | year = 1978 | title = Inactivation of the protease inhibitor phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride in buffers | pmid = 26289 | doi = 10.1016/0003-2697(78)90784-4}}</ref> |
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PMSF binds specifically to the active site [[serine]] residue in a serine protease. It does not bind to any other serine residues in the protein. This is a result of the hyperactivity of that serine residue caused by the specific environmental conditions in the enzyme's active site. Because PMSF binds covalently to the enzyme, the complex can be viewed by X-ray crystallography; it can therefore be used as a chemical label to identify an essential active site serine in an enzyme. |
PMSF binds specifically to the active site [[serine]] residue in a serine protease. It does not bind to any other serine residues in the protein. This is a result of the hyperactivity of that serine residue caused by the specific environmental conditions in the enzyme's active site. Because PMSF binds covalently to the enzyme, the complex can be viewed by X-ray crystallography; it can therefore be used as a chemical label to identify an essential active site serine in an enzyme. |
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Revision as of 09:33, 29 September 2015
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| Names | |
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| IUPAC name
phenylmethanesulfonyl fluoride
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| Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol)
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| ChEBI | |
| ChEMBL | |
| ChemSpider | |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.005.774 |
| KEGG | |
| MeSH | Phenylmethylsulfonyl+fluoride |
PubChem CID
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CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
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| Properties | |
| C7H7FO2S | |
| Molar mass | 174.194 |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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In biochemistry, 'phenylmethanesulfonylfluoride or phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride (PMSF) is a serine protease inhibitor commonly used in the preparation of cell lysates. PMSF does not inhibit all serine proteases[citation needed]. It is rapidly degraded in water and stock solutions are usually made up in anhydrous ethanol, isopropanol, corn oil, or DMSO. Proteolytic inhibition occurs when a concentration between 0.1 - 1 mM PMSF is used. The half-life is short in aqueous solutions (110 min at pH 7, 55 min at pH 7.5, and 35 min at pH 8, all at 25 °C).[1]
PMSF binds specifically to the active site serine residue in a serine protease. It does not bind to any other serine residues in the protein. This is a result of the hyperactivity of that serine residue caused by the specific environmental conditions in the enzyme's active site. Because PMSF binds covalently to the enzyme, the complex can be viewed by X-ray crystallography; it can therefore be used as a chemical label to identify an essential active site serine in an enzyme.
- Enzyme(active)Ser-O-H + F-SO2CH2C6H5 → EnzymeSer-O-SO2CH2C6H5 + HF
- Serine protease + PMSF → Irreversible enzyme-PMS complex + HF
The LD50 is less than 500 mg/kg[citation needed]. PMSF is a cytotoxic chemical which should be handled only inside a fume hood.
PMSF is commonly used in protein solublization in order to deactivate proteases from digesting proteins of interest after cell lysis.
References
- ^ GT James (1978). "Inactivation of the protease inhibitor phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride in buffers". Analytical Biochemistry. 86 (2): 574–9. doi:10.1016/0003-2697(78)90784-4. PMID 26289.
External links
- The MEROPS online database for peptidases and their inhibitors: PMSF