PMSF

PMSF
Names
	IUPAC name phenylmethanesulfonyl fluoride
Identifiers
CAS Number	329-98-6 ;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
ChEBI	CHEBI:8102 ;
ChEMBL	ChEMBL190503 ;
ChemSpider	4620 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.005.774
KEGG	C06747 ;
MeSH	Phenylmethylsulfonyl+fluoride
PubChem CID	4784;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID6059819 ;
	InChI InChI=1S/C7H7FO2S/c8-11(9,10)6-7-4-2-1-3-5-7/h1-5H,6H2 Key: YBYRMVIVWMBXKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ; InChI=1/C7H7FO2S/c8-11(9,10)6-7-4-2-1-3-5-7/h1-5H,6H2 Key: YBYRMVIVWMBXKQ-UHFFFAOYAF;
	SMILES O=S(F)(=O)Cc1ccccc1;
Properties
Chemical formula	C7H7FO2S
Molar mass	174.194
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). verify (what is ?) Infobox references

In biochemistry, 'phenylmethanesulfonylfluoride or phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride (PMSF) is a serine protease inhibitor commonly used in the preparation of cell lysates. PMSF does not inhibit all serine proteases^{[citation needed]}. It is rapidly degraded in water and stock solutions are usually made up in anhydrous ethanol, isopropanol, corn oil, or DMSO. Proteolytic inhibition occurs when a concentration between 0.1 - 1 mM PMSF is used. The half-life is short in aqueous solutions (110 min at pH 7, 55 min at pH 7.5, and 35 min at pH 8, all at 25 °C).^[1]

PMSF binds specifically to the active site serine residue in a serine protease. It does not bind to any other serine residues in the protein. This is a result of the hyperactivity of that serine residue caused by the specific environmental conditions in the enzyme's active site. Because PMSF binds covalently to the enzyme, the complex can be viewed by X-ray crystallography; it can therefore be used as a chemical label to identify an essential active site serine in an enzyme.

Enzyme(active)Ser-O-H + F-SO₂CH₂C₆H₅ → EnzymeSer-O-SO₂CH₂C₆H₅ + HF

Serine protease + PMSF → Irreversible enzyme-PMS complex + HF

The LD₅₀ is less than 500 mg/kg^{[citation needed]}. PMSF is a cytotoxic chemical which should be handled only inside a fume hood.

PMSF is commonly used in protein solublization in order to deactivate proteases from digesting proteins of interest after cell lysis.

References

^ GT James (1978). "Inactivation of the protease inhibitor phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride in buffers". Analytical Biochemistry. 86 (2): 574–9. doi:10.1016/0003-2697(78)90784-4. PMID 26289.

External links

The MEROPS online database for peptidases and their inhibitors: PMSF

[1] GT James (1978). "Inactivation of the protease inhibitor phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride in buffers". Analytical Biochemistry. 86 (2): 574–9. doi:10.1016/0003-2697(78)90784-4. PMID 26289.

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