Petasecond
A petasecond (symbol: Ps) is one quadrillion (1015) seconds, or roughly 32 million years[1]. This page lists times between 1 and 1000 petaseconds, or 32 million and 32 billion years (1015 seconds and 1018 seconds). This timescale encompasses the entire timeline of the Universe up to present time.
Cyclic Periods
- 250 million years-One Galactic year - a revolution around the center of the Milky way of our Sun and the Solar system.
- 1 billion years-1 eon (3.16 × 1016 seconds)
- 4.32 billion years: one kalpa, or half a day in the lifetime of Brahma, in Hindu mythology.[2]
- 10 billion years: expected main sequence lifetime of a G2 dwarf star (like the Sun)
History of the Universe
- 49 million years ago: whales return to the water
- 60 million years ago: evolution of the first primates and rodents.
- 65 million years ago: Cretaceous-Tertiary extinction event at the end of the Cretaceous period (end of the Mesozoic era); start of the Tertiary period (Cenozoic era). End of the age of the dinosaurs.
- 135 million years ago: end of Jurassic and beginning of Cretaceous Period. First birds.
- 195 million years ago: end of Triassic and beginning of Jurassic Period; first mammals.
- 251.4 million years ago: Permian mass extinction. End of Permian Period and of the Palaeozoic Era. Beginning of Triassic Period, the Mesozoic era and of the age of the dinosaurs.
- 315 million years ago: the evolution of the first reptiles.
- 400 million years ago: beginning of the Devonian and the end of the Silurian period. First insects.
- 420 million years ago: first creature took a breath of air
- 540 million years ago: beginning of the Cambrian and the end of the Precambrian period. Time since the Cambrian explosion the emergence of most forms of complex life, including vertebrates, arthropods, echinoderms and molluscs.
- 575 million years ago: oldest Animal fossils
- 600 million years ago: first complex multicelled lifeforms
- 1.8-2.1 billion years ago: earliest Eukaryotes
- 2.3 billion years ago: first known ice age
- 3.9 to 4.1 billion years ago: origin of life (cyanobacteria)
- 4.5 billion years: age of the Earth (see: Precambrian)
- 4.6 billion years ago: the solar system begins to form
- 13.2 billion years: age of the oldest known star, HE 1523-0901
- 13.7 ± 0.2 billion years (4e17 seconds): estimated age of the universe according to the Big Bang theory
Future of the Universe
- 40 million years — estimated period of time until Australia will collide with Asia. Also the estimated time until Mars's moon Phobos will collide with its surface.[1]
- 250 million years — Time until all the continents on Earth are formed into a new supercontinent[3]
- 1 billion years — point at which the Sun's increasing luminosity will render life on Earth's surface impossible.
- 3.0 billion years — time until the potential Andromeda–Milky Way collision, between the Milky Way and Andromeda galaxies
- 3.6 billion years — estimated time until Neptune's moon Triton will fall through the planet's Roche limit, potentially disintigrating into a new planetary ring system.
- 5.4 billion years — time before the Sun becomes a red giant
- 20 billion years — time until the end of the universe in the Big Rip scenario
Half lives
- 34.7 million years: half-life of niobium-92[1]
- 80 million years: half-life of plutonium-244
- 103.5 million years: half-life of samarium-146
- 703.8 million years: half-life of uranium-235
- 1.277 billion years: half-life of potassium-40
- 4.468 billion years: half-life of uranium-238
- 14.056 billion years: half-life of thorium-232
See Also
References
- ^ a b c "Everything2: Petasecond". Retrieved September 2010.
{{cite web}}: Check date values in:|accessdate=(help) - ^ Dan Falk (2009). In Search of Time. National Maritime Museum. p. 82.
- ^ Scotese, Christopher R. "Pangea Ultima will form 250 million years in the Future". Paleomap Project. Retrieved 2006-03-13.