Toyota C engine
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The Toyota C engine family was a series of inline-4 diesel engines. There were two earlier generations of an engine Toyota named as the "Type C". The first generation was introduced in 1940 as a modification of the Type A engine. This first "Type C" was installed in the Toyota AE. The second generation was the first diesel engine at 1500cc used in the CS20 series 1959 Toyota Crown in October 1959. Japanese market vehicles with diesel engines were exclusive to Toyota Japan dealerships called Toyota Diesel Shop locations from 1979 until the dealership was cancelled in 1988.
C
The original C engine was first introduced in October 11, 1958 in a prototype Crown Diesel (CS20) at the 5th Tokyo Motor Show with sales commencing in October 19 of the same year.[1] Derived from the R-series petrol engine, it has a displacement of 1,491 cc and produces 40 PS (29 kW).[2] It was underpowered, and due to the use of the insufficiently strong R-series block it was also not very durable. When the new 3R engine required a re-designed block, Toyota chose to cancel the C engine rather than re-engineer it.[3] Production ended in March 1961[1], and Toyota chose to focus on the more powerful diesel J engine which appeared in 1964.
Technical specifications[1]:
- Type:4-stroke Inline 4 cylinder, Swirl Chamber Indirect Injection Diesel
- Capacity: 1,491 cc
- Bore: 78 mm
- Stroke: 78 mm
- Compression Ratio: 19:1
- Power: 40 PS (29 kW; 39 hp) at 4000 rpm
- Torque: 8.5 kg⋅m (83 N⋅m; 61 lb⋅ft) at 2400 rpm
Features at a glance
Code | Capacity (cc) | Bore (mm) | Stroke (mm) | Injection | Turbo |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1C | 1839 | 83.0 | 85.0 | ||
1C-L | 1839 | 83.0 | 85.0 | ||
1C-LC | 1839 | 83.0 | 85.0 | ||
1C-TL | 1839 | 83.0 | 85.0 | turbo | |
1C-TLC | 1839 | 83.0 | 85.0 | turbo | |
2C | 1974 | 86.0 | 85.0 | ||
2C-L | 1974 | 86.0 | 85.0 | ||
2C-E | 1974 | 86.0 | 85.0 | EFI | |
2C-T | 1974 | 86.0 | 85.0 | turbo | |
2C-TL | 1974 | 86.0 | 85.0 | turbo | |
2C-TLC | 1974 | 86.0 | 85.0 | turbo | |
2C-TE | 1974 | 86.0 | 85.0 | EFI | turbo |
3C | 2184 | 86 | 94 | ||
3C-E | 2184 | 86 | 94 | EFI | |
3C-T | 2184 | 86 | 94 | turbo | |
3C-TE | 2184 | 86 | 94 | EFI | turbo |
1C
1C | |
---|---|
Overview | |
Manufacturer | Toyota |
Layout | |
Displacement | 1.8 L (1839 cc) |
Cylinder bore | 83.0 mm |
Piston stroke | 85.0 mm |
Valvetrain | SOHC |
Compression ratio | 22.5:1 - 23.0:1 |
Combustion | |
Fuel type | diesel |
1C, 1C-L, 1C-LC
The First Generation 1C was first introduced in the 7th Generation Corona in January 26, 1982[4] and May,12 1983 for transversely mounted applications as the 1C-L in the Front wheel drive models of the 5th Generation Corolla.[5] It used a direct drive OHC mechanism that would later be adopted by the L series engine.
Technical specifications(1C/1C-L):
- Type:Inline 4, Precombustion Chamber Indirect Injection Diesel
- Fuel injection system:Distributor Type
- Capacity: 1,839 cc
- Bore: 83 mm
- Stroke: 85 mm
- Compression Ratio: 22.5:1
Applications:
63 PS (46 kW; 62 hp) at 4500 rpm, 11.3 kg⋅m (111 N⋅m; 82 lb⋅ft) at 3000 rpm (Japan,Gross JIS)
- CR26 TownAce Van 1982-1988 (Japan only)[6]
- CM20/25 LiteAce Van /LiteAce Truck/TownAce Van 1982-1986[7][8][9]
65 PS (48 kW; 64 hp) at 4500 rpm, 11.5 kg⋅m (113 N⋅m; 83 lb⋅ft) at 3000 rpm (Japan,Gross JIS)
- CA60/67 Carina 1.2.1982-1988[10]
- CE70/71/72 Corolla/Sprinter 8.2.1982-1987[11]
- CE80 Corolla/Sprinter 1983-1987[5]
- CT140/147 Corona 1.26.1982-1987[4]
1C-II
The second generation 1C engine updated with a higher compression ratio of 23:1
Applications:
64 PS (47 kW; 63 hp) at 4700 rpm, 12 kg⋅m (118 N⋅m; 87 lb⋅ft) at 2600 rpm (Japan,Net JIS)
- CE90/91/96/97 Corolla/Sprinter 1987-1990[12][13][14][15][16]
- CM35/50 LiteAce Van 1985-1989 (Japan only)[17][18][19] (may also be available in Australia-CM35RVMRSBEQ)
1C-III
Uprated version of the 1C-II
Applications:
67 PS (49 kW; 66 hp) at 4700 rpm, 12.5 kg⋅m (123 N⋅m; 90 lb⋅ft) at 3000 rpm (Japan,Net JIS)
1C-TL, 1C-TLC
Introduced in August 18,1983 in the V10-series Camry/Vista it is the turbocharged version of the first generation 1C.[21] This model was only installed in the V10-series Camry/Vista . The European model premiered at the 1983 Frankfurt Motor Show and produces 73 PS (54 kW) at 4500 rpm and 145 N⋅m (107 lb⋅ft) at 2600 rpm.[22]
Applications:
73 PS (54 kW; 72 hp) at 4700 rpm, 14.8 kg⋅m (145 N⋅m; 107 lb⋅ft) at 2600 rpm (Europe)
80 PS (59 kW; 79 hp) at 4700 rpm, 15.5 kg⋅m (152 N⋅m; 112 lb⋅ft) at 2400 rpm (Japan,Gross JIS)
2C
2C | |
---|---|
Overview | |
Manufacturer | Toyota |
Production | 1983- |
Layout | |
Displacement | 2.0 L (1974 cc) |
Cylinder bore | 86.0 mm |
Piston stroke | 85.0 mm |
Valvetrain | SOHC |
Compression ratio | 23.0:1 |
Combustion | |
Fuel type | diesel |
Cooling system | water cooling |
Dimensions | |
Dry weight | 400 lbs |
The 2C was a long running diesel engine, with some models (e.g. Corona, Townace, Liteace) receiving the turbo version 2C-T which provided 65 kW. It was replaced by the more economical 3C-TE in the above models from 1999.
2C, 2C-L
Output:
- 2C, 2C-L: 73 hp (54 kW) at 4700 rpm, and torque 97 lb·ft (132 N·m) at 3000 rpm
Applications:
- CT190/196/198 Caldina 1992-1998 (Japan)
- CT150 Carina 1984-1988 (Japan)
- CT170/176 Carina 1988-1992 (Japan)
- CT190/195 Carina 1992-1996 (Japan)
- CT150 Carina II 1983-1987 (Europe)
- CT170 Carina II 1987-1992 (Europe)
- CT190 Carina E 1992-1996 (Europe)
- CE95 Corolla 1989-1991 (Japan)
- CE100/104/106/108/109 Corolla 1991-1998
- CE110/114 Corolla 1995-2001
- CE120 Corolla (Altis) 2001-2004 (Asia)
- CE140 Corolla (Altis) (Asia)
- CT141 Corona taxi 1986-1991
- CT150 Corona 1983-1987
- CT170/176/177 Corona 1987-1992
- CT190/195 Corona 1992-1996
- CXC10 Deliboy 1991-1994
- CM26 LiteAce / TownAce 1985-1986 (Japan)
- CM30/31/36/41 LiteAce 1985-1992
- CM51/52/55/60/61/65 LiteAce / TownAce 1989-1999 (Japan)
- CR21/27/28/36 LiteAce / TownAce 1984-1996
- CR41/51 LiteAce / TownAce 1996-1989 (Japan)
- CE95 Sprinter 1989-1991 (Japan)
- CE100/104/106/108/109 Sprinter 1991-1998 (Japan)
- CE110/114 Sprinter 1995-1998 (Japan)
- CF50 Kijang / Tamaraw FX / Qualis / Venture / Stallion 1994-1998 (South East Asia)
2C-E
EFI version. 89 bhp (66 kW)
Applications:
- CE110 Corolla 1995-2001
2C-T, 2C-TL, 2C-TLC
Turbocharged version.
Applications:
- CT190 Caldina 1994-1997 (Japan only)
- CT210/215 Carina 1996-1998 (Japan only)
- CT190 Carina E 1996-1997 (Europe only)
- CT220 Avensis 1997-2000 (ex. Europe)
- CV11 Camry 1985-1986
- CV20 Camry 1986-1991
- CV30 Camry 1990-1994 (Japan only)
- CT190 Corona 1996-1997 (ex. Japan)
- CT210/215 Corona 1996-1997 (Japan only)
- CM30/40 LiteAce 1985-1992 (Japan only)
- CR21/28/30/37 LiteAce / TownAce 1984-1992 (Japan only)
- CV11 Vista 1985-1986 (Japan only)
- CV20 Vista 1988-1990 (Japan only)
- CV30 Vista 1990-1994 (Japan only)
2C-TE
Turbocharged version with EFI.
Applications:
- CT220 Avensis 1997-2000 (Europe only)
3C
3C | |
---|---|
Overview | |
Manufacturer | Toyota |
Layout | |
Displacement | 2.2 L (2184 cc) |
Cylinder bore | 86.0 mm |
Piston stroke | 94.0 mm |
Valvetrain | SOHC |
Combustion | |
Fuel type | diesel |
Although having a larger displacement than the 2C-T, the 3C-TE was more economical and powerful at 94 kW. The C series engines were replaced by the CD series in the European market, while Toyota stopped selling diesel models in Japan after the 3C-TE.
3C-E
EFI version.
79.0 PS (58.0 kW; 78.0 HP) at 4,400 rpm
Applications:
- CT197/199 Caldina 1998-? (Japan only)
- CE101/102/105/107 Corolla 1998-2002 (Japan only)
- CE113/116 Corolla 1998-2000 (Japan only)
- CE121 Corolla 2000-2002 (Japan only)
- CM70/75/80/85 LiteAce / TownAce 1999–present (Japan only)
- CR42/52 LiteAce / TownAce 1998-2006 (Japan only)
- CE102/105/107 Sprinter 1998-2002 (Japan only)
- CE113/116 Sprinter 1998-2000 (Japan only)
3C-T
Turbocharged version.
From 88.0 PS (65.0 kW; 87.0 HP) at 4,000 rpm to 91.0 PS (67.0 kW; 90.0 HP) at 4,000 rpm
Applications:
- CV40/43 Camry 1994-1998 (Japan only)
- CXR10/11/20/21 Estima 1992-1993 (Japan only)
- CR22/29/31/38 LiteAce / TownAce 1993-1996 (Japan only)
- CR40/50 LiteAce Noah / TownAce Noah 1996-2001 (Japan only)
- CV40/43 Vista 1994-1998 (Japan only)
3C-TE
Turbocharged version with EFI
From 94.0 PS (69.0 kW; 92.0 HP) at 4,400 rpm to 100.0 PS (74.0 kW; 99.0 HP) at 4,200 rpm
Applications:
- CT216 Caldina 1998-2002 (Japan only)
- CT211/216 Carina 1998-2001 (Japan only)
- CT211/216 Corona 1997-2001 (Japan only)
- CXR10/11/20/21 Estima 1993-1999 (Japan only)
- CXM10 Gaia 1998-2004 (Japan only)
- CXM10 Ipsum 1997-2001 (Japan only)
- CXM10 Picnic 1997-2001 (Europe only)
References
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- ^ GP企画センター [GP Planning Center], ed. (2006). 日本自動車史年表 [History Timeline of the Japanese automobile]. Tokyo, Japan: GP Publications. ISBN 978-4-87687-286-2.
- ^ "Section 8. Debut of the Toyopet Crown, a Full-Fledged Passenger Car: Item 2. Development of Large Trucks, Four-wheel-drive Vehicles, and Diesel Engines (d)". 75-Year History. Archived from the original on 2019-03-10.
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- ^ "60009177 Sprinter Van 1st". www.toyota.co.jp. Retrieved 2020-10-20.
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