Kido Witbooi
Cupido Witbooi, variations: Kido and Kiwitti Witbooi,[1] Nama name: ǂA-ǁêib ǃGâmemab, (c. 1780 – 31 December 1875) was the first Kaptein[2] of the ǀKhowesin (Witbooi Nama), a subtribe of the Orlam[3] of South-West Africa, present-day Namibia.[4]
Witbooi was born in Pella in South Africa in 1780 where several small clans had moved from Cape Town in the second half of the 18th century. His father, Gamab, and his mother, U-eis, belonged to different tribes. At the time of their marriage the respective tribal councils agreed to merge into one larger group and decided that Gamab's and U-eis' first-born son should assume the chieftaincy of the united clan.[5] Thus when Kido came of age in 1805, the councils made him leader of the ǀKhowesin.[4]
Under his leadership the clan trekked first to Griqualand[4] and then, around 1810,[6] across the Oranje to Namaqualand in South-West Africa.[4] Around 1850 Witbooi and his clan had been invited by Jonker Afrikaner to travel to Windhoek.[6] Their fellow Nama chiefs feared that an alliance of Jonker Afrikaner and Kido Witbooi, both admired for their intelligence, would diminish their own influence in South-West Africa. ǁHawoben chief Hendrik Hendricks sent a message to chief ǁOaseb of the Khaiǁkhaun asking him to stop Kido. Yet when ǁOaseb replied, nobody in the ǁHawoben clan could read. Kido passed both territories undisturbed and reached Khaxa-tsûs in 1863, which he renamed Gibeon.[4]
Kido Witbooi died on 31 December 1875. He was married to ǀGâbes and to ǀU-khoms. He had at least 2 children: Johanna (born 1868) and Moses Witbooi (born 1808) who succeeded him as Kaptein of the ǀKhowesin.[4] Gibeon has been the home town of the Witbooi Nama ever since.[6]
References
[edit]Notes
[edit]- ^ Witbooi, Hendrik. "Die dagboek van Hendrik Witbooi, Kaptein van die Witbooi-Hottentotte 1884–1905" [The diaries of Hendrik Witbooi, Chief of the Witbooi Hottentots 1884–1905] (in Afrikaans). Digitale Bibliotheek voor de Nederlandse Letteren. Retrieved 17 February 2015.
- ^ Tonchi, Lindeke & Grotpeter 2012, p. 271.
- ^ Dedering, Tilman (1997). Hate the old and follow the new: Khoekhoe and missionaries in early nineteenth-century Namibia. Vol. 2 (Missionsgeschichtliches Archiv ed.). Franz Steiner Verlag. pp. 59–61. ISBN 978-3-515-06872-7. Retrieved 7 February 2011.
The remaining two Oorlam groups, the Berseba people and the Witboois
- ^ a b c d e f Dierks, Klaus. "Biographies of Namibian Personalities, W". Retrieved 6 February 2015.
- ^ "Securing the right to the land 1806–1873". Annals of the South African Museum. 109–110: 23. 2003. ISBN 9780868131825.
- ^ a b c Tonchi, Lindeke & Grotpeter 2012, p. 472.
Literature
[edit]- Tonchi, Victor L; Lindeke, William A; Grotpeter, John J (2012). Historical Dictionary of Namibia. Historical Dictionaries of Africa, African historical dictionaries (2 ed.). Scarecrow Press. ISBN 9780810879904.
Captains of the Orlam | ||
|---|---|---|
| Orlam Afrikaner ǀAixaǀaen |
|  |
| Berseba Orlam ǀHaiǀkhauan |
1of the faction supporting SWAPO; 2of the faction supporting DTA; 3leader of the reunified group; | |
| Bethanie Orlam ǃAman |
4of the faction supporting the German Empire; 5of the faction opposing German Empire;; | |
| Khauas Nama Kaiǀkhauan |
| |
| Witbooi Orlam ǀKhowesin |
6acting | |