List of foreign ships wrecked or lost in the Spanish Civil War
Appearance
The following is a list of foreign ships wrecked or lost during the Spanish Civil War (1936–1939). Only one of these vessels lost belonged to a foreign navy – Chasseur 91, a French antisubmarine patrol boat – the remainder being civilian ships from different countries, most of them merchantmen involved in maritime trade with the Spanish Republic.
List of ships
[edit]Foreign ships sunk, wrecked or lost while involved in shipping along Spain from July 1936 to April 1939.[1]
British flag
[edit]Name and date of loss | Ship's owner | Type of incident | Aftermath |
---|---|---|---|
22 January 1939 |
Air attack at Barcelona | Raised by Nationalist ships on 18 April 1939, confiscated and renamed Castillo Montjuich | |
4 February 1938 |
Air attack off Barcelona | Sunk in deep waters | |
27 June 1938 |
Air attack at Valencia | Set ablaze - Towed outside the port and sunk | |
9 August 1936 |
Surface action - Shelled by the Nationalist cruiser Almirante Cervera at Gijon |
Yacht wrecked, skipper killed. American owner Eloise Drake and two members of the crew wounded, rescued by destroyer HMS Comet.[2][3][nb 1] | |
27 July 1938 |
Air attack at Gandia | Raised by Nationalist ships on 10 May 1939, confiscated and renamed Castilla Montesa | |
30 November 1938 |
Air attack at Águilas | Raised by Nationalist ships in 1940, confiscated and renamed Castillo Vera | |
21 January 1938 |
Torpedoed and sunk by the Nationalist submarine General Sanjurjo off Cape Tiñoso |
Sunk in deep waters. Submarine's commander dismissed after British protest | |
6 June 1938 |
Campsa-Gentibus, Madrid |
Air attack at Alicante | Raised by Nationalist ships on 26 April 1939, confiscated and renamed Castillo Almenara |
27 June 1938 |
Air attack at Alicante | Raised by Nationalist ships on 27 June 1939, confiscated and renamed Castillo Montiel | |
27 June 1937 |
Air attack at Valencia | Raised by Nationalist ships in 1940, confiscated and renamed Castillo Riaza | |
28 May 1938 |
Air attack at Valencia | Raised by Nationalist ships on 24 November 1938, confiscated and renamed Castillo Noreña | |
9 June 1938 |
Air attack at Castellon | Raised by Nationalist ships in 1939, confiscated and renamed Castillo Frías | |
30 October 1937 |
Air attack off Santander | Sunk in deep waters | |
28 January 1939 |
Sunk in shallow waters | ||
10 February 1938 |
Air attack at Valencia | Raised by Nationalist ships on 24 May 1939, confiscated and renamed Castillo Benisano | |
24 January 1939 |
Campsa-Gentibus, Madrid |
Air attack at Barcelona | Raised by Nationalist ships in 1940 and confiscated, but eventually scrapped in 1944 |
31 May 1938 |
Air attack off Valencia | Sunk in deep waters | |
6 June 1938 |
Air attack at Alicante | Heavily damaged. Hull sold to an Italian company which rebuilt her as Capo Vita.[7] | |
4 November 1938 |
Internal explosion off Sète, France, while on passage to Barcelona | Beached and later scrapped | |
27 December 1938 |
Air attack at Barcelona | Raised by Nationalist ships on 24 April 1939, confiscated and renamed Castillo Almansa | |
12 May 1937 |
Foundered off Berlengas islands while bound to Cartagena | Sank in deep waters | |
23 February 1939 |
Surface action - Shelled and seized by the Nationalist gunboat Dato off Cap de Creus[8] | Ran aground in a gale while in custody at Palma de Mallorca. Skipper killed in the wreckage.[9] Raised by Nationalist ships in 1941, confiscated and renamed Castilla del Oro (Condestable in 1944)[10] | |
22 June 1938 |
Air attack off Valencia | Sunk in deep waters | |
25 May 1938 |
Air attack off Valencia | Sunk in deep waters | |
10 June 1938 |
Air attack at Alicante | Raised by Nationalist ships on 18 May 1938, confiscated and renamed Castillo Guadalest | |
21 June 1938 |
Air attack off Valencia | Sunk in deep waters | |
18 January 1939 |
Accidental fire at the Strait of Gibraltar[11] | Abandoned. Salvaged and towed to Gibraltar.[nb 3] | |
1 September 1937 |
Cº Primera de Navegación, Ltd. |
Torpedoed and sunk by the Italian submarine Diaspro off Columbretes islands | Sunk in deep waters |
13 October 1938 |
Air attack at Barcelona | Raised by Nationalist ships on 16 January 1940, confiscated and renamed Castillo Monteagudo.[nb 4] |
French flag
[edit]Name and date of loss | Ship's owner | Type of Incident | Aftermath |
---|---|---|---|
14 August 1938 |
Hit a mine while en route from Marseilles to Oran | Sank in depth waters | |
15 January 1939 |
Surface action - Seized by the Nationalist gunboat Dato | Confiscated, renamed Castillo Valldemosa | |
25 January 1939 |
Air attack at Sant Feliu de Guíxols | Raised by Nationalist ships in 1940, confiscated and renamed Castillo Javier | |
2 May 1937 |
Internal explosion off Palma de Mallorca | Sank in deep waters | |
8 June 1938 |
Air attack off Denia | Beached, total loss | |
15 June 1938 |
Air attack at Valencia | Total loss | |
20 October 1938 |
Air attack at Fornells | Total loss | |
30 May 1938 |
Air attack off El Grau, Valencia | Total loss | |
21 December 1937 |
Surface action - Seized by the Nationalist auxiliary cruiser Mallorca at the Strait of Gibraltar | Confiscated, renamed Castillo Andrade | |
15 June 1938 |
Air attack at Valencia | Raised by Nationalist ships on 28 September 1939, confiscated and renamed Castillo Turégano | |
2 January 1938 |
Grounded at Punta Polacra | Total loss | |
4 November 1938 |
Air attack off Cape Matara | Raised by Nationalist ships, confiscated and renamed Castillo Jarandilla | |
6 July 1937 |
Surface action - Seized by the Nationalist cruiser Almirante Cervera | Confiscated and renamed Castillo Almodóvar | |
24 October 1937 |
Air attack off Balearic Islands | Sunk in deep waters | |
8 March 1939 |
Hit a mine while bound for Algiers | Sank with all hands | |
17 December 1937 |
Surface action - Seized by the Nationalist auxiliary cruiser Lázaro at the Strait of Gibraltar | Confiscated, renamed Castillo Simancas | |
28 September 1938 |
Grounded at Cadaqués | Total loss | |
26 January 1939 |
Air attack at Barcelona | Total loss |
Soviet flag
[edit]Name and date of loss | Ship's owner | Type of Incident | Aftermath |
---|---|---|---|
3 September 1937 |
Torpedoed and sunk off Skyros by the Italian submarine Settembrini | Sunk in deep waters | |
17 October 1938 |
Surface action - Captured by the Nationalist minelayer Vulcano | Confiscated, renamed Castillo Ampudia | |
14 December 1936 |
Surface action - Shelled and sunk by the Nationalist cruiser Canarias | Sunk in deep waters[nb 5] | |
19 March 1938 |
Surface action - Captured by Nationalist patrol boats at the Strait of Gibraltar | Confiscated, renamed Castillo Bellver | |
2 November 1938 |
Surface action - Captured by the Nationalist minelayer Vulcano | Confiscated, renamed Castillo Montealegre | |
31 May 1938 |
Surface action - Captured by the Nationalist auxiliary cruiser Vicente Puchol | Confiscated, renamed Castillo de Olite[nb 6] | |
26 May 1938 |
Surface action - Captured by the Nationalist cruiser Canarias | Confiscated, renamed Castillo Maqueda | |
10 January 1937 |
Surface action - Captured by the Nationalist destroyer Velasco off Bilbao | Confiscated, renamed Castillo Peñafiel | |
31 August 1937 |
Surface action - Torpedoed and sunk by the Italian destroyer Turbine off Tigzirt | Sunk in deep waters | |
23 October 1938 |
Surface action - Captured by the Nationalist cruiser Almirante Cervera | Confiscated, renamed Castillo Villafranca |
Greek flag
[edit]Name and date of loss | Ship's owner | Type of Incident | Aftermath |
---|---|---|---|
19 May 1938 |
Surface action - Captured by the Nationalist cruiser Canarias near Cape Passero | Confiscated, renamed Castillo Mombeltrán | |
28 March 1937 |
Surface action - Captured by the Nationalist patrol boat Uad Kert on the Strait of Gibraltar | Confiscated, renamed Castillo Tarifa | |
30 March 1938 |
Torpedoed by a submarine - apparently the Nationalist General Mola[14] | Towed to Barcelona, and sank there in shallow waters. Raised by Nationalist ships, confiscated, and renamed Castillo Moncada | |
4 March 1937 |
Hit a mine off Cape San Sebastian | Sank in deep waters | |
25 February 1939 |
Hit a mine off Cap de Creus | Sank in deep waters | |
5 April 1937 |
Surface action - Captured by the Nationalist patrol boat Maria Teresa at the Strait of Gibraltar | Confiscated and renamed Castillo Monforte | |
9 November 1938 |
Surface action - Captured by a Nationalist patrol boat at the Strait of Gibraltar | Confiscated and renamed Castillo Madrigal | |
2 April 1937 |
Surface action - Shelled and sunk by the Nationalist cruiser Baleares | Sunk in deep waters | |
11 November 1938 |
Surface action - Captured by the Nationalist auxiliary cruiser Mar Cantábrico | Confiscated, renamed Castillo Oropesa |
Panamanian flag
[edit]Name and date of loss | Ship's owner | Type of Incident | Aftermath |
---|---|---|---|
6 April 1937 |
Surface action - Shelled and sunk by the Nationalist armed trawler Galerna off Santoña | Sunk in deep waters | |
6 January 1939 |
Air attack at Alicante | Raised by Nationalist ships in 1939, confiscated and renamed Alhucemas | |
15 August 1937 |
(Esso affiliated) |
Surface action - Shelled and torpedoed by the Italian destroyer Freccia off Tunis | Ran aground after being abandoned[nb 7] |
16 April 1937 |
Surface action - Captured by Nationalist cruiser Almirante Cervera | Confiscated and renamed Castillo la Mota | |
14 March 1937 |
Surface action - Captured by the Nationalist patrol boat Huelva | Confiscated and renamed Castillo Arévalo y Tarifa | |
27 May 1938 |
Air attack south of Menorca | Sunk in deep waters | |
19 October 1937 |
Air attack at Gijon | Raised by Nationalist ships on 30 June 1938, confiscated and renamed Castillo Olmedo | |
30 May 1938 |
Surface action - Captured by the Nationalist cruiser squadron | Confiscated, renamed Castillo Rio Seco y Finisterre |
Danish flag
[edit]Name and date of loss | Ship's owner | Type of Incident | Aftermath |
---|---|---|---|
29 July 1938 |
Air attack at Palamos | Sunk in deep waters | |
13 August 1938 |
Air attack off Balearic Islands | Sunk in deep waters | |
26 May 1938 |
Surface action - Captured by the Nationalist patrol boat Iñasi | Confiscated, renamed Castillo Coca |
Norwegian flag
[edit]Name and date of loss | Ship's owner | Type of Incident | Aftermath |
---|---|---|---|
30 March 1938 |
Surface action - Captured by the Nationalist patrol boat Huelva off Gibraltar | Grounded and lost off Santoña | |
7 December 1936 |
Bombed by Republican aircraft at Seville[17] | Broken up in Vado Ligure, Italy, in May 1937 | |
1 January 1938 |
Struck a reef off Santander | Total loss | |
21 July 1938 |
Surface action - Captured by Nationalist patrol boats at the Strait of Gibraltar | Confiscated, renamed Castillo Daroca |
Dutch flag
[edit]Name and date of loss | Ship's owner | Type of Incident | Aftermath |
---|---|---|---|
11 November 1938 |
Torpedoed and sunk by the Nationalist submarine General Mola off Cape San Antonio | Sunk in deep waters | |
27 January 1937 |
Foundered off Berlengas Islands | Sank in deep waters |
Estonian flag
[edit]German flag
[edit]Name and date of loss | Ship's owner | Type of Incident | Aftermath |
---|---|---|---|
3 January 1938 |
Foundered at Melilla | Total loss | |
12 April 1938 |
Stranded at Cape Gando | Total loss |
Belgian flag
[edit]Name and date of loss | Ship's owner | Type of Incident | Aftermath |
---|---|---|---|
30 January 1938 |
Grounded near Corunna | Total loss |
Italian flag
[edit]Name and date of loss | Ship's owner | Type of Incident | Aftermath |
---|---|---|---|
1 March 1937 |
Foundered off Cadiz | Sank in deep waters |
Latvian flag
[edit]Name and date of loss | Ship's owner | Type of Incident | Aftermath |
---|---|---|---|
19 November 1938 |
Surface action - Captured by Nationalist patrol boats off Gibraltar | Confiscated, renamed Castillo Fuensaldaña |
Footnotes
[edit]- ^ The owner later salvaged the hull, which remained docked at England in 1939, after Ms. Drake purchased another yacht in 1938.[4]
- ^ Republican sources claim that Lake Lugano was shelled by the heavy cruiser Canarias, but the only naval bombardment on a British freighter at Palamós recorded by Nationalist reports on this date was actually carried out by Mar Negro.[6]
- ^ Seized by Italian authorities while being rebuilt at Savona in a shipyard on 10 June 1940, when Italy entered World War II[12]
- ^ Captured by the Nationalist cruiser Canarias off Bilbao, rescued and forcibly taken to Bermeo by the Basque naval trawler Bizcaia on 4 March 1937. Captured again by Nationalist armed trawlers and minelayer Júpiter on 5 October 1938. Released 20 November
- ^ Scuttled by its crew per Soviet sources[13]
- ^ Sunk in March 1939 by Republican coastal batteries at Cartagena during a landing attempt
- ^ While some authors[1][15] assess Geo McKnight as a total loss, she was actually rescued while adrift off Bizerte by tugs of the Italian company Tripcovich, repaired and upgraded at Trieste and sold to a British company under the name Esso Edinburgh. The tanker served under British flag during World War II[16]
References
[edit]- ^ a b González Etchegaray, Rafael (1977). La Marina Mercante y el tráfico marítimo en la Guerra Civil. Ed. San Martín, Appendix two. ISBN 84-7140-150-9 (in Spanish)
- ^ Gretton, Peter (1984). El Factor Olvidado: La Marina Británica y la Guerra Civil Española. Editorial San Martín, p. 98. ISBN 84-7140-224-6. (in Spanish)
- ^ Evening Post, 11 August 1936
- ^ The Palm Beach Post, 9 Aug 1939, pp. 1-2
- ^ de Trijueque, Pere (17 September 2006). "Un pobre vaixell anomenat "Lake Lugano"" (PDF) (in Catalan). Retrieved 14 April 2016.
- ^ Moreno de Alborán y de Reyna, Salvador (1998). La guerra silenciosa y silenciada: historia de la campaña naval durante la guerra de 1936-39, Volume 4, Part 2, p. 2725. Ed. Alborán. ISBN 84-923691-0-8 (in Spanish)
- ^ Heaton, Paul (1985).Welsh Blockade Runners in the Spanish Civil War. Starling press, Appendix 2. ISBN 0-9507714-5-7
- ^ Moreno de Alborán y de Reyna, Salvador (1998). La guerra silenciosa y silenciada: historia de la campaña naval durante la guerra de 1936-39, Volume 4, Part 2. Ed. Alborán, p. 3064. ISBN 84-923691-0-8 (in Spanish)
- ^ House of Commons, Parliamentary debate of 20 March 1939
- ^ Rodríguez Aguilar, Manuel (July 2013). "El vapor británico "Stangrove" en la Guerra Civil española y un poco de su historia". www.grijalvo.com (in Spanish). Revista General de Marina. Retrieved 2021-10-18.
- ^ Besly, Edward (2004). For those in peril: civil decorations and lifesaving awards at the National Museums & Galleries of Wales. National Museum Wales, p. 74. ISBN 0-7200-0546-9
- ^ Screw steamer Ulmus built by Dunlop, Bremner & Co. Ltd. in 1926 from Scottish Built Ships website
- ^ Alpert, Michael (2008). La guerra civil española en el mar. Editorial Critica, p. 210,. ISBN 84-8432-975-5 (in Spanish)
- ^ General Mola by Daniel Prieto (in Spanish)
- ^ Gretton, Peter (1984). El Factor Olvidado: La Marina Británica y la Guerra Civil Española. Editorial San Martín, p. 308. ISBN 84-7140-224-6. (in Spanish)
- ^ Matessini, Francesco (2000) La Guerra Civile Spagnola e la Regia Marina Italiana. (in Italian). Soldiershop Publishing, pp. 163-70.ISBN 8893276143
- ^ "Gulnes (1091361)". Miramar Ship Index. Retrieved 17 March 2012.
Categories:
- Blockades
- International maritime incidents
- Lists of ships by conflict
- Lists of shipwrecks
- Maritime incidents in 1936
- Maritime incidents in 1937
- Maritime incidents in 1938
- Maritime incidents in 1939
- Maritime incidents in Spain
- Mediterranean naval operations of the Spanish Civil War
- Shipwrecks in the Atlantic Ocean
- Shipwrecks in the Mediterranean Sea
- Shipwrecks of the Spanish Civil War
- Spanish Civil War-related lists